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Domain decomposition and mortar mixed approach for nonlinear elliptic equations modeling flow in porous media

Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42724页

作者： Arshad, Muhammad Mehmood, Adil Salleh, Zabidin Akhtar, Sumaira Saleem Khan, Suliman Inc, Mustafa Department of Mathematics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Abbottabad Pakistan Special Interest Group on Modelling and Data Analytics Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Department of Mathematics Women University Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Department of Mathematıcs Firat University Elazig 23119 Türkiye Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Department of Computer Engineering Biruni University Istanbul 34010 Türkiye

The equations describe the behavior of steady state flow in porous medium generally results in elliptic partial differential equations with coefficient represents the permeability of the medium. This article presents the extension of mortar mixed method for second order nonlinear elliptic equations that describes flow in porous media. The domain is decomposed into non-overlapping regions with each partitioned independently. The grids on subdomains are allowed to be non-matching across the subdomains internal boundaries. The fixed point argument (FPA) is employed to establish the existence and uniqueness of discrete problem, and optimal order error estimates are provided for approximations. The computational results are given to validate the theory. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Darcy law Existence Mixed methods Mortar methods Nonlinear equations Numerical results

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Artificial Intelligence Based Segmentation for Skin-Layer Visualization from Optical Coherence Tomography Images

Artificial Intelligence Based Segmentation for Skin-Layer Vi...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Gilang Titah Ramadhan Yori Pusparani Ardha Ardea Prisilla Wei-Cheng Shen Hsu-Tang Cheng Ben-Yi Liau Yih-Kuen Jan Wen-Thong Chang Chih-Yang Lin Chi-Wen Lung Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Visual Communication Design Budi Luhur University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Digital Media Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Fashion Design LaSalle College Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia Department of Creative Product Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Division of Plastic Surgery Asia University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois Urbana USA Department of Mechanical Engineering National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331521165

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521172

Changes in epidermal thickness are linked to various skin diseases, such as diabetic foot. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a noninvasive imaging technology, enables detailed visualization of skin layers. This study employed a deep learning approach using the U-Net architecture to analyze OCT images, specifically focusing on the stratum corneum (SC) and epidermis (ED) layers. Utilizing a dataset of 10,000 images, the U-Net model achieved 92 % accuracy in predicting SC and 95% accuracy for ED. These results highlight the potential of this method for accurate 3D visualization of SC and ED layers, paving the way for precise assessment of skin layer thickness and its changes in medical applications.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Solid modeling Image segmentation Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Optical coherence tomography Medical services Predictive models Epidermis

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Graph partitioning and graph neural network based hierarchical graph matching for graph similarity computation

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Xu, Haoyan Duan, Ziheng Feng, Jie Chen, Runjian Huang, Yida Wang, Yueyang College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University College of Computer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University

Graph similarity computation aims to predict a similarity score between one pair of graphs so as to facilitate downstream applications, such as finding the chemical compounds that are most similar to a query compound or Fewshot 3D Action Recognition, etc. Recently, some graph similarity computation models based on neural networks have been proposed, which are either based on graph-level interaction or node-level comparison. However, when the number of nodes in the graph increases, it will inevitably bring about the problem of reduced representation ability or excessive time complexity. Motivated by this observation, we propose a graph partitioning and graph neural network based model, called PSimGNN, to effectively resolve this issue. Specifically, each of the input graphs is partitioned into a set of subgraphs to directly extract the local structural features firstly. Next, a learnable embedding function is used to map each subgraph into an embedding vector. Then, some of these subgraph pairs are selected for node-level comparison to supplement the subgraph-level embedding with fine-grained information. Finally, coarse-grained interaction information among subgraphs and fine-grained comparison information among nodes in different subgraphs are integrated to predict the final similarity score. Using approximate Graph Edit Distance (GED) as graph similarity metric, experimental results on graph data sets of different graph size demonstrate PSimGNN outperforms state-of-the-art methods in graph similarity computation tasks. The codes will release when this paper is published. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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Electrically reconfigurable nonvolatile metasurface based on phase change materials

Electrically reconfigurable nonvolatile metasurface based on...

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Flat Optics: Components to Systems, FLATOPTICS 2021 - Part of OSA Optical Design and Fabrication 2021

作者： Zhang, Yifei Fowler, Clayton Liang, Junhao Azhar, Bilal Shalaginov, Mikhail Y. Deckoff-Jones, Skylar An, Sensong Chou, Jeffrey B. Roberts, Christopher M. Liberman, Vladimir Kang, Myungkoo Ríos, Carlos Richardson, Kathleen A. Rivero-Baleine, Clara Gu, Tian Zhang, Hualiang Hu, Juejun Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA United States Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA United States College of Optics and Photonics Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Materials Research Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Missiles and Fire Control Lockheed Martin Corporation OrlandoFL United States

We report an electrically reconfigurable metasurface platform based on optical phase change materials. Multi-cycle reversible switching is realized using conductive micro-heaters. Large-contrast spectral tuning and be... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Phase change materials

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A Point-to-distribution Degeneracy Detection Factor for LiDAR SLAM using Local Geometric Models

A Point-to-distribution Degeneracy Detection Factor for LiDA...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Sehua Ji Weinan Chen Zerong Su Yisheng Guan Jiehao Li Hong Zhang Haifei Zhu Biomimetic and Intelligent Robotics Lab (BIRL) School of Electromechanical Engineer Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China JT-Innovation (Guangdong) Intelligent Technology Co. Ltd. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China College of Engineering South China Agricultural University China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision Southern University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

Limited by the working principles, LiDAR-SLAM systems suffer from the degeneration phenomenon in environments such as long corridors and tunnels, due to the lack of sufficient geometric features for frame-to-frame matching. The accuracy and sensitivity of existing degeneracy detection methods need to be further improved. In this paper, we propose a novel method for degeneracy detection using local geometric models based on point-to-distribution matching. To obtain an accurate description of local geometric models, an adaptive adjustment of voxel segmentation according to the point cloud distribution and density is designed. The codes of the proposed method is open-source and available at https://***/jisehua/***. Experiments with public datasets and self-build robots were conducted to evaluate the methods. The results exhibit that our proposed method achieves higher accuracy than the other existing approaches. Applying our proposed method is beneficial for improving the robustness of the LiDAR-SLAM systems.

关键词： Point cloud compression Accuracy Simultaneous localization and mapping Sensitivity Laser radar Geometric modeling Noise

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Plasmonic and photonic enhancement of chiral near fields

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hu, Li Sun, Zhiguang Nie, Yingdong Huang, Yingzhou Fang, Yurui Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Detection Control and Integrated System School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing400067 China School of Physics Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials College of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

A chiral near field with a highly contorted electromagnetic field builds a bridge to match the chiral molecules and light wavelengths with large size differences. It significantly enhances the circular dichroism of chiral molecules and has great prospects in chirality sensing, detection, trapping, and other chirality-related applications. Surface plasmons feature outstanding light-trapping and electromagnetic-field-concentrating abilities. Plasmonic chiral nanostructures facilitate light manipulation to generate superchiral near fields. Meanwhile, the nanophotonic structures have attracted significant interest to obtain strong chiral fields due to their unique electromagnetic resonant properties. During the interaction of light and chiral materials, the chiral near field not only bridges the light and chiral molecules but is also responsible for the optical activities. This paper reviews state-of-the-art studies on chiral near field enhancement using plasmonic and photonic nanostructures. We review the principle of chiral electromagnetic fields and the development of plasmonic and photonic nanostructures for near field enhancement. The properties and applications of enhanced chiral near fields for chiral molecule detection, spin-orbit angular interaction, and the generation of the chiral optical force are examined. Finally, we discuss current challenges and provide a brief outlook of this field. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dichroism

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Characterization of State-Preparation Uncertainty in Quantum Key Distribution

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第1期19卷 014048-014048页

作者： Anqi Huang Akihiro Mizutani Hoi-Kwong Lo Vadim Makarov Kiyoshi Tamaki Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People’s Republic of China Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Department of Physics Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC) University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L5 Canada Russian Quantum Center Skolkovo Moscow 121205 Russia Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai 201315 People’s Republic of China NTI Center for Quantum Communications National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow 119049 Russia Faculty of Engineering University of Toyama Gofuku 3190 Toyama 930-8555 Japan

To achieve secure quantum key distribution, all imperfections in the source unit must be incorporated in a security proof and measured in the lab. Here we perform a proof-of-principle demonstration of the experimental techniques for characterizing the source phase and intensity fluctuation in commercial quantum key distribution systems. When we apply the measured phase-fluctuation intervals to the security proof that takes into account fluctuations in the state preparation, it predicts a key distribution distance of over 100km of fiber. The measured intensity fluctuation intervals are, however, so large that the proof predicts zero key, indicating a source improvement may be needed. Our characterization methods pave the way for a future certification standard.

关键词： Fluctuations & noise Optical quantum information processing Quantum cryptography Quantum engineering Quantum state engineering

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Automatic Sleep Spindle Detection and Analysis in Patients with Sleep Disorders 1

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2nd International Workshop on Human Brain and Artificial Intelligence, HBAI 2020 held in Conjunction with IJCAI-PRICAI 2020

作者： Chen, Chao Zhu, Xuequan Belkacem, Abdelkader Nasreddine Lu, Lin Hao, Long You, Jia Shin, Duk Tan, Wenjun Huang, Zhaoyang Ming, Dong Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Complex System Control Theory and Application Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China Department of Computer and Network Engineering College of Information Technology UAE University Al Ain15551 United Arab Emirates Zhonghuan Information College Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300380 China Department of Electronics and Mechatronics Tokyo Polytechnic University Atsugi243-0297 Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110189 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing100088 China

ISBN: (数字)9789811612886

ISBN: (纸本)9789811612879

Nowadays, Sleep disorder is a common disease, and spindle spindles are important features of the second stage non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In this paper, we propose an improved automatic detection method of spindles based on wavelet transform. The spindles automatic detector is mainly composed of wavelet transform and clustering. We collected the electroencephalography (EEG) signals of six patients with sleep disorders all night for ten hours, and then preprocessed the data and other operations, and then used our improved method to detect the sleep EEG signals by spindles. By comparing with the previous automatic detection method not improved and another automatic detection method, the results show that the accuracy of sleep spindles detection can be effectively improved. The accuracy of the improved detector is 5.19% higher than before, and 9.7% higher than that of another method based on amplitude threshold. Finally, we made a simple comparison between people with sleep disorders and normal people. We found that there were significant differences in spindle density between people with sleep disorders and people without sleep disorders. The average spindle density in the normal population averaged 2.59 spindles per minute. People with sleep disorders had an average spindle density of 1.32 spindles per minute. In future research, our research direction is to improve the accuracy of spindles automatic detection by improving the spindles detector and study the difference of spindles between patients with sleep disorders and normal people in a large number of samples, so that the difference of spindles can be used as the basis for the diagnosis of sleep disorders. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Wavelet transforms

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Flight demonstrations of lunar cubesat technologies developed for clps

Flight demonstrations of lunar cubesat technologies develope...

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Accelerating Space Commerce, Exploration, and New Discovery Conference, ASCEND 2020

作者： Singh, Hunter Huang, Calvin Coble, Kyle Yuan, Christine University of Colorado Boulder United States Pasadena City College Computer Science United States KTH Royal Institute of Technology Systems Control and Robotics Sweden Cornell University Mechanical Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624106088

During the summer of 2020, students under the Innovation to Flight (i2F) program will be performing flight demonstrations of lunar CubeSat technologies which include navigation and communication. These Earth-bound flight demonstrations are aimed to test flight-critical technology and hardware that will fly to the Moon utilizing NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS). Specifically, a strategic partnership with Qualcomm has opened the door to utilizing Qualcomm’s Modal AI chips on custom boards that will provide both telecommunications, navigation and command and data handling (C&DH) abilities. The i2F team performed the first high altitude near-space environmental testing of the basic Qualcomm Snapdragon system in August of 2019 by utilizing the Zephyrus High Altitude Balloon (HAB) platform that i2F developed in 2017. The flight demonstrations for 2020 will be specifically testing the updated Qualcomm NavComm and C&DH systems ability to provide clocking and positioning to ground based assets at long-range systems testing. Autonomous ground robotics relayed data to lunar analog astronauts at the facility and using the ModalAI board performed visual navigation pushing lunar simulant into gravity filtration systems for processing. The CRADLE (California Research Analog for Deepspace and Lunar Exploration) analogue is a test site in the Mojave Desert that is a 1.5-hour drive from Los Angeles and has analogous features to lunar craters and crevices. The team will present the results of the experiment and next steps in working with the Qualcomm chip in cubesat platforms. University of Colorado Boulder advisor Scott Palo is working with students to provide an achitecture cable of supporting Atemis missions as well as commercial robotics on the moon. © 2020 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

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The Multi-Blockchain Based Data Trading Markets with Novel Pricing Mechanisms

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Juanjuan Li, Junqing Wang, Xiao Qin, Rui Yuan, Yong Wang, Fei-Yue The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao266590 China Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao266109 China School of Mathematics Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China Macao Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau 999078 China

Aiming to deal with the challenge of data security and data pricing in data trading markets, we propose the novel multi-blockchain-based framework and design the related pricing mechanisms. Specifically, data recording and trading are conducted separately in the Data Blockchain (DChain) and the Value Blockchain (VChain). Based on these blockchains, two-layer data trading markets are established to manage the initial data trading in the primary market and the data resale in the secondary market. Pricing mechanisms are proposed to protect the formulated data trading markets against strategic trading behaviors and balance the payoffs of both suppliers and users. In the regular data trading on VChain-S2D, two auction models are used to deal with users' strategic bidding in terms of the demand scale, where the incentive-compatible Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) model is dedicated to the low-demand trading scenario, while the nearly incentive-compatible Monopolistic Price (MP) model is for the high-demand trading scenario. In the temporary data trading on VChain-D2S, a reverse auction mechanism named Two-Stage Obscure Selection (TSOS) is designed to regulate both suppliers' quoting and users' valuation strategies. Moreover, experiments are carried out to validate our theoretical analysis. Our work is expected to enhance the data security and improve the trading efficiency. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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