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Blockchain-based layered architecture for traceability in dairy supply chain management

International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-8页

作者： Sharma, Deepti Singh, Gurpreet Kaur, Amanpreet Department of Computer Science & Engineering Giani Zail Singh Campus College of Engineering and Technology Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University (MRSPTU) Punjab Bathinda India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Punjab Institute of Technology Rajpura (MRSPTU Bathinda) Punjab Rajpura India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chitkara University Institute of Engineering & Technology Chitkara University Punjab India

Securing the availability of high-quality and safe food for people is the primary goal of food supply chain systems. Traditional food supply systems have inherent difficulties such as the possibility of data loss, consistency problems with the product, quality compromises, and single points of failure. Blockchain technology exhibits significant potential because of its auditability, immutability, and decentralization. Thus, blockchain-based layered architecture is proposed in the given paper to guarantee traceability of dairy products and information sharing across supply chain participants. The proposed architecture is based on the concept of sharding, which is based on the idea of parallel processing. Other components of the dairy supply chain, including quality assurance, automated payment settlements, sales analysis, and consumption monitoring, are also supported by the proposed architecture. For overall implementation, Hyperledger Fabric is used, and the algorithms for all the chain codes used for traceability of dairy items are described. A comparative analysis of Hyperledger-based systems and other existing approaches is presented, which shows the suitability of the platform for supply chain networks. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Blockchain Chain codes Dairy supply chain management Smart Contracts Traceability

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Enabling Robust Security in MQTT-Based IoT Networks with Dynamic Resource-Aware Key Sharing 4

Enabling Robust Security in MQTT-Based IoT Networks with Dyn...

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4th International Conference on Evolutionary Computing and Mobile Sustainable Networks, ICECMSN 2024

作者： Kaganurmath, Sharadadevi Cholli, Nagaraj Department of Computer Science Engineering Global Academy of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Information Science Engineering RV College of Engineering Bengaluru India

This paper presents a novel approach aimed at developing a secure secret key-sharing system optimized for resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Focusing on the MQTT protocol, the research endeavors to establish secure communication channels between IoT devices and brokers, thereby enhancing the overall security of MQTT-based IoT deployments. This research introduces a novel Dynamic Lightweight Authentication for MQTT (DLA-MQTT) mechanism designed to the unique needs of IoT devices operating under the MQTT protocol. The DLA-MQTT mechanism leverages an innovative lightweight Generalized Feedback Shift Register (GFSR)-based Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) to generate ephemeral keys, ensuring secure communication while addressing the limitations of computational power and energy resources. Through a detailed comparative analysis with existing cryptographic solutions, the DLA-MQTT mechanism demonstrates superior performance in terms of computational overhead, energy consumption, and execution time, while maintaining robust security against common attacks such as Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) and Denial of Service (DoS). he proposed algorithm's adaptability and scalability are validated using the Cooja simulator, where simulated IoT networks are subjected to various threat scenarios. The results confirm the DLA-MQTT mechanism's efficacy, showcasing a significant reduction in resource utilization without compromising the strength of the security provided. © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Shift registers

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Supervised Learning-Driven Emotion Recognition through Facial Landmark Trajectories Enhanced by SMOTE Methodology

Supervised Learning-Driven Emotion Recognition through Facia...

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2025 AI-Driven Smart Healthcare for Society 5.0, AdSoc5.0 2025

作者： Kar, Ishita Chatterjee, Mehuli Manna, Sukanya Das, Akash Dutta, Stobak Department of Computer Science and Engineering St Thomas’ College of Engineering and Technology Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331536336

The study highlights the importance of facial landmark trajectories in understanding mental health by investigating the application of supervised learning systems to identify emotions. Diagnoses and treatment plans are impacted by the difficulty in recognizing and controlling emotions, which are intrinsically tied to mental health. Although physiological signals like ECG and EEG are accurate, they have drawbacks including expense and user discomfort. Because they are noninvasive, facial landmarks present a viable substitute for practical uses. Using information from the ASCERTAIN dataset, this study divided emotions into four valence-arousal plane quadrants: High Arousal High Valence (HAHV), High Arousal Low Valence (HALV), Low Arousal High Valence (LAHV), and Low Arousal Low Valence (LALV). Algorithms including Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were used to solve a 4-class classification problem. A common problem, class imbalance, was lessened by employing the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). The study showed that SMOTE greatly enhanced predictions for minority classes, particularly for LALV, whereas classifiers strongly preferred the majority class in the absence of balance. Despite possible overfitting, Decision Tree has the greatest true positive rate among classifiers for LALV after SMOTE application. The findings demonstrate developments in emotional computing and provide information for applications in mental health support and human-computer interaction. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： k-nearest neighbors

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Research on Pupil Segmentation Network Based on Improved TransUNet 8

Research on Pupil Segmentation Network Based on Improved Tra...

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8th International Conference on computer Graphics and Virtuality, ICCGV 2025

作者： Jianting, Liu Huazhong, Xiang Zexi, Zheng Dawei, Zhang Songlin, Zhuang College of Health Sciences and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China College of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China College of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689213

To address the critical challenge of pupil segmentation accuracy in medical image analysis, this paper proposes an innovative pupil segmentation method based on an enhanced TransUNet deep neural network. The proposed architecture introduces three key improvements: a novel multi-kernel self-selective attention mechanism that optimizes local feature extraction through weighted fusion of different convolution modules;a modified cross-attention Transformer that enables efficient parallel processing of spatial information in both horizontal and vertical dimensions;and an advanced feature fusion module that effectively integrates global and local information through multi-scale feature weighting. Extensive experiments on the OpenEDS dataset demonstrate the method's superior performance, achieving state-of-the-art results with average precision of 97.7%, average recall of 97.41%, and average Dice coefficient of 98.15%. These significant improvements in segmentation accuracy not only advance the field of medical image analysis but also provide a robust foundation for applications in ophthalmological diagnosis, human-computer interaction, and cognitive science research. The proposed methodology offers valuable insights into designing efficient attention mechanisms for medical image segmentation tasks, contributing to both theoretical understanding and practical applications in healthcare imaging systems. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Twin attention based multi-task convolutional bidirectional long short term memory for facial expression recognition

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 8037-8070页

作者： Sreenivas, Velagapudi Sivaneasan, B. Vani, K. Suvarna Chakrabarti, Prasun Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore138683 Singapore Engineering Cluster Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore138683 Singapore Department of Computer Science and Engineering AI/ML Research Group Head VR Siddhartha Engineering College Andhra Pradesh Vijayawada520007 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sir Padampat Singhania University Rajasthan Udaipur313601 India

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) aims to detect the emotional state of facial images. It is playing an increasingly important role in several application areas, including human–computer interaction (HCI), video transcriptions, and social communications. This article provides an adequate attention-based multi-task deep learning method for facial expression recognition. First, the input videos are collected from the RAVDESS and MELD datasets. Then, the input videos are converted using a threshold-based keyframe extraction algorithm. Next, the input data is pre-processed using the Adaptive Pixel Density Median Filtering (A-PDMF) method. Key features such as shape, color and texture are extracted from the pre-processed images. Finally, the facial expressions are recognized by proposing a novel twin attention-based multi-task convolutional bidirectional long-short-term memory method (TA-MC-BiLSTM). In addition, the classification parameters are optimally tuned using the EX-AHA method (Extended Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm). The proposed model reduces the size of facial features while accurately identifying the wide range of facial expressions. For simulation, the proposed method prefers python tool and results are analyzed using RAVDESS and MELD datasets. The simulation results show that the proposed model provides better results than other existing models in terms of accuracy of 99.6% for RAVEDESS and 99.4% for MELD. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Pixels

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An AI-Enabled Framework for Transparency and Interpretability in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5057-5078页

作者： Isha Kiran Shahzad Ali Sajawal ur Rehman Khan Musaed Alhussein Sheraz Aslam Khursheed Aurangzeb Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore39161Pakistan Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie Alma Mater Studiorum—Universita di BolognaBologna40126Italy Department of Information Sciences University of EducationLahore54770Pakistan Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityKarachi CampusKarachi74900Pakistan Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityFaisalabad37610Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineeringand InformaticsCyprus University of TechnologyLimassol3036Cyprus Department of Computer Science CTL EurocollegeLimassol3077Cyprus

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains a leading global health challenge due to its high mortality rate and the complexity of early diagnosis,driven by risk factors such as hypertension,high cholesterol,and irregular pulse *** diagnostic methods often struggle with the nuanced interplay of these risk factors,making early detection *** this research,we propose a novel artificial intelligence-enabled(AI-enabled)framework for CVD risk prediction that integrates machine learning(ML)with eXplainable AI(XAI)to provide both high-accuracy predictions and transparent,interpretable *** to existing studies that typically focus on either optimizing ML performance or using XAI separately for local or global explanations,our approach uniquely combines both local and global interpretability using Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME)and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP).This dual integration enhances the interpretability of the model and facilitates clinicians to comprehensively understand not just what the model predicts but also why those predictions are made by identifying the contribution of different risk factors,which is crucial for transparent and informed decision-making in *** framework uses ML techniques such as K-nearest neighbors(KNN),gradient boosting,random forest,and decision tree,trained on a cardiovascular ***,the integration of LIME and SHAP provides patient-specific insights alongside global trends,ensuring that clinicians receive comprehensive and actionable *** experimental results achieve 98%accuracy with the Random Forest model,with precision,recall,and F1-scores of 97%,98%,and 98%,*** innovative combination of SHAP and LIME sets a new benchmark in CVD prediction by integrating advanced ML accuracy with robust interpretability,fills a critical gap in existing *** framework paves the way for more explainable and transparent decision-making in he

关键词： Artificial Intelligence cardiovascular disease(CVD) explainability eXplainable AI(XAI) interpretability LIME machine learning(ML) SHAP

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Feature Contrast Difference and Enhanced Network for RGB-D Indoor Scene Classification in Internet of Things

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17610-17621页

作者： Zhou, Wujie Jian, Bitao Liu, Yuanyuan Zhejiang University of Science and Technology School of Information and Electronic Engineering Hangzhou310023 China China University of Geosciences School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 308232 Singapore

The era of smart connectivity spawned by the Internet of Things (IoT) has made the need to achieve environmental perception and understanding of different scenarios increasingly urgent. Among the many scenarios, indoor scene classification has attracted much attention because of its its relevance to the daily lives of people, ranging from comfort regulation in living spaces to the optimal allocation of resources in offices, and a variety of approaches for this task have emerged. However, increasing accuracy remains a crucial objective due to the complexity and disorder of indoor scenes. Therefore, we propose a feature contrast difference and enhanced network for RGB-D indoor scene classification, FCDENet. First, the RGB and Depth images express different information. Therefore, we built a feature contrast difference module for the first two low-level features to extend the receptive fields of the different features, utilizing differential contrast to complement each other. Second, the high-level feature semantic information is abstract. Therefore, we introduced information cluster blocks, which are used to aggregate feature points with similar attributes into compact clusters after being parsed by an initial frequency transform, enabling instantiated representations of the semantic information. Finally, to further enhance the integrated features, we introduced a wavelet transform block in the cross-layer decoding process. In contrast to conventional decoding methods, we employed a wavelet transform for initial denoising cross-layer features and used multiple pooling structures to supplement local information, gradually weighting to achieve higher prediction accuracy. Extensive experiments on two typical indoor datasets, NYUDv2 and SUN RGB-D, show that our results exhibit excellent performance. In addition, to better demonstrate the reliability of the method, we conducted generalizability experiments on other datasets, and the proposed method provides a robust soluti

关键词： Wavelet decomposition

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Enhancing object detection for visually impaired integrating YOLOv8 with spiking EfficientDet

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-29页

作者： Biradar, Vinod Gull, Karuna C. Department of Computer Science and Engineering KLE College of Engineering & Technology Karnataka Chikodi591201 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering S. G. Balekundri Institute of Technology Belagavi Visvesvaraya Technological University Karnataka Belagavi590018 India

Object detection is a significant method in computer vision, mainly for detecting objects belonging to different classes in an image. Its applications are widely spread to video surveillance, human tracking, autonomous vehicles, and assistive technologies for sight-impaired individuals. However, existing methods suffer from accurately identifying an object and its respective classes due to misidentifying or failing to identify smaller objects. Therefore, this research proposes a new object detection model called You Only Look Once version 8 with Spiking EfficientDet (Yv8SED) that improves detection accuracy, reducing wrong classification with particular emphasis on smaller objects. This model is beneficial in assistive devices for the navigation and safety of a visually-impaired person. The Yv8SED method provides excellent object detection performance with reduced time and cost, making it an efficient methodology for different object detection tasks. The segmentation process is improved through SegNet, which efficiently separates the object from the image. Moreover, the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm (HOA) is used to optimize error parameters in the proposed method, thereby improving efficiency and robustness in the object detection process. Experimental results proved the efficiency of the proposed method, with mAP at 95% and mean Average Recall (mAR) at 93% on the COCO dataset and mAP and mAR at 95% and 98%, respectively, on the VOC dataset. These results verify the efficacy and reliability of the proposed method for object detection, particularly for enhancing assistive technologies for the blind and visually impaired. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Object detection

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Cat Swarm Algorithm Generated Based on Genetic Programming Framework Applied in Digital Watermarking

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 3135-3163页

作者： Shu-Chuan Chu Libin Fu Jeng-Shyang Pan Xingsi Xue Min Liu School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210000China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266000China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung40601TaiwanChina School of Information Science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350000China Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resource Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210000China

Evolutionary algorithms have been extensively utilized in practical ***,manually designed population updating formulas are inherently prone to the subjective influence of the *** programming(GP),characterized by its tree-based solution structure,is a widely adopted technique for optimizing the structure of mathematical models tailored to real-world *** paper introduces a GP-based framework(GPEAs)for the autonomous generation of update formulas,aiming to reduce human *** modifications to tree-based GP have been instigated,encompassing adjustments to its initialization process and fundamental update operations such as crossover and mutation within the *** designing suitable function sets and terminal sets tailored to the selected evolutionary algorithm,and ultimately derive an improved update *** Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm(CSO)is chosen as a case study,and the GP-EAs is employed to regenerate the speed update formulas of the *** validate the feasibility of the GP-EAs,the comprehensive performance of the enhanced algorithm(GP-CSO)was evaluated on the CEC2017 benchmark ***,GP-CSO is applied to deduce suitable embedding factors,thereby improving the robustness of the digital watermarking *** experimental results indicate that the update formulas generated through training with GP-EAs possess excellent performance scalability and practical application proficiency.

关键词： Cat swarm algorithm genetic programming digital watermarking update mode mode generation framework

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BEDiff: denoising diffusion probabilistic models for building extraction

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第5期21卷 298-305页

作者： LEI Yanjing WANG Yuan CHAN Sixian HU Jie ZHOU Xiaolong ZHANG Hongkai College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering College of Computer and Information China Three Gorges University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety & Emergency of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Quzhou University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University

Accurately identifying building distribution from remote sensing images with complex background information is challenging. The emergence of diffusion models has prompted the innovative idea of employing the reverse denoising process to distill building distribution from these complex backgrounds. Building on this concept, we propose a novel framework, building extraction diffusion model(BEDiff), which meticulously refines the extraction of building footprints from remote sensing images in a stepwise fashion. Our approach begins with the design of booster guidance, a mechanism that extracts structural and semantic features from remote sensing images to serve as priors, thereby providing targeted guidance for the diffusion process. Additionally, we introduce a cross-feature fusion module(CFM) that bridges the semantic gap between different types of features, facilitating the integration of the attributes extracted by booster guidance into the diffusion process more effectively. Our proposed BEDiff marks the first application of diffusion models to the task of building extraction. Empirical evidence from extensive experiments on the Beijing building dataset demonstrates the superior performance of BEDiff, affirming its effectiveness and potential for enhancing the accuracy of building extraction in complex urban landscapes.

关键词： A

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