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Two-Stage Lesion Detection Approach Based on Dimension-Decomposition and 3D Context

Tsinghua Science and Technology 2022年第1期27卷 103-113页

作者： Jiacheng Jiao Haiwei Pan Chunling Chen Tao Jin Yang Dong Jingyi Chen the College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China the School of Software Tsinghua UniversityBeijng 100084China

Lesion detection in Computed Tomography(CT) images is a challenging task in the field of computer-aided *** important issue is to locate the area of lesion *** a branch of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs),3D Context-Enhanced(3DCE) frameworks are designed to detect lesions on CT *** False Positives(FPs) detected in 3DCE frameworks are usually caused by inaccurate region proposals,which slow down the inference *** solve the above problems,a new method is proposed,a dimension-decomposition region proposal network is integrated into 3DCE framework to improve the location accuracy in lesion *** the restriction of "anchors" on ratios and scales,anchors are decomposed to independent "anchor strings".Anchor segments are dynamically combined in accordance with probability,and anchor strings with different lengths dynamically compose bounding *** show that the accurate region proposals generated by our model promote the sensitivity of FPs and spend less inference time compared with the current methods.

关键词： lesion detection Computed Tomography(CT) dimension-decomposition 3D context computer-aided diagnosis

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KAnoCLIP: Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection through Knowledge-Driven Prompt Learning and Enhanced Cross-Modal Integration

KAnoCLIP: Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection through Knowledge-Driv...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Li, Chengyuan Zhou, Suyang Kong, Jieping Qi, Lei Xue, Hui College of Software Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) identifies anomalies without needing training samples from the target dataset, essential for scenarios with privacy concerns or limited data. Vision-language models like CLIP show potential in ZSAD but have limitations: relying on manually crafted fixed textual descriptions or anomaly prompts is time-consuming and prone to semantic ambiguity, and CLIP struggles with pixel-level anomaly segmentation, focusing more on global semantics than local details. To address these limitations, We introduce KAnoCLIP, a novel ZSAD framework that leverages vision-language models. KAnoCLIP combines general knowledge from a Large Language Model (GPT-3.5) and fine-grained, image-specific knowledge from a Visual Question Answering system (Llama3) via Knowledge-Driven Prompt Learning (KnPL). KnPL uses a knowledge-driven (KD) loss function to create learnable anomaly prompts, removing the need for fixed text prompts and enhancing generalization. KAnoCLIP includes the CLIP visual encoder with V-V attention (CLIP-VV), Bi-Directional Cross-Attention for Multi-Level Cross-Modal Interaction (Bi-CMCI), and Conv-Adapter. These components preserve local visual semantics, improve local cross-modal fusion, and align global visual features with textual information, enhancing pixel-level anomaly detection. KAnoCLIP achieves state-of-the-art performance in ZSAD across 12 industrial and medical datasets, demonstrating superior generalization compared to existing methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Prompt Learning Vision-Language Models Zero-shot Anomaly Detection

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A Lightweight Deep Learning-Based Model for Tomato Leaf Disease Classification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3969-3992页

作者： Naeem Ullah Javed Ali Khan Sultan Almakdi Mohammed S.Alshehri Mimonah Al Qathrady Eman Abdullah Aldakheel Doaa Sami Khafaga Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila4400Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of PhysicsEngineeringand Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldAL109ABUK Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Departments of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Tomato leaf diseases significantly impact crop production,necessitating early detection for sustainable *** Learning(DL)has recently shown excellent results in identifying and classifying tomato leaf ***,current DL methods often require substantial computational resources,hindering their application on resource-constrained *** propose the Deep Tomato Detection Network(DTomatoDNet),a lightweight DL-based framework comprising 19 learnable layers for efficient tomato leaf disease classification to overcome *** Convn kernels used in the proposed(DTomatoDNet)framework is 1×1,which reduces the number of parameters and helps in more detailed and descriptive feature extraction for *** proposed DTomatoDNet model is trained from scratch to determine the classification success rate.10,000 tomato leaf images(1000 images per class)from the publicly accessible dataset,covering one healthy category and nine disease categories,are utilized in training the proposed DTomatoDNet *** specifically,we classified tomato leaf images into Target Spot(TS),Early Blight(EB),Late Blight(LB),Bacterial Spot(BS),Leaf Mold(LM),Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus(YLCV),Septoria Leaf Spot(SLS),Spider Mites(SM),Tomato Mosaic Virus(MV),and Tomato Healthy(H).The proposed DTomatoDNet approach obtains a classification accuracy of 99.34%,demonstrating excellent accuracy in differentiating between tomato *** model could be used on mobile platforms because it is lightweight and designed with fewer *** farmers can utilize the proposed DTomatoDNet methodology to detect disease more quickly and easily once it has been integrated into mobile platforms by developing a mobile application.

关键词： CNN deep learning DTomatoDNet tomato leaf disease classification smart agriculture

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Achieving Near-Optimal Convergence for Distributed Minimax Optimization with Adaptive Stepsizes 38

Achieving Near-Optimal Convergence for Distributed Minimax O...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Huang, Yan Li, Xiang Shen, Yipeng He, Niao Xu, Jinming College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University China Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Switzerland

In this paper, we show that applying adaptive methods directly to distributed minimax problems can result in non-convergence due to inconsistency in locally computed adaptive stepsizes. To address this challenge, we propose D-AdaST, a Distributed Adaptive minimax method with Stepsize Tracking. The key strategy is to employ an adaptive stepsize tracking protocol involving the transmission of two extra (scalar) variables. This protocol ensures the consistency among stepsizes of nodes, eliminating the steady-state error due to the lack of coordination of stepsizes among nodes that commonly exists in vanilla distributed adaptive methods, and thus guarantees exact convergence. For nonconvex-strongly-concave distributed minimax problems, we characterize the specific transient times that ensure timescale separation of stepsizes and quasi-independence of networks, leading to a near-optimal convergence rate of Õ (ϵ-(4+δ)) for any small δ > 0, matching that of the centralized counterpart. To our best knowledge, D-AdaST is the first distributed adaptive method achieving near-optimal convergence without knowing any problem-dependent parameters for nonconvex minimax problems. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate our theoretical results. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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An Opposition-Based Learning-Based Search Mechanism for Flying Foxes Optimization Algorithm

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 5201-5223页

作者： Chen Zhang Liming Liu Yufei Yang Yu Sun Jiaxu Ning Yu Zhang Changsheng Zhang Ying Guo Software College Northeastern UniversityShenyang110169China School of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110159China China Telecom Digital Intelligence Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing100035China College of Computer Science and Engineering Ningxia Institute of Science and TechnologyShizuishan753000China

The flying foxes optimization(FFO)algorithm,as a newly introduced metaheuristic algorithm,is inspired by the survival tactics of flying foxes in heat wave *** preferentially selects the best-performing *** tendency will cause the newly generated solution to remain closely tied to the candidate optimal in the search *** address this issue,the paper introduces an opposition-based learning-based search mechanism for FFO algorithm(IFFO).Firstly,this paper introduces niching techniques to improve the survival list method,which not only focuses on the adaptability of individuals but also considers the population’s crowding degree to enhance the global search ***,an initialization strategy of opposition-based learning is used to perturb the initial population and elevate its ***,to verify the superiority of the improved search mechanism,IFFO,FFO and the cutting-edge metaheuristic algorithms are compared and analyzed using a set of test *** results prove that compared with other algorithms,IFFO is characterized by its rapid convergence,precise results and robust stability.

关键词： Flying foxes optimization(FFO)algorithm opposition-based learning niching techniques swarm intelligence metaheuristics evolutionary algorithms

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Identification of software Bugs by Analyzing Natural Language-Based Requirements Using Optimized Deep Learning Features

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4379-4397页

作者： Qazi Mazhar ul Haq Fahim Arif Khursheed Aurangzeb Noor ul Ain Javed Ali Khan Saddaf Rubab Muhammad Shahid Anwar Department of Computer Science and Engineering and International Bachelor’s Program in Informatics Yuan Ze UniversityZhongliTaoyuan320315Taiwan Department of Computer Science National University of PakistanRawalpindiPunjab46000Pakistan Department of Computer Software Engineering MCSNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science School of PhysicsEngineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldAL109ABUK Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Department of AI and Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-SI13120South Korea

software project outcomes heavily depend on natural language requirements,often causing diverse interpretations and issues like ambiguities and incomplete or faulty *** are exploring machine learning to predict software bugs,but a more precise and general approach is *** bug prediction is crucial for software evolution and user training,prompting an investigation into deep and ensemble learning ***,these studies are not generalized and efficient when extended to other ***,this paper proposed a hybrid approach combining multiple techniques to explore their effectiveness on bug identification *** methods involved feature selection,which is used to reduce the dimensionality and redundancy of features and select only the relevant ones;transfer learning is used to train and test the model on different datasets to analyze how much of the learning is passed to other datasets,and ensemble method is utilized to explore the increase in performance upon combining multiple classifiers in a *** National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)and four Promise datasets are used in the study,showing an increase in the model’s performance by providing better Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(AUC-ROC)values when different classifiers were *** reveals that using an amalgam of techniques such as those used in this study,feature selection,transfer learning,and ensemble methods prove helpful in optimizing the software bug prediction models and providing high-performing,useful end mode.

关键词： Natural language processing software bug prediction transfer learning ensemble learning feature selection

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Lightweight medical image segmentation network based on ghost convolution and attention mechanism 2

Lightweight medical image segmentation network based on ghos...

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2nd International Symposium on computer Applications and Information Systems, ISCAIS 2023

作者： Wang, Haoran Yu, Kun Li, Qiangqiang Guan, Qianjun Gao, Shihong College of Computer and Software Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Jiangsu Huai’an223003 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666665

Ghostnet is a lightweight image classification network proposed by Kai Han and other scholars in 2019 which was applied in terms of object detection. Ghostnet has the advantages of few parameters and high accuracy. In this paper, through the idea of transfer learning, ghost net is used as the network of feature extraction and CBAM attention mechanism is added. CBAM is not only a lightweight attention mechanism, but also a good combination of space and channels. CBAM eliminate irrelevant noise intelligences and concern to key intelligences. At the same time, the ghost convolution block is improved, and point-by point convolution is added to the ghost convolution block to obtain more image feature information. Add the squeeze and enumeration module to improve the convolution receptive field, increase the ability of the network to extract multi-scale spatial information, and introduce the residual idea to tackle the problem of information loss and gradient descent disappearance. GAUnet, designed according to the above idea, achieves better intersection and merger ratio than Unet, Unet++, DeepLabV3+and other neural networks on the multi- organ segmented chaos dataset with fewer parameters. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Convolution

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Two-Way Neural Network Performance PredictionModel Based onKnowledge Evolution and Individual Similarity

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1183-1206页

作者： Xinzheng Wang Bing Guo Yan Shen College of Computer Science Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China School of Information Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004China School of Control Engineering Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China

Predicting students’academic achievements is an essential issue in education,which can benefit many stakeholders,for instance,students,teachers,managers,*** with online courses such asMOOCs,students’academicrelateddata in the face-to-face physical teaching environment is usually sparsity,and the sample size is *** makes building models to predict students’performance accurately in such an environment even *** paper proposes a Two-WayNeuralNetwork(TWNN)model based on the bidirectional recurrentneural network and graph neural network to predict students’next semester’s course performance using only theirprevious course *** experiments on a real dataset show that our model performs better thanthe baselines in many indicators.

关键词： computer education performance prediction deep learning

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Variational Collective Graph AutoEncoder for Multi-behavior Recommendation 23

Variational Collective Graph AutoEncoder for Multi-behavior ...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2023

作者： Liu, Yang Rao, Qianzhen Pan, Weike Ming, Zhong Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307887

Variational autoencoder (VAE) is known as a classic and effective method in modeling users' homogeneous behaviors in recommender systems. In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved promising performance in learning users' preferences by modeling complex relationships between users and items. However, most VAE- and GNN-based methods are for single-behavior recommendation, rather than the more prevalent counterpart in real-world applications, i.e., multi-behavior recommendation. This motivates us to leverage VAE and GNNs to address the more important and challenging problem of multi-behavior recommendation. Traditional multi-behavior recommendation models have not captured the complex transition relationships across different types of behaviors well. Moreover, they often ignore the varying semantic strength of different types of behaviors. To tackle the above two challenges, we propose a novel multi-behavior recommendation framework named VCGAE (short for Variational Collective Graph AutoEncoder), which inherits the advantages of VAE and GNNs to fully exploit the multi-behavior data. Specifically, we design a behavior transition network that considers different transition relationships across different types of behaviors in order to learn users' personal preferences. In addition, we introduce a behavior contrastive regularization module that extracts different correlations between users' auxiliary behaviors and target behavior. By doing so, we gain a deeper understanding of the semantic strength of different behaviors, thereby improving the overall recommendation performance. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our VCGAE compared with the state-of-the-art methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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A Cooperative Multi-AUV Mobile Scheme with Optical Communication via DDPG Approach 29

A Cooperative Multi-AUV Mobile Scheme with Optical Communica...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Li, Mengzhen Luo, Hanjiang Li, Xiang Ruby, Rukhsana Tao, Hang Wu, Kaishun Shandong University of Science and Technology College of Computer Science and Engineering Qingdao China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

To implement high-speed wireless communication from the deep ocean to the sea surface leveraging multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) with underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) technique is an emerging and promising technology that enables real-time data collection for accurate underwater exploration and monitoring, e.g., coordinated moving targets tracking. However, multi-hop UWOC is more susceptible to beam misalignment and positional uncertainty caused by external interference in the harsh marine environments. To address these challenges, we design a cooperative movement scheme for multiple AUVs based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach to realize robust and reliable optical communication under mobile target tracking scenarios. In this scheme, we first model the optical channel with optical noise and then analyze the link performance of multiple AUVs to meet the bit error rate (BER) requirements. Afterwards, we map the cooperative optical communication problem to a Markov decision process (MDP) by incorporating the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique to enhance effective communication. Finally, we propose a cooperative control strategy for multiple mobile AUVs based on deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG). Through extensive simulations, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is effective in achieving reliable underwater optical communication under mobile scenarios. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Extended Kalman Filter Underwater Wireless Optical Communication

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