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YOLOCSP-PEST for Crops Pest Localization and Classification

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2373-2388页

作者： Farooq Ali Huma Qayyum Kashif Saleem Iftikhar Ahmad Muhammad Javed Iqbal Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Engineering College of Applied Studies&Community ServiceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan

Preservation of the crops depends on early and accurate detection of pests on crops as they cause several diseases decreasing crop production and quality. Several deep-learning techniques have been applied to overcome the issue of pest detection on crops. We have developed the YOLOCSP-PEST model for Pest localization and classification. With the Cross Stage Partial Network (CSPNET) backbone, the proposed model is a modified version of You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOv7) that is intended primarily for pest localization and classification. Our proposed model gives exceptionally good results under conditions that are very challenging for any other comparable models especially conditions where we have issues with the luminance and the orientation of the images. It helps farmers working out on their crops in distant areas to determine any infestation quickly and accurately on their crops which helps in the quality and quantity of the production yield. The model has been trained and tested on 2 datasets namely the IP102 data set and a local crop data set on both of which it has shown exceptional results. It gave us a mean average precision (mAP) of 88.40% along with a precision of 85.55% and a recall of 84.25% on the IP102 dataset meanwhile giving a mAP of 97.18% on the local data set along with a recall of 94.88% and a precision of 97.50%. These findings demonstrate that the proposed model is very effective in detecting real-life scenarios and can help in the production of crops improving the yield quality and quantity at the same time.

关键词： Deep learning classification of pests YOLOCSP-PEST pest detection

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KAnoCLIP: Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection through Knowledge-Driven Prompt Learning and Enhanced Cross-Modal Integration

KAnoCLIP: Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection through Knowledge-Driv...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Li, Chengyuan Zhou, Suyang Kong, Jieping Qi, Lei Xue, Hui College of Software Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) identifies anomalies without needing training samples from the target dataset, essential for scenarios with privacy concerns or limited data. Vision-language models like CLIP show potential in ZSAD but have limitations: relying on manually crafted fixed textual descriptions or anomaly prompts is time-consuming and prone to semantic ambiguity, and CLIP struggles with pixel-level anomaly segmentation, focusing more on global semantics than local details. To address these limitations, We introduce KAnoCLIP, a novel ZSAD framework that leverages vision-language models. KAnoCLIP combines general knowledge from a Large Language Model (GPT-3.5) and fine-grained, image-specific knowledge from a Visual Question Answering system (Llama3) via Knowledge-Driven Prompt Learning (KnPL). KnPL uses a knowledge-driven (KD) loss function to create learnable anomaly prompts, removing the need for fixed text prompts and enhancing generalization. KAnoCLIP includes the CLIP visual encoder with V-V attention (CLIP-VV), Bi-Directional Cross-Attention for Multi-Level Cross-Modal Interaction (Bi-CMCI), and Conv-Adapter. These components preserve local visual semantics, improve local cross-modal fusion, and align global visual features with textual information, enhancing pixel-level anomaly detection. KAnoCLIP achieves state-of-the-art performance in ZSAD across 12 industrial and medical datasets, demonstrating superior generalization compared to existing methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Prompt Learning Vision-Language Models Zero-shot Anomaly Detection

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Physiological Information Preserving Video Compression for rPPG

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年第5期29卷 3563-3575页

作者： Wang, Jieying Shan, Caifeng Liu, Zhaoyang Zhou, Shuwang Shu, Minglei Shandong University of Science and Technology College of Computer Science and Engineering Qingdao266590 China Shandong University of Science and Technology College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Qingdao266590 China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology and School of Intelligence Science and Technology Nanjing210023 China Shandong Artificial Intelligence Institute Jinan250014 China

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has recently attracted much attention due to its non-contact measurement convenience and great potential in health care and computer vision applications. Early rPPG studies were mostly developed on self-collected uncompressed video data, which limited their application in scenarios that require long-distance real-time video transmission, and also hindered the generation of large-scale publicly available benchmark datasets. In recent years, with the popularization of high-definition video and the rise of telemedicine, the pressure of storage and real-time video transmission under limited bandwidth have made the compression of rPPG video inevitable. However, video compression can adversely affect rPPG measurements. This is due to the fact that conventional video compression algorithms are not specifically proposed to preserve physiological signals. Based on this, we propose a video compression scheme specifically designed for rPPG application. The proposed approach consists of three main strategies: 1) facial ROI-based computational resource reallocation;2) rPPG signal preserving bit resource reallocation;and 3) temporal domain up- and down-sampling coding. UBFC-rPPG, ECG-Fitness, and a self-collected dataset are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can preserve almost all physiological information after compressing the original video to 1/60 of its original size. The proposed method is expected to promote the development of telemedicine and deep learning techniques relying on large-scale datasets in the field of rPPG measurement. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Image compression

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Next-Generation Cybersecurity Solution: A Decentralized Ransomware Recovery Network (DRRN) with Secret Sharing

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SN computer science 2025年第5期6卷 1-22页

作者： Ali, Sijjad Wang, Jia Leung, Victor C. M. Ali, Asad College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Yuehai Campus Guangdong Shenzhen 518060 China College of Electronics and information Engineering Shenzhen University Yuehai Campus Guangdong Shenzhen 518060 China

The increasing frequency of ransomware attacks, with a reported growth rate of 59%, has exposed significant vulnerabilities in existing cybersecurity measures. Traditional defenses, such as routine data backups and endpoint protection systems, often fall short against sophisticated ransomware that encrypts data and demands exorbitant payments for decryption keys. These limitations are exacerbated by attackers leveraging centralized storage systems and static recovery methods, making data recovery costly, unreliable, and time-consuming. To address this pressing issue, this paper proposes a novel Decentralized Ransomware Recovery Network, which leverages decentralized storage and secret sharing theory to enhance data security and recovery. The proposed scheme introduces a decentralized encryption/decryption framework that distributes data and keys across the network, reducing the economic incentive for attackers by enabling secure and reliable data recovery without ransom payments. At its core, the system utilizes Shamir’s Secret Sharing Scheme, where encryption keys are divided into shares and distributed among nodes. In the event of an attack, these shares are reconstructed to restore access to the encrypted files. Additionally, the proposed scheme incorporates a dynamic key reconfiguration mechanism, where keys are updated after each recovery process to thwart repeated attacks. Through extensive simulations and evaluations under various scenarios, the proposed scheme demonstrates superior performance in terms of recovery efficiency, security resilience, and adaptability, achieving a significant reduction in attack success rates. By offering a robust and preventative defense mechanism, this research highlights the novelty and practicality of the proposed scheme as an effective cybersecurity strategy against ransomware. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Cybersecurity defense Decentralized Ransomware Recovery Network (DRRN) Ransomware Resilience Secret sharing schemes

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Joint-Wise Distributed Perception Graph Convolutional Network for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition

Joint-Wise Distributed Perception Graph Convolutional Networ...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Huang, Qian Geng, Qiang Chen, Zhaoyu Li, Xin Li, Yangyang Li, Xing College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University China College of Information Science and Technology & Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Forestry University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Recent studies have achieved remarkable results for action recognition with human skeletal data by utilizing graph convolutional models. Traditional approaches typically aggregate local spatio-temporal information bottom-up to form a single spatio-temporal global understanding. However, this method may fail to achieve multi-location perception for fine-grained action capture and may struggle to model subactions due to their varying durations. To solve these challenges, we design a Distributed Spatio-temporal Perception (DSP) module that innovatively treats each joint as an independent perception unit, performing joint-wise distributed multi-location perception in both spatial and temporal dimensions. In addition, we introduce an Anchor Pose-driven Subaction Encoding (APSE) module, which enhances informative clues for subaction reasoning through identifying the correlations between anchor pose and subactions formed by integrating distributed spatio-temporal perception features. Based on the above work, we propose a Joint-wise Distributed Perception Graph Convolutional Network (JDP-GCN). The experiments on three widely used datasets: NTU RGB+D 60, NTU RGB+D 120, and NW-UCLA, demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Distributed Perception Graph Convolutional Network Human Action Recognition Skeleton Modality

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Fairness-Aware Budgeted Edge Server Placement for Connected Autonomous Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 4762-4776页

作者： Wu, Jintao Xu, Xiaolong Cui, Guangming Zhang, Yiwen Qi, Lianyong Dou, Wanchun Cai, Zhipeng Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computing and Intelligent Services School of Software Nanjing210044 China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Changchun130012 China Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computing and Intelligent Services School of Software China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China Anhui University School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui230031 China College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao266580 China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210023 China Georgia State University Department of Computer Science United States

Mobile edge computing (MEC) considerably enhances the capabilities and performance of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) by deploying edge servers (ESs) on roadside units (RSUs) near CAVs, thereby ensuring low-latency services. Given the constrained and costly nature of ES resources (computing, storage, and bandwidth), equitable ES utilization is critical for CAV operations. However, fairness considerations are often overlooked in current budgeted edge server placement (ESP) strategies, potentially worsening resource imbalances and compromising user experience. This paper investigates the fairness-aware budgeted edge server placement (FESP) problem within RSUs, proving its NP-hardness. To address FESP, we first propose FESP-O, an integer programming-based optimal approach for small-scale problems, followed by FESP-APX, an approximation approach for large-scale scenarios that provides near-optimal solutions. We analyze the time complexity and approximation ratio of our proposed algorithms and validate their efficacy through experiments on real-world datasets. Extensive experimental results demonstrate significant performance improvements over baseline and state-of-the-art methods, indicating practical suitability and efficiency. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Integer linear programming

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A Progressive Spectral Correction and Spatial Compensation Network for Pansharpening

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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2025年 18卷 10772-10785页

作者： Liu, Rixian Lu, Hangyuan Chi, Biwei Yang, Yong Huang, Shuying Jinhua University of Vocational Technology College of Information Engineering Jinhua321007 China Tiangong University School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin300387 China Tiangong University School of Software Tianjin300387 China

Pansharpening aims to produce a high resolution multispectral image by fusing a panchromatic image with a low-resolution multispectral image. Current pansharpening methods often overlook the significant modality differences between source images and lack interaction between them, resulting in spatial-spectral distortions. To address these issues, we proposed a novel progressive spectral correction and spatial compensation network for pansharpening. The network comprises a spectral correction branch, a spatial compensation branch, and a spectral-spatial fusion (SSF) branch. In the spectral correction branch, we designed a local spectral reinforcement (LSR) module and a global spectral rectification (GSR) module to keep the spectral fidelity. The LSR module is designed to reinforce the unique local information from different kinds of spectral features, while the GSR module captures long-range dependency and rectifies the spectral features with a cross-attention mechanism. In the spatial compensation branch, we designed a multiscale dilated adaptive feature extraction module guided by spectral and spatial attention to extract useful spatial details, and the details are progressively compensated into the SSF branch to better keep spatial fidelity. The SSF branch is designed to interact with spectral correction branch and spatial compensation branch to mitigate the modal difference and progressively optimize the spectral-spatial information. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed method outperforms current state-of-the-art pansharpening methods. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Remote sensing

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KAN-HyperpointNet for Point Cloud Sequence-Based 3D Human Action Recognition

KAN-HyperpointNet for Point Cloud Sequence-Based 3D Human Ac...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Chen, Zhaoyu Li, Xing Huang, Qian Geng, Qiang Yang, Tianjin Han, Shihao College of Information Science and Technology & Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Forestry University China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Point cloud sequence-based 3D action recognition has achieved impressive performance and efficiency. However, existing point cloud sequence modeling methods cannot adequately balance the precision of limb micro-movements with the integrity of posture macro-structure, leading to the loss of crucial information cues in action inference. To overcome this limitation, we introduce D-Hyperpoint, a novel data type generated through a D-Hyperpoint Embedding module. D-Hyperpoint encapsulates both regional-momentary motion and global-static posture, effectively summarizing the unit human action at each moment. In addition, we present a D-Hyperpoint KANsMixer module, which is recursively applied to nested groupings of D-Hyperpoints to learn the action discrimination information and creatively integrates Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) to enhance spatio-temporal interaction within D-Hyperpoints. Finally, we propose KAN-HyperpointNet, a spatio-temporal decoupled network architecture for 3D action recognition. Extensive experiments on two public datasets: MSR Action3D and NTU-RGB+D 60, demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our method. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： 3D action recognition D-Hyperpoint KAN-HyperpointNet point cloud sequence

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Runtime Verification of Neural-Symbolic Systems 10th

Runtime Verification of Neural-Symbolic Systems

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10th International Symposium on Dependable software engineering: Theories, Tools and Applications, SETTA 2024

作者： Deng, Shaojun Liu, Wanwei Zhang, Miaomiao College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China School of Software Engineering Tongji Uniersity Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819606016

Neural-symbolic systems (NSSs), which are typically cyber-physical systems integrated with artificial intelligence modules, have received much attention in both academic and industrial fields. However, thorough verification (such as model checking) of such systems in general leads to prohibitively high costs due to the scale of the state space, and this makes it barely accomplishable within desired time-span. Consequently, light-weight verification techniques are introduced to deal with such cases, e.g., runtime verification (RV, for short). In this paper, we investigate an RV framework for NSSs against signal temporal logic (STL) properties. To guarantee that the on-line monitoring could be accomplished in time, we utilize Euler-prediction to sample the system under scrutiny at discrete time-steps. Our framework supports both qualitative and quantitative on-line monitoring of STL specifications, and thus it terminates whenever a property is satisfied and/or violated by a finite prefix of the trajectory, and it can also provide the bounds of the quantitative satisfaction/violation w.r.t. the remaining execution. Notably, for the so-called piece-wise linear NSSs against affine STL formulas, our approach is exact. On top of it, a prototype tool is implemented, and is experimentally evaluated. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the presented runtime verification approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Model checking

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VisualRWKV: Exploring Recurrent Neural Networks for Visual Language Models 31

VisualRWKV: Exploring Recurrent Neural Networks for Visual L...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Hou, Haowen Zeng, Peigen Ma, Fei Yu, Fei Richard Shenzhen China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shool of Information Technology Carleton University Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have rapidly progressed with the recent success of large language models. However, there have been few attempts to incorporate efficient linear Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) architectures into VLMs. In this study, we introduce VisualRWKV, the first application of a linear RNN model to multimodal learning tasks, leveraging the pre-trained RWKV language model. We propose a data-dependent recurrence and sandwich prompts to enhance our modeling capabilities, along with a 2D image scanning mechanism to enrich the processing of visual sequences. Extensive experiments demonstrate that VisualRWKV achieves competitive performance compared to Transformer-based models like LLaVA-1.5 on various benchmarks. Compared to LLaVA-1.5, VisualRWKV has a speed advantage of 3.98 times and can save 54% of GPU memory when reaching an inference length of 24K tokens. To facilitate further research and analysis, we have made the checkpoints and the associated code publicly accessible at the following GitHub repository: https://***/howard-hou/VisualRWKV. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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