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TMRE:Novel Algorithm for Computing Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Transformer-Based Models

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2851-2864页

作者： Bushra Tayyaba Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan Talha Waheed Shaha Al-Otaibi Tanzila Saba National Center of Artificial Intelligence(NCAI) Al Khwarizmi Institute of Computer Sciences(KICS)Lahore54890Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology LahoreLahore54890Pakistan Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Reference Evapotranspiration(ETo)iswidely used to assess totalwater loss between land and atmosphere due to its importance in maintaining the atmospheric water balance,especially in agricultural and environmental *** estimation of ETo is challenging due to its dependency onmultiple climatic variables,including temperature,humidity,and solar radiation,making it a complexmultivariate time-series *** machine learning and deep learning models have been applied to forecast ETo,achieving moderate ***,the introduction of transformer-based architectures in time-series forecasting has opened new possibilities formore precise ETo *** this study,a novel algorithm for ETo forecasting is proposed,focusing on four transformer-based models:Vanilla Transformer,Informer,Autoformer,and FEDformer(Frequency Enhanced Decomposed Transformer),applied to an ETo dataset from the Andalusian *** novelty of the proposed algorithm lies in determining optimized window sizes based on seasonal trends and variations,which were then used with each model to enhance prediction *** custom window-sizing method allows the models to capture ETo’s unique seasonal patterns more ***,results demonstrate that the Informer model outperformed other transformer-based models,achievingmean square error(MSE)values of 0.1404 and 0.1445 for forecast windows(15,7)and(30,15),*** Vanilla Transformer also showed strong performance,closely following the *** findings suggest that the proposed optimized window-sizing approach,combined with transformer-based architectures,is highly effective for ETo *** novel strategy has the potential to be adapted in othermultivariate time-series forecasting tasks that require seasonality-sensitive approaches.

关键词： Reference evapotranspiration ETo transformer informer autoformer FEDformer timeseries forecasting self-attention

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Smart Hybrid Mini-Xception Model and Eyebrow Displacement-Based Stress Level and Emotion Detection System 12th

Smart Hybrid Mini-Xception Model and Eyebrow Displacement-Ba...

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12th International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing, ICRTC 2024

作者： Bhuvana, S. Anantha Prabha, P. Deva Priya, M. Christy Jeba Malar, A. Karthick, S. School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karpagam College of Engineering Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Information Technology Sri Krishna College of Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Delhi - NCR Campus SRM Institute of Science and Technology Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819789450

Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain due to adversative or challenging situations. A human may undergo bad life experiences or events, and it is a significant issue to be dealt in today's society. It comes as a result of family situations, health concerns, work environments and people's behavior among other things. It affects people of various ages, including children, teenagers, middle-aged people and senior citizens. It has serious consequences affecting human body and life. These problems can be addressed by detecting mental stress at an early stage. The main goal of the propounded system is to identify human stress using a pre-trained Mini-Xception model. Additional measures such as eye moments, mouth activity and head motion are employed for determining the level of human stress. FER2013 dataset is used and the system is tested for all kinds of emotions. Human stress level is experimented by capturing video using webcam. From the experimental outcomes, it is evident that the proposed system offers better performance in terms of Precision, Accuracy, Specificity and Sensitivity in contrast to traditional methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Eyebrow displacement FER2013 dataset Mini-Xception model Stress detection

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A Customizable Virtual Assistant Enhanced with Vision and Speech Capabilities 12th

A Customizable Virtual Assistant Enhanced with Vision and Sp...

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12th International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing, ICRTC 2024

作者： Christy Jeba Malar, A. Deva Priya, M. Naveen Kumaran, R. Sanjay Abhishek, J. Bhuvana, S. Karthick, S. Department of Information Technology Sri Krishna College of Technology Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karpagam College of Engineering Tamilnadu Coimbatore India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Uttar Pradesh Delhi–NCR Campus Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819788354

Recent advancements in Smart Assistants (SAs) as well as home automation have captured the attention of both researchers and consumers. Virtual Assistants (VAs) that are speech-enabled are commonly referred to as smart speakers. They offer a wide range of network-based services. In some cases, they seamlessly link to smart environments, introducing innovative and efficient user interfaces. Nevertheless, these devices present their own set of challenges and limitations. The distinctive features of this technology, particularly its hand-free operation handled by voice and implementation of voice-user interface create a unique landscape. Existing technology adoption models, however, fall short in offering a comprehensive explanation for the adoption of this innovative technology. To gain deeper insights into the motivation behind approving and using in-home voice assistants, this work shifts its focus towards examining voice interactions. Utilization of speech recognition for converting speech into text enables constructing an attractive personalized assistant. This development facilitates seamless tasks such as sending emails without manual typing, conducting Google searches without opening the browser, and accomplishing various daily activities including playing music or launching a preferred IDE, all with a single voice command. To assess its performance, the system is seamlessly integrated with home automation (open-source) environment and operated continuously for some days. During this period, users are encouraged to interact with it, and the results demonstrate increased accuracy, reliability and appeal. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Advancements in Efficient Underwater Image Restoration Using ETransMapNet for Enhanced Dehazing

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Tehnicki Vjesnik 2025年第3期32卷 1125-1132页

作者： Indumathi, C.P. Alshahrani, Haya Mesfer N.A., Natraj C.H., Sarada Devi Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering BIT Campus Anna University Tamilnadu Tiruchirapalli24 India Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Maharashtra Pune India Department of CSE Meenakshi College of Engineering India

Underwater (UW) information is essential for advancing human exploration and utilization of the underwater world, including fields such as UW Paleology, UW Target Detection, UW Object Tracking, UW Surveillance, and related activities. Visual media like movies and images enhance our natural understanding of underwater objectives. In the past decade, underwater photo restoration and enhancement have gained increasing attention. This study proposes a novel approach employing the recently developed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for dehazing, named ETransMapNet (Efficient Transmission Map Network). ETransMapNet is designed with convolution layers and nonlinear activations to execute four sequential processes: nonlinear regression, local maxima detection, multi-scale decomposition, and convolutional feature extraction. Unlike traditional CNNs, ETransMapNet replaces the initial layer's Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation with a convolution layer utilizing a Maxout activation function. ETransMapNet extracts features using three convolution kernels of different sizes (3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 7 × 7). The method suppresses noise in the estimated transmittance map, while local extremum values maintain local consistency within the transmittance map. This study adopts Bilateral ReLU (BReLU) for normalizing network outputs within a 0 to 1 range. Additionally, Adaptive Bilateral Filtering (ABF) is applied to remove redundant artifacts from the predicted transmission map. White balancing addresses color divergence, and Laplacian pyramid fusion combines the color-corrected and dehazed images. In the final stage, the resultant image is transformed into the Wavelet and Directional Filter Banks (WDFB) domain for denoising and edge enhancement. Performance metrics reveal that the proposed ETransMapNet approach improves performance by 38%-50% compared to previous methods. © 2025, Strojarski Facultet. All rights reserved.

关键词： Underwater photography

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Empirical techniques for effort estimation in designing effective ML models

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2025年第2期47卷 226-234页

作者： Padmanabha Reddy, Y.C.A. Kosuru, Sai Sathwik Sirisalla, Nageswara Rao Vivekananda, G.N. Perala, Venkata Akanksha Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Chaitanya Bharati Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Department of CSE B V Raju Institute of Technology Telangana Narsapur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.S.R.M. College of Engineering AP Kadapa India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Machine Learning Research often involves the use of diverse libraries, modules, and pseudocodes for data processing, cleaning, filtering, pattern recognition, and computer intelligence. Quantization of Effort Required for the above cumulative processes is rarely discussed in the existing works and The time to reach the desired level of the model's functionality is essential to gauge the environment training for the model training and pre-deployment testing. In this study, we empirically defined the manual-cum-computational effort required for the model development in terms of 2-time factors: time-to-live (time until 1st code modification) and time-for-modification (time between 2 codebase changes) taken together in a mathematical model to compute Effort Factor(quantitative measure of determining effort needed to design ML algorithms). The study is novel in terms of how the effort required to create ML models is calculated with a particular focus on the manual effort direction. The results and the findings obtained can be used for determining the total time needed to synthesize ML models and frameworks in terms of code change cycles and implementation strategies marking a 25% performance increase in the current method above the Standard Pipeline. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Pipeline codes

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Fuzzy Decision-Based Clustering for Efficient Data Aggregation in Mobile UWSNs

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 259-279页

作者： Aadil Mushtaq Pandith Manni Kumar Naveen Kumar Nitin Goyal Sachin Ahuja Yonis Gulzar Rashi Rastogi Rupesh Gupta Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityJalandhar144402PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Salesforce Inc. DallasTX 75201USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendragarh123031HaryanaIndia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Application Sir Chhotu Ram Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCh.Charan Singh UniversityMeerut250001Uttar PradeshIndia Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia

Underwater wireless sensor networks(UWSNs)rely on data aggregation to streamline routing operations by merging information at intermediate nodes before transmitting it to the ***,many existing data aggregation techniques are designed exclusively for static networks and fail to reflect the dynamic nature of underwater ***,conventional multi-hop data gathering techniques often lead to energy depletion problems near the sink,commonly known as the energy hole ***,cluster-based aggregation methods face significant challenges such as cluster head(CH)failures and collisions within clusters that degrade overall network *** address these limitations,this paper introduces an innovative framework,the Cluster-based Data Aggregation using Fuzzy Decision Model(CDAFDM),tailored for mobile *** proposed method has four main phases:clustering,CH selection,data aggregation,and *** CH selection,a fuzzy decision model is utilized to ensure efficient cluster head selection based on parameters such as residual energy,distance to the sink,and data delivery likelihood,enhancing network stability and energy *** the aggregation phase,CHs transmit a single,consolidated set of non-redundant data to the base station(BS),thereby reducing data duplication and saving *** adapt to the changing network topology,the re-clustering phase periodically updates cluster formations and reselects *** results show that CDAFDM outperforms current protocols such as CAPTAIN(Collection Algorithm for underwater oPTical-AcoustIc sensor Networks),EDDG(Event-Driven Data Gathering),and DCBMEC(Data Collection Based on Mobile Edge Computing)with a packet delivery ratio increase of up to 4%,an energy consumption reduction of 18%,and a data collection latency reduction of 52%.These findings highlight the framework’s potential for reliable and energy-efficient data aggregation mobile UWSNs.

关键词： Clustering data aggregation data collection fuzzy model monitoring UWSN

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Network-Based Rail Running Band Anomaly Recognition via Recurrent Attention Graphs

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 15381-15395页

作者： Ni, Xuefeng Fieguth, Paul W. Ma, Ziji Shi, Bo Liu, Hongli Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering China University of Waterloo Department of Systems Design Engineering Canada The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong

Anomaly detection for rail running bands, the pattern of wheel–rail contact area, is crucial to analyze composite rail irregularities. This paper presents an all-weather vision-based solution for running-band inspection. However, two major algorithmic challenges restrict inspection effectiveness: 1) the identification of high-quality features for diversified and imbalanced data subject to noise and outliers, and 2) inferring implicit anomaly co-occurrence patterns. We regard overall running-band anomaly detection as a multi-label classification problem and develop a novel deep multi-anomaly recognition network via recurrent attention graphs (RAGRN). The proposed RAGRN consists of two fundamental components, each directly addressing the two major challenges of this paper: 1) Class-specific features are extracted for fine-grained discrimination via split-channel and gradient-guided class-specific attention mechanisms;2) We develop a multi-anomaly classifier, which effectively captures long-distance correlation features via a recurrent attention graph with visual and statistical guidance for graph propagation, containing prior statistical and image-specific information. The experiments and statistical analyses demonstrate that RAGRN outperforms all related state-of-the-art frameworks and has the potential to be applied to practical inspection. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： attention Graph neural network multi-anomaly recognition multi-label classification rail running band

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Auction-Based Optimization with Machine Learning for Cyber Threat Detection and Classification Model 3rd

Auction-Based Optimization with Machine Learning for Cyber T...

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3rd International Conference on Computing and Communication Networks, ICCCN 2023

作者： Alqahtani, Hamed Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science Center of Artificial Intelligence Unit of Cybersecurity King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819726707

The detection of cyber threats and cybersecurity can be benefitted greatly from the advances in artificial intelligence (AI). Cyber threat detection is the main focus of cybersecurity. It has used various tools and techniques to find unauthorized access to systems, attacks, effective security incidents or applications, and networks. Owing to data flow presence over networks and extensive devices, the possibility of intrusion detection and cyberattacks has increased. Monitorization of this immense volume of data traffic is found to be tough, though machine learning (ML) techniques effectively support this task. This study develops an auction-based optimization with machine learning for cyber threat detection and classification (ABOML-CTDC) technique. The presented ABOML-CTDC technique concentrates on the identification and classification of cyber threats in accomplishing cybersecurity. The proposed ABOML-CTDC technique makes use of the ABO-based feature subset selection (ABO-FSS) technique to elect optimal features. For cyber threat detection, the ABOML-CTDC technique utilizes a variational autoencoder (VAE) model. Finally, the moth flame optimization (MFO) algorithm is exploited for the parameter selection of the VAE method del to improve the detection rate. The experimental validation of the ABOML-CTDC approach is tested on benchmark datasets and the results pointed out the promising results on detecting threats over recent state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Generative AI, IoT, and blockchain in healthcare: application, issues, and solutions

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-23页

作者： Mazhar, Tehseen khan, Sunawar Shahzad, Tariq khan, Muhammad Amir Saeed, Mamoon M. Awotunde, Joseph Bamidele Hamam, Habib School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal57000 Pakistan School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Sana’a Yemen Department of Computer Science Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Faculty of Engineering Uni de Moncton MonctonNBE1A3E9 Canada Department of Computer Science and Information Technology School Education Department Government of Punjab 31200 Layyah Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg2006 South Africa Av. Grandes Ecoles LibrevilleBP 1989 Gabon Bridges for Academic Excellence Spectrum Tunis Tunisia

This article discusses Blockchain and Generative AI in healthcare, including their uses, difficulties, and solutions. Blockchain technology improves EHR security, privacy, and interoperability, while smart contracts streamline supply chain management and administrative procedures. Blockchain verifies and secures IoT data, improving medical care and treatment, according to case studies. Generative AI systems like ChatGPT have transformed healthcare by personalizing therapy, diagnostics, and predictive analytics. AI systems can examine massive databases to diagnose diseases early, anticipate dangers, and personalize therapies. By providing timely information, boosting treatment adherence, and giving continuous support, AI-powered virtual health assistants have enhanced patient involvement. Generative AI has additionally enhanced medical research and drug development, cutting the time and expense of introducing new medicines. Generative AI and Blockchain provide safe patient data storage, high-quality AI training datasets, and efficient healthcare operations. Scalability, energy usage, and interoperability issues remain. Scalable Blockchain designs and standardized data integration and exchange protocols are suggested by this study. These technologies could improve medical research and therapy by making them safer, more effective, and more individualized. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Innovative Approaches to Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environments Using an Advanced Willow Catkin Optimization Algorithm

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2495-2520页

作者： Jeng-Shyang Pan Na Yu Shu-Chuan Chu An-Ning Zhang Bin Yan Junzo Watada College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan College of Electronics Communication and PhysicsShandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Graduate School of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityKitakyushu808-0135Japan

The widespread adoption of cloud computing has underscored the critical importance of efficient resource allocation and management, particularly in task scheduling, which involves assigning tasks to computing resources for optimized resource utilization. Several meta-heuristic algorithms have shown effectiveness in task scheduling, among which the relatively recent Willow Catkin Optimization (WCO) algorithm has demonstrated potential, albeit with apparent needs for enhanced global search capability and convergence speed. To address these limitations of WCO in cloud computing task scheduling, this paper introduces an improved version termed the Advanced Willow Catkin Optimization (AWCO) algorithm. AWCO enhances the algorithm’s performance by augmenting its global search capability through a quasi-opposition-based learning strategy and accelerating its convergence speed via sinusoidal mapping. A comprehensive evaluation utilizing the CEC2014 benchmark suite, comprising 30 test functions, demonstrates that AWCO achieves superior optimization outcomes, surpassing conventional WCO and a range of established meta-heuristics. The proposed algorithm also considers trade-offs among the cost, makespan, and load balancing objectives. Experimental results of AWCO are compared with those obtained using the other meta-heuristics, illustrating that the proposed algorithm provides superior performance in task scheduling. The method offers a robust foundation for enhancing the utilization of cloud computing resources in the domain of task scheduling within a cloud computing environment.

关键词： Willow catkin optimization algorithm cloud computing task scheduling opposition-based learning strategy

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