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Competition Dynamics in the Meme Ecosystem

ACM Transactions on Social Computing 2023年第3-4期6卷 1-19页

作者： Ford, Trenton W. Krohn, Rachel Weninger, Tim Integrated Science Center College of William and Mary 540 Landrum Dr WilliamsburgVA23185 United States Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Moench Hall Terre HauteIN47803 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering 380 Fitzpatrick Hall University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46556 United States

Creating and sharing memes is a common modality of online social interaction. Because of the prevalence of memes, an abundance of research focuses on understanding how memes are shared and perceived within their online social environment and in what ways they differ from other modalities of online communication. In the present work, we present findings that suggest a relationship between how memes are introduced, shared, and diminish in online social systems and the behavior of biological species within an ecosystem. Framed by this perspective, we borrow ecological methodologies and concepts like resource availability, speciation, and competition to study human attention, creativity, and sharing dynamics (respectively) over a large collection of memes shared on Reddit. Specifically, we find that the population of memes has scaled almost exactly with the total amount of content created over the past decade. We find a consequence of limited human attention in the face of a growing number of memes is that the diversity of memes has decreased at the community level, albeit slightly, in the same period. A further consequence is that the average life span of memes has decreased dramatically, which is further evidence of an increase in competition and a decrease in a meme species’ primary resource: human attention. From this work, we have found reasonable preliminary support for linking memes to species and, thus, meme research to ecological research. We believe that future research should work to strengthen this relationship and transfer more methodologies to meme and information research from ecology. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s)

关键词： Ecosystems

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Using Machine Learning to Enhance Personalization in E-Learning

Using Machine Learning to Enhance Personalization in E-Learn...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Palimkar, Sneha S. Kunnathully, Kannan Thota, Srinivasarao Joshi, Meeta Imran Akkalkot, Afsha Al Said, Nidal Coep Technological University Computer Engineering and Technology Maharashtra Pune India Veltech School of Law India Capital One Software Engineering VA United States Marwadi University Faculty of Management Studies India Pune Technological University Computer Science Engineering College of Engineering Maharashtra Pune India Ajman University College of Mass Communication Ajman United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

Numerous diverse learning materials can be found on e-learning sites. Students in today's e-learning platforms invest a lot of time and energy in locating pertinent learning materials. The student's actual requirements must be taken into account based on a variety of characteristics, including choices, expertise, and learning style. Education must be pertinent to the necessary concept's environment. This study aims to develop an efficient approach for detecting e-learning style and then customizing the e-learning contents to match that style, using machine learning (ML) algorithms to enhance personalization in e-learning. The blended ensemble method combined with the XGBoost meta-learning approach produced the most prominent results for enhancing e-learning style, with an accuracy of 97.6%. Further, the textual material of the e-files is altered using various natural language processing (NLP) approaches. The spaCy NLP-oriented labeled entity identification (LEI) algorithm achieves a 94.2% F1 value and a 0.92 precise match ratio while color-coded textual production of 10 e-files with 790 different phrases. These alterations are intended to suit students' tastes, resulting in an additional personalized and interactive teaching encounter. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： and Natural language processing Artificial intelligence E-learning Machine learning Students

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A Stealthy Backdoor Attack Method Based on Generative Adversarial Networks 5

A Stealthy Backdoor Attack Method Based on Generative Advers...

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5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and computers, IPEC 2024

作者： Tan, Yayue Yu, Gao Zhang, Yaqi Tang, Yongqing Southwest University College of Computer and Information Science School of Software Chongqing China Payment core platform Ant Group Co. Ltd Department of Payment Platform Technology Chengdu China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Software Engineering Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374407

Deep neural networks have been widely and successfully applied to many critical tasks, such as image pattern recognition, natural language processing and autonomous driving, and large amounts of training data and increasing computational power are key factors in their success. Many studies in recent years have shown that deep neural network models face many practical security threats, such as adversarial attacks and backdoor attacks, which can have very serious consequences in the real world. Aiming at the problems of stealth, backdoor trigger design and universality of current backdoor attack methods, a novel method of invisible backdoor attack based on generative adversarial network is proposed. As a backdoor attack method based on data poisoning, inspired by image steganography, this method trains an encoder to generate poisoned samples through generative adversarial network to implement backdoor attack. The secret image used to guide the generation of backdoor triggers does not need to be carefully designed, and the encoder has good generalization ability across datasets. These features not only make its attack effective and stealthy, but also greatly reduce the cost of backdoor. Extensive experimental and analytical results show that the proposed backdoor attack method is effective, stealthy, sustainable and universal. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Few-Shot Fine-Grained Classification of Histological Images 1

Few-Shot Fine-Grained Classification of Histological Images

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1st IEEE International Conference on Medical Artificial Intelligence, MedAI 2023

作者： Jiang, Yingdong Huang, Jing Jin, Zihe Shen, Leqi Zhang, Ziyi College of Software Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education ChangChun China College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education ChangChun China College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University ChangChun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358780

Histological image classification plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis. However, the acquisition of well-labeled histological images is prohibitively expensive, and obtaining rare abnormal samples is challenging. Therefore, applying few-shot learning methods to histological image classification tasks holds significant clinical value. Nevertheless, existing research predom-inantly relies on coarse-grained image classification approaches based on natural image datasets, which struggle to address the fine-grained challenges encountered in histological image classification, such as intra-class diversity and inter-class similarity. To tackle this issue, this study proposes a novel few-shot fine-grained classification method for histological images, named 'Category-Aware Feature Map Reconstruction Network.' This method employs channel weights to localize the differences between inter-class and intra-class regions, composed of intra-class channel weights and inter-class channel weights, collectively referred to as category-aware weights. Specifically, intra-class channel weights indicate the matching degree of salient regions within the support set of a particular class, while inter-class channel weights represent the degree of containing distinct information between classes. The category-aware weights are utilized to transform the support feature maps and query feature maps, generating feature maps that capture differentiating details between categories. Finally, the distance between the transformed query feature map and support feature map is calculated to achieve probabilistic predictions for the categories. On a histological few-shot dataset, this method achieves an accuracy of 90.23% using ResNet-12 as the feature extractor, surpassing the baseline model by 5.24% and outperforming other few-shot methods by at least 10% in the 5-way 10-shot experimental setting. The proposed method exhibits exceptional performance on histological image few-shot datasets, playing a

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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TSEML: A task-specific embedding-based method for few-shot classification of cancer molecular subtypes

TSEML: A task-specific embedding-based method for few-shot c...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Su, Ran Shi, Rui Cui, Hui Xuan, Ping Fang, Chengyan Feng, Xikang Jin, Qiangguo Tianjin University School of Computer Software College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin China La Trobe University Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Melbourne Australia Shantou University School of Engineering Department of Computer Science Guangdong China Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Software Shaanxi China Yangtze River Delta Research Institute Northwestern Polytechnical University Taicang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Molecular subtyping of cancer is recognized as a critical and challenging upstream task for personalized therapy. Existing deep learning methods have achieved significant performance in this domain when abundant data samples are available. However, the acquisition of densely labeled samples for cancer molecular subtypes remains a significant challenge for conventional data-intensive deep learning approaches. In this work, we focus on the few-shot molecular subtype prediction problem in heterogeneous and small cancer datasets, aiming to enhance precise diagnosis and personalized treatment. We first construct a new few-shot dataset for cancer molecular subtype classification and auxiliary cancer classification, named TCGA Few-Shot, from existing publicly available datasets. To effectively leverage the relevant knowledge from both tasks, we introduce a task-specific embedding-based meta-learning framework (TSEML). TSEML leverages the synergistic strengths of a model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) approach and a prototypical network (ProtoNet) to capture diverse and fine-grained features. Comparative experiments conducted on the TCGA FewShot dataset demonstrate that our TSEML framework achieves superior performance in addressing the problem of few-shot molecular subtype classification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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A CIDS Mode DDoS Blacklist Mechanism Based on Smart Contract in SAVI-Enable IPv6 Network 22

A CIDS Mode DDoS Blacklist Mechanism Based on Smart Contract...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2022

作者： Wang, Yufu Wang, Xingwei Zeng, Rongfei Huang, Min College of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China College of Software Northeastern University Shenyang China College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470674

In current IPv6 networks, the increasing number of network devices also boosts the widespread DDoS attacks. Meanwhile, Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is evolved from the individual defense pattern to a distributed and collaborative mode, and Cooperative IDS (CIDS) becomes the mainstream technique. How to improve the overall defense capability through the coordination of information becomes worth studying. In this paper, we propose a DDoS blacklist mechanism with smart contract for IPv6-SAVI (Source Address Validation Improvements) network. In SAVI environment, DDoS source information detected by IDS is considered to be credible. Based on this observation, we design a dynamic update strategy for the reputation of trusted addresses based on the detection results and form a blacklist. Furthermore, we combine CIDS deployment with blockchain to design a blacklist sharing strategy based on smart contract, so that the individual IDS distributed on the chain can realize safe and reliable sharing and updating of the blacklist. Finally, extensive experiments evaluate the performance of our mechanism in terms of latency, overhead, reputation change accuracy, etc., which demonstrates that the blacklist can provide DDoS traffic filtering reference to improve the DDoS mitigation capability. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Enhancing Extreme Programming (XP) Adoption through SAMAM: A Scalable Agile Maturity Assessment Model Based on Industry Best Practices

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97647-97680页

作者： Abrar, Muhammad Faisal Alferaidi, Ali Almurayziq, Tariq S. Saqib, Muhammad Khan, Wilayat Khan, Zawar Alsaffar, Mohammad University of Ha’il College of Computer Science and Engineering 55476 Saudi Arabia University of Engineering & Technology Department of Software Engineering Peshawar 25000 Pakistan

The adoption of Extreme Programming (XP), a widely recognized Agile methodology, faces numerous barriers that hinder its successful implementation in software development organizations. This research aims to develop a novel Scalable Agile Maturity Assessment Model (SAMAM) to address these barriers and facilitate the effective adoption of XP. The model is designed by leveraging established frameworks, including the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), software Outsourcing Vendor Readiness Model (SOVRM), and software Process Improvement Implementation Management Model (SPIIMM). Unlike traditional models that rely on predefined Key Process Areas (KPAs), SAMAM adopts 14 critical barriers (CBs) identified through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and corresponding practices as the foundation for its maturity levels. The study was conducted in four phases. First, an SLR was performed to identify 14 critical barriers to XP adoption and their respective mitigation practices. In the second phase, a survey questionnaire was administered within the software industry to validate the SLR findings and extract additional industry-relevant practices. The third phase involved the development of SAMAM, structured into five maturity levels using the identified barriers and practices instead of traditional KPAs. In the final phase, industrial case studies were conducted to evaluate the model’s effectiveness in real-world settings using the Motorola Assessment Tool. The findings demonstrate that SAMAM provides a comprehensive and scalable approach to assess and improve XP adoption maturity by systematically addressing critical adoption barriers. The model supports organizations in overcoming XP adoption challenges and achieving higher process maturity. The evaluation through case studies confirmed the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model, contributing to the body of knowledge on agile methodologies and advancing XP adoption in the software developm

关键词： Agile maturity assessment mode Extreme Programming (XP) Adoption Scalable agile adoption (SAMAM) software process improvement

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Learned Video Compression With Refined Adaptive Flow Pyramid And Coordinate-Aware Attention

Learned Video Compression With Refined Adaptive Flow Pyramid...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Huang, Qian Liu, Wenting Li, Xin Wang, Yiming College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

In video compression, motion estimation and motion compensation are critical for achieving efficient encoding. Although the commonly used SpyNet and bilinear interpolation have contributed in improving the compression efficiency, they still have limitations. SpyNet often loses details and fails to fully utilize the feature extraction capabilities of deep networks. Furthermore, bilinear interpolation inherently attenuates high-frequency information, leading to frame blurring and distortion. In this paper, we propose a novel video compression algorithm. To overcome the limitations of SpyNet, we propose a refined adaptive flow pyramid network. This network uses a multi-scale feature pyramid to capture more details. Moreover, we use an iterative cost volume refinement engine that improves the feature representation of the network and iteratively improve the accuracy of motion estimation. In addition, to overcome the limitation of bilinear interpolation, we propose a coordinate-aware attention module, which captures more high-frequency information to improve the accuracy of motion compensation. Experimental results show that our method outperforms VTM-13.2 (LDP) in terms of PSNR. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： coordinate network cross attention flow pyramid learned video compression

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Spatial-Temporal Motion Compensation for Learned Video Compression

Spatial-Temporal Motion Compensation for Learned Video Compr...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Huang, Qian Liu, Wenting Lu, Hao Wang, Yiming College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing211100 China Hohai University Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing211100 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

In the past few years, learned video compression has received increasing attention. However, most current learned methods rely on the bilinear warping operations in motion compensation, which is equivalent to a low-pass filtering operation and brings the distortion of reconstruction. To address this problem, we propose a spatial-temporal motion compensation for learned video compression (STMC-LVC). STMC-LVC uses a spatial-temporal motion compensation network (STMC-Net) to fully consider the spatial-temporal correlation between successive frames, performing accurate motion compensation. Specifically, STMC-Net mainly consists of the initial feature prediction module and the fusion module. The initial feature prediction module predicts reference features based on DCN to provide sufficient information for motion compensation. The fusion module obtains temporal attention information by calculating the similarity between features, performs spatial attention operations, and finally performs spatial-temporal fusion, further improving the robustness of motion compensation. In addition, STMC-LVC uses a conditional coding framework. We use a concatenation of the current feature and predicted feature as context to explore spatial-temporal correlations in feature space. Experimental results show that our method effectively improves video compression. Specifically, our model achieves an average of 33.86% and 58.70% bitrate savings than x265 (veryslow) on PSNR and MS-SSIM, respectively. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Low pass filters

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Semantic consistency assisted change detection in remote sensing images

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National Remote Sensing Bulletin 2025年第4期29卷 1031-1045页

作者： Wu, Hucheng Wang, Renfang Qiu, Hong Wang, Feng Gao, Guang Wu, Dun College of Computer Science and Technology Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China College of Big Data and Software Engineering Zhejiang Wanli University Ningbo315100 China Co. Ltd. Ningbo315042 China

Semantic change detection of remote sensing images plays an important role in ecological environment, land use, and land cover monitoring. In recent years, deep learning-based change detection methods are the hotspot of remote sensing intelligent interpretation concern;however, the existing three-branch semantic change detection methods lack consistency of change branch and semantic branches, which leads to the self-contradiction of the bitemporal semantic change detection. To address this problem, this study proposes a remote sensing image semantic change detection algorithm based on Siamese CNN and Transformer. In the encoding stage, the Siamese ResNet34 network is first designed to extract the multiscale features of the image, and the difference enhancement module is embedded to increase the attention of the change information;then, the semantic tokenizer is used to map the feature map into compact semantic tokens, and the Transformer encoder is used to combine the bitemporal semantics and the change information to model the"semantic change"consistency. In the decoding stage, different fine-grained semantic information is fused by the Transformer decoder using a hopping connection to generate a refined semantic feature map. Finally, the result of bitemporal semantic change is obtained after upsampling recovery and mask multiplication. Experimental results on the remote sensing semantic change detection public dataset SECOND and Landsat-SCD show that the proposed algorithm can effectively focus on the change region, maintain the consistency between the change results and the semantic results, and achieve excellent evaluation indexes and visual effects. We can draw the following conclusions: (1) The proposed difference enhancement module can enhance the difference characteristics of bitemporal remote sensing images and improve the network’s focus on change information. (2) The proposed bitemporal Transformer module maps the difference information and bitemporal sem

关键词： Change detection

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