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When Crowdsensing Meets Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Survey and New Perspectives

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年第2期27卷 1101-1151页

作者： Wang, Zhenning Cao, Yue Jiang, Kai Zhou, Huan Kang, Jiawen Zhuang, Yuan Tian, Daxin Leung, Victor C. M. Wuhan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430072 China Northwestern Polytechnical University College of Computer Xi’an710129 China Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan430079 China Beihang University School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen518061 China The University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Crowdsensing has received widespread attention in recent years. It is extensively employed in smart cities and intelligent transportation systems. This paper comprehensively surveys the latest research advancements in crowdsensing for smart cities from a novel perspective. Specifically, this paper is categorized according to sensing entities in smart cities, including human-oriented sensing, vehicle-oriented sensing, and infrastructure-oriented sensing. Meanwhile, the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted sensing in recent years is also summarized, accompanied by a timeline of related research. To facilitate easy comprehension, we have positioned the reading flow into the corresponding architectures, resolved problems, existing technical solutions, and specific application scenarios for different sensing entities. In particular, the problems to be solved are further analyzed from four technical perspectives, namely mathematics and operational research, artificial intelligence and machine learning, incentive mechanisms, security and privacy protection. Based on the proposed taxonomy, recent studies are thoroughly investigated to illustrate the current state of research in crowdsensing. Furthermore, this paper highlights the emerging applications of human-oriented and vehicle-oriented sensing in smart cities, as well as the frameworks, platforms, simulators, and datasets involved in crowdsensing. Finally, this paper discusses research directions related to crowdsensing in smart cities, such as digital twins, metaverses, and artificial intelligence-generated content. The primary goal of this survey is to review and synthesize prior research, identify potential avenues for future research, and explore opportunities for collaboration with other relevant research domains. © 1998-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Smart city

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A Nature-Inspired AI Framework for Accurate Glaucoma Diagnosis

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 539-567页

作者： Jahanzaib Latif Ahsan Wajahat Alishba Tahir Anas Bilal Mohammed Zakariah Abeer Alnuaim School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Shifa College of Medicine Shifa Tameer-e-millat UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan College of Information Science and Technology Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou571158China Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia

Glaucoma,a leading cause of blindness,demands early detection for effective *** AI-based diagnostic systems are gaining traction,their performance is often limited by challenges such as varying image backgrounds,pixel intensity inconsistencies,and object size *** address these limitations,we introduce an innovative,nature-inspired machine learning framework combining feature excitation-based dense segmentation networks(FEDS-Net)and an enhanced gray wolf optimization-supported support vectormachine(IGWO-SVM).This dual-stage approach begins with FEDS-Net,which utilizes a fuzzy integral(FI)technique to accurately segment the optic cup(OC)and optic disk(OD)from retinal images,even in the presence of uncertainty and *** the second stage,the IGWO-SVM model optimizes the SVM classification process,leveraging a gray wolf-inspired optimization strategy to fine-tune the kernel function for superior *** testing on three benchmark glaucoma image databases DRIONS-DB,Drishti-GS,and Rim-One-r3 demonstrates the efficacy of our method,achieving classification accuracies of 97.65%,94.88%,and 93.2%,*** results surpass existing state-of-the-art techniques,offering a promising solution for reliable and early glaucoma detection.

关键词： Glaucoma fundus images machine learning nature-inspired algorithm segmentation classification

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SA-ResNet:An Intrusion Detection Method Based on Spatial Attention Mechanism and Residual Neural Network Fusion

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 3335-3350页

作者： Zengyu Cai Yuming Dai Jianwei Zhang Yuan Feng School of Computer Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450066China College of Software Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450066China Faculty of Information Engineering Xuchang Vocational Technical CollegeXuchang461000China School of Electronic Information Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450066China

The rapid development and widespread adoption of Internet technology have significantly increased Internet traffic,highlighting the growing importance of network *** Detection Systems(IDS)are essential for safeguarding network *** address the low accuracy of existing intrusion detection models in identifying network attacks,this paper proposes an intrusion detection method based on the fusion of Spatial Attention mechanism and Residual Neural Network(SA-ResNet).Utilizing residual connections can effectively capture local features in the data;by introducing a spatial attention mechanism,the global dependency relationships of intrusion features can be extracted,enhancing the intrusion recognition model’s focus on the global features of intrusions,and effectively improving the accuracy of intrusion *** proposed model in this paper was experimentally verified on theNSL-KDD *** experimental results showthat the intrusion recognition accuracy of the intrusion detection method based on SA-ResNet has reached 99.86%,and its overall accuracy is 0.41% higher than that of traditional Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models.

关键词： Intrusion detection deep learning residual neural network spatial attention mechanism

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MFT: Modal Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Fusion in 3D Object Detection

MFT: Modal Fusion Transformer for Cross-Modal Fusion in 3D O...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Cai, Haojie Yin, Dongfu Yu, Fei Xiong, Siting Shenzhen University Shenzhen China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Increasing attention has been garnered by LiDAR points and multi-view images fusion based on Transformer for supplementing another modality in 3D object detection. However, challenges persist for cross-modal fusion methods due to the heterogeneity of these two modalities, leading to issues such as inaccurate detection results encountered by Transformer-based methods. In this work, a one-way mid-level fusion based framework for 3D object detection named Modal Fusion Transformer (MFT) using LiDAR points and multi-view images is introduced. It comprises a Depth-Guided Generation(DGG) module, Position Encoding Generation (PEG) module and Cross Modal Fusion(CMF) module. Specifically, depth information from point cloud is utilized for both gathering the image depth map and initializing object queries in DGG. PEG unifies the form of position encoding from LiDAR features and multi-view image features. Depth and position information of object from images is aggregated to point clouds by CMF, which fully explores dual-modal information. Furthermore, a Modal Fusion Network with deformable attention named fast-MFT is introduced to reduce the relatively large computational cost associated with global attention. Our MFT and fast-MFT achieve competitive performance while maintaining a faster inference speed than other models. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： 3D Object Detection Autonomous Driving Cross-Modal Transformer Positional Embedding Speed comparison

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A novel surrogate model with deep learning for predicting spacial-temporal pressure in coalbed methane reservoirs

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Natural Gas Industry B 2025年第2期12卷 219-233页

作者： Dong, Yukun Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Jiyuan Wu, Kuankuan Liu, Shuaiwei Qingdao Institute of Software College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Oil & Gas Industrial Software China

Coalbed methane (CBM) is a vital unconventional energy resource, and predicting its spatiotemporal pressure dynamics is crucial for efficient development strategies. This paper proposes a novel deep learning–based data-driven surrogate model, AxialViT-ConvLSTM, which integrates AxialAttention Vision Transformer, ConvLSTM, and an enhanced loss function to predict pressure dynamics in CBM reservoirs. The results showed that the model achieves a mean square error of 0.003, a learned perceptual image patch similarity of 0.037, a structural similarity of 0.979, and an R² of 0.982 between predictions and actual pressures, indicating excellent performance. The model also demonstrates strong robustness and accuracy in capturing spatial–temporal pressure features. © 2025 Sichuan Petroleum Administration

关键词： AxialAttention Vision Transformer Coalbed methane ConvLSTM Deep learning Spatial-temporal pressure prediction Surrogate models

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Building LOD representation for 3D urban scenes

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ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2025年 226卷 16-32页

作者： Shanshan Pan Runze Zhang Yilin Liu Minglun Gong Hui Huang College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science University of Guelph Guelph Canada

The advances in 3D reconstruction technology, such as photogrammetry and LiDAR scanning, have made it easier to reconstruct accurate and detailed 3D models for urban scenes. Nevertheless, these reconstructed models often contain a large number of geometry primitives, making interactive manipulation and rendering challenging, especially on resource-constrained devices like virtual reality platforms. Therefore, the generation of appropriate levels-of-detail (LOD) representations for these models is crucial. Additionally, automatically reconstructed 3D models tend to suffer from noise and lack semantic information. Dealing with these issues and creating LOD representations that are robust against noise while capturing semantic meaning present significant challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to address these challenges. We begin by analyzing the properties of planar primitives detected from the input and group these primitives into multiple level sets by forming meaningful 3D structures. These level sets form the nodes of our innovative LOD-Tree. By selecting nodes at appropriate depths within the LOD-Tree, different LOD representations can be generated. Experimental results on real and complex urban scenes demonstrate the merits of our approach in generating clean, accurate, and semantically meaningful LOD representations.

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MLPFormer: MLP-integrated transformer for colorectal histopathology whole slide image segmentation

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4651-4661页

作者： Wang, Yuxuan Li, Dan Li, Xuechen Guo, Yan Zuo, Yanfei Shen, Linlin Department of Computer Science Wenzhou-Kean University Wenzhou China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Wuyi University Jiangmen China Department of Histo Pathology Shanghai Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center Shanghai China College of Computer Sicence and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

Colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia is a precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer, which is mainly diagnosed using pathological images. According to the characteristics of lesions, precancerous lesions can be classified into four different grades, i.e., background, normal, low and high level. However, due to the continuity of lesion development, tissue in different stages has high similarity. Recently, visual transformers have achieved impressive results in different visual tasks, due to their capacity of capturing long-range dependencies. However, due to computational cost, transformer cannot well extract detailed feature, which is important for lesion grading. To accurately segment pathological tissues with high similarity, in this work, we embed the multi-head MLP mixer module in the transformer network to extract cell and edge information. Furthermore, we propose a hierarchical MLP decoder to facilitate multi-scale feature fusion. The proposed transformer, namely MLPFormer, achieves remarkable results against competitive baselines on the Histo-CRC Biopsy dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that MLPFormer significantly outperforms the competitive baselines, i.e., a 3% dice improvement is achieved over the SegFormer series. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Accelerating Blockchain Application Development: Integrating Blockchain as a Service Within Low-Code Platforms 7th

Accelerating Blockchain Application Development: Integrating...

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7th International Conference on Blockchain, ICBC 2024, Held as Part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2024

作者： He, Sheng Huang, Qinglin Jiao, Shaoshuai Lin, Zepeng Lin, Jinxuan Ren, Jun Xiong, Dengbin Zhang, Liang-Jie National Engineering Research Center for Supporting Software of Enterprise Internet Services Shenzhen518057 China Kingdee Research Kingdee International Software Group Co. Ltd. Shenzhen518057 China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031770944

The integration of Blockchain as a Service (BaaS) within the Low-Code Development Platforms (LCDPs) is expected to revolutionize the speed and accessibility of blockchain application development. This paper explores the synergy between BaaS and the low-code or no-code development environments in Platform as a Service (PaaS) frameworks, examining opportunities, challenges, and implications for developers and organizations. LCDPs have gained popularity for simplifying application creation, empowering a broad spectrum of developers from citizen developers to experienced professionals. Concurrently, blockchain technology offers enhanced security and transparency but traditionally requires specialized skills for implementation. By embedding BaaS capabilities within LCDPs, developers can leverage blockchain benefits without extensive expertise, streamlining development processes and accelerating time-to-market for blockchain applications. Additionally, it addresses challenges related to security, scalability, and the complexity of managing blockchain operations within simplified development environments. By presenting best practices and identifying opportunities, this paper aims to contribute to the advancement of accessible and efficient blockchain application development. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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VmPTP: Precise Time Protocol for Inter-VM Communication in Embedded Virtualized Systems

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第3期44卷 897-910页

作者： Zhao, Sirong Xie, Guoqi Ma, Wenhong Ren, Wei Li, Kenli Hunan University Key Laboratory for Embedded and Network Computing of Hunan Province College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan Changsha410082 China Huawei Technology Co. Ltd. Central Software Institute Guangdong Shenzhen518129 China

System virtualization techniques are gradually applied to embedded systems with the performance improvement of embedded devices;however, there is a large time offset (i.e., deviation) of hundreds of ms between virtual machines (VMs) due to the drift of the virtualization abstraction layer and the jitter phenomenon. It is urgent to significantly reduce this offset by time synchronization techniques. Unfortunately, the current mainstream time synchronization software (e.g., Chrony and LinuxPTP) cannot be used in the embedded virtualized system connected by the fieldbus, such as controller area network (CAN);meanwhile, drift correction-based time synchronization techniques dedicated to CAN bus cannot be utilized for virtualized systems. In this study, we design a general vmPTP, which is a precise time protocol (PTP) for inter-VM communication in embedded virtualized systems based on Linux kernel-based VM (KVM). This is the first time synchronization work focused on embedded virtualized systems. We implement two vmPTP versions based on VirtIO and inter-VM shared memory (IVSHMEM) according to the four message (i.e., packet) exchanges of PTP. We propose an asymmetry compensation strategy to solve the problem of asymmetric rate of I/O operations in the message exchange process, which optimizes the offset computation. We further produce a convergence stopping approach which can continuously converge the offset until the offset is within the given bound and stop. We conduct experimental evaluations on both X86-64 and ARM64 architectures. For two versions of vmPTP, the experimental results show that: 1) the offsets are always within 1μ s on two architectures;2) the offsets are less than that of LinuxPTP and Chrony;and 3) the vmPTP's CPU and memory utilization on the X86-64 architecture are merely 0.3% and 0.1%, respectively, whereas those on the ARM64 architecture are 3.8% and 0.1%, respectively. We experiment with vmPTP in real-time application and the result demonstrates th

关键词： Linux

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Two dimensional DOA estimation of coherent signals based on covariance matrix element transformation 24

Two dimensional DOA estimation of coherent signals based on ...

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8th International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and computer engineering, EITCE 2024

作者： Qu, Zhiyu Wu, Xu Geng, Zhenya College of Information Science and Engineering Hohai University Jiangsu Nanjing China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Jiangsu Nanjing China The 49th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Heilongjiang Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710094

Traditional Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms for coherent signals in uniform circular array (UCA), such as mode space transformation, allow for the adaptation of advanced algorithms initially developed for uniform linear arrays to be applied effectively in UCA. However, after mode space transformation, the array will encounter aperture loss and will also be unable to perform two-dimensional DOA estimation effectively. In this paper, we propose a new method that that integrates covariance matrix element transformation with the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) to estimate the DOA of coherent signals in various symmetric antenna arrays, including UCA. The algorithm leverages the phase difference symmetry of the antenna array to decorrelate the incoming signals, effectively restoring the full rank of the covariance matrix. Subsequently, it employs two-dimensional MUSIC for DOA estimation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Covariance matrix

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