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10th IEEE Smart World Congress, SWC 2024

作者： Zhang, Chao Kang, Hui Sun, Geng Li, Jiahui Wang, Boxiong Xu, Bo Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore Hainan University College of Information and Communication Engineering Haikou570228 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520861

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely used in the field of wireless communications due to their inherent advantages such as easy deployment and low cost. Employing collaborative beamforming techniques to form a UAV-based virtual antenna array (UVAA) is a promising solution to achieve remote and low-cost communications. Owing to the nature of electromagnetic waves, UVAA may cause interference to unaffiliated users when deployed in densely populated areas. To address this issue, UAVs must identify the most suitable positions to achieve optimal beam patterns. However, considering their limited energy capacity and the increased power consumption associated with excessive flight, a multi-objective optimization analysis is necessary to balance these factors. Thus, we formulate a low-interference communication multi-objective problem (LIMOP), aiming to maximize transmission rate, minimize interference, and reduce energy consumption through the optimization of UAV positions, excitation currents, and the selection of target BS. Given the complexity of LIMOP, we introduce multiple improvement strategies to propose an improved swarm intelligence method. According to simulation results, the proposed IMOAHA is effective in addressing the formulated LIMOP and is superior to other algorithms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Secure Resource Allocation via Constrained Deep Reinforcement Learning 6th

Secure Resource Allocation via Constrained Deep Reinforceme...

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6th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security, ML4CS 2024

作者： Sun, Jianfei Gao, Qiang Wu, Cong Li, Yuxian Wang, Jiacheng Niyato, Dusit School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore188065 Singapore School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu611130 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9789819645657

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the advent of 6G technologies have introduced computationally intensive tasks that often surpass the processing capabilities of user devices. Efficient and secure resource allocation in serverless multi-cloud edge computing environments is essential for supporting these demands and advancing distributed computing. However, existing solutions frequently struggle with the complexity of multi-cloud infrastructures, robust security integration, and effective application of traditional deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques under system constraints. To address these challenges, we present SARMTO, a novel framework that integrates an action-constrained DRL model. SARMTO dynamically balances resource allocation, task offloading, security, and performance by utilizing a Markov decision process formulation, an adaptive security mechanism, and sophisticated optimization techniques. Extensive simulations across varying scenarios-including different task loads, data sizes, and MEC capacities-show that SARMTO consistently outperforms five baseline approaches, achieving up to a 40% reduction in system costs and a 41.5% improvement in energy efficiency over state-of-the-art methods. These enhancements highlight SARMTO ’s potential to revolutionize resource management in intricate distributed computing environments, opening the door to more efficient and secure IoT and edge computing applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Real-Time Double-Layer Graph Attention Networks for Parathyroid Detection

Real-Time Double-Layer Graph Attention Networks for Parathyr...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Liu, Wanling Lu, Wenhuan Sun, Qian Chen, Fei Wang, Bo Zhao, Wenxin Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin China Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou China Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Since parathyroid glands (PG) regulate the body's calcium levels and significantly impact human health, developing methods for their automatic detection during endoscopic thyroid surgery is of utmost clinical significance. However, existing parathyroid detection works suffer from color variations, target deformation, blur, and lighting effects in intricate surgical environments. To address the above shortcomings, in this paper, we propose a novel double-layer graph attention network for PG detection, which explicitly facilitates local augmentation via key visual features (e.g., texture and shape) identification and global interactions. It can robustly combat image blur and better differentiate the PG targets and background parts, thus improving the detection precision. Furthermore, we observe most prior works fail to deeply understand the spatial relation among targets and unavoidably suffer from false or missed detection, which is heavily due to total ignorance or insufficient utilization of depth information, especially under lighting variations and occlusions. To fill the gap, we propose a depth relation augmentation component to adaptively capture the prominent relative positional relations between targets based on depth information and incorporate it into the proposed GNN framework, significantly deepening spatial understandings and naturally enhancing generalizability. Due to lacking a thyroid endoscopy surgery benchmark for evaluating this task, we meticulously established a novel dataset from 838 actual surgeries conducted (via the fully laparoscopic thoracic-breast approach) at the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital. Extensive experiments show that our framework achieves superior PG detection accuracy compared to current state-of-the-art counterparts while keeping real-time efficiency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Conditional selection with CNN augmented transformer for multimodal affective analysis

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 917-931页

作者： Jianwen Wang Shiping Wang Shunxin Xiao Renjie Lin Mianxiong Dong Wenzhong Guo College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina Digital Fujian Institute of Big Data Security Technology Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Sciences and Informatics Muroran Institute of TechnologyMuroranJapan

Attention mechanism has been a successful method for multimodal affective analysis in recent years. Despite the advances, several significant challenges remain in fusing language and its nonverbal context information. One is to generate sparse attention coefficients associated with acoustic and visual modalities, which helps locate critical emotional se-mantics. The other is fusing complementary cross‐modal representation to construct optimal salient feature combinations of multiple modalities. A Conditional Transformer Fusion Network is proposed to handle these problems. Firstly, the authors equip the transformer module with CNN layers to enhance the detection of subtle signal patterns in nonverbal sequences. Secondly, sentiment words are utilised as context conditions to guide the computation of cross‐modal attention. As a result, the located nonverbal fea-tures are not only salient but also complementary to sentiment words directly. Experi-mental results show that the authors’ method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on several multimodal affective analysis datasets.

关键词： affective computing data fusion information fusion multimodal approaches

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Secure and privacy-preserving federated learning-based resource allocation for next generation networks

Secure and privacy-preserving federated learning-based resou...

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International Conference on Innovation and Technological Advances for Sustainability, ITAS 2023

作者： Dandoush, Abdulhalim Gouissem, Ala Ciftler, Bekir Sait Division of Information Technology College of Computing and Information Technology University of Doha for Science and Technology Doha Qatar ESME Sduria/L2TI at Sorbonne University Paris Nord France Division of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information Technology University of Doha for Science and Technology Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781032803722

This paper surveys recent research on federated learning-based resource allocation for next-generation networks in order to identify research gaps and potential future directions. We start by outlining the main challenges and requirements for secure and privacy-preserving resource allocation in these networks. The existing solutions and techniques proposed in the literature are then reviewed. The strengths and limitations of these solutions are analyzed, and trade-offs in terms of security, privacy, efficiency, and scalability are discussed. The research gaps and promising directions for future research are identified, such as integrating multiple solutions (e.g., game theory or optimization techniques with federated learning) and developing new models and algorithms for AI-based resource allocation that address specific challenges and requirements of next-generation networks. The goal is to inspire further research in this critical and rapidly evolving field. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Federated learning

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A Framework of Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Large Language Model Based on Question Decomposition and Atomic Retrieval

A Framework of Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Large Language Model...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Li, Yading Song, Dandan Zhou, Changzhi Tian, Yuhang Wang, Hao Yang, Ziyi Zhang, Shuhao School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761681

Knowledge graphs (KGs) can provide explainable reasoning for large language models (LLMs), alleviating their hallucination problem. Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) is a typical benchmark to evaluate the methods enhancing LLMs with KG. Previous methods on KG-enhanced LLM for KGQA either enhance LLMs with KG retrieval in a single round or perform multi-hop KG reasoning in multiple rounds with LLMs. Both of them conduct retrieving and reasoning based solely on the whole original question, without any processing to the question. To tackle this limitation, we propose a framework of KG-enhanced LLM based on question decomposition and atomic retrieval, called KELDaR. We introduce question decomposition tree as the framework for LLM reasoning. This approach extracts the implicit information of reasoning steps within complex questions, serving as a guide to facilitate atomic retrieval on KG targeting the atomic-level simple questions at leaves of the tree. Additionally, we design strategies for atomic retrieval, which extract and retrieve question-relevant KG subgraphs to assist the few-shot LLM in answering atomic-level questions. Experiments on KGQA datasets demonstrate that our framework outperforms existing reasoning-based baselines. And in a low-cost setting without additional training or fine-tuning, our framework achieves competitive or superior results compared to most existing training-based baselines. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Quantifying the Impact of Population Shift Across Age and Sex for Abdominal Organ Segmentation 2nd

Quantifying the Impact of Population Shift Across Age and...

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2nd International Workshop on Fairness of AI in Medical Imaging, FAIMI 2024, and 3rd International Workshop on Ethical and Philosophical Issues in Medical Imaging, EPIMI 2024, Held in Conjunction with the International Conference on Medical Image computing and Computer Assisted Interventions, MICCAI 2024

作者： Čevora, Kate Glocker, Ben Bai, Wenjia Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London United Kingdom Data Science Institute Imperial College London London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783031727863

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation has seen tremendous progress over the last decade, but there is still relatively little transfer into clinical practice. One of the main barriers is the challenge of domain generalisation, which requires segmentation models to maintain high performance across a wide distribution of image data. This challenge is amplified by the many factors that contribute to the diverse appearance of medical images, such as acquisition conditions and patient characteristics. The impact of shifting patient characteristics such as age and sex on segmentation performance remains relatively under-studied, especially for abdominal organs, despite that this is crucial for ensuring the fairness of the segmentation model. We perform the first study to determine the impact of population shift with respect to age and sex on abdominal CT image segmentation, by leveraging two large public datasets, and introduce a novel metric to quantify the impact. We find that population shift is a challenge similar in magnitude to cross-dataset shift for abdominal organ segmentation, and that the effect is asymmetric and dataset-dependent. We conclude that dataset diversity in terms of known patient characteristics is not necessarily equivalent to dataset diversity in terms of image features. This implies that simple population matching to ensure good generalisation and fairness may be insufficient, and we recommend that fairness research should be directed towards better understanding and quantifying medical image dataset diversity in terms of performance-relevant characteristics such as organ morphology. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Mobile Malware Attacks, Classification, Propagation, Analysis, Detection, Challenges and Future Directions – A Survey 14

Mobile Malware Attacks, Classification, Propagation, Analysi...

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14th International Conference on Advances in computing, Control, and Telecommunication Technologies, ACT 2023

作者： Senthilkumar, B. Sujithra, M. Mani Barathi, S.P.S. Department of Mechanical Engineering Kumaraguru College of Technology India Department of Computing – Data Science Coimbatore Institute of Technology India

Number of Smartphone users are increasing day by day and mobiles have become an integral part of the society. This is because of the rich variety of mobile devices and essential applications provided by its manufacturers. The increasing number of mobile devices invite skilled developers and hackers to develop malware that invades personal and business information in a very efficient manner. Therefore, mobile devices are an ideal target for various security issues and data privacy threats in a mobile ecosystem. Threats posed by malwares include leaking of private information, financial loss to users, system damage. For better protection on computers, researchers and manufacturers making great efforts to produce anti-malware systems with effective detection methods why the most targeted platform for the malware developers is Android and why and how and when malwares propagate into the mobile system with how they are detected, and protection mechanism is discussed in this paper. © Grenze Scientific Society, 2023.

关键词： Personal computing

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Local and Global Feature-Aware Dual-Branch Networks for Plant Disease Recognition

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植物表型组学（英文） 2024年第4期6卷 828-840页

作者： Jianwu Lin Xin Zhang Yongbin Qin Shengxian Yang Xingtian Wen Tomislav Cernava Quirico Migheli Xiaoyulong Chen Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton S017 1BJUK Dipartimento di Agraria and NRD-Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione Università degli Studi di SassariSassariItaly Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology DepartmentGuiyang 550025China College of Life Sciences Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Accurate identification of plant diseases is important for ensuring the safety of agricultural *** neural networks(CNNs)and visual transformers(VTs)can extract effective representations of images and have been widely used for the intelligent recognition of plant disease ***,CNNs have excellent local perception with poor global perception,and VTs have excellent global perception with poor local *** makes it difficult to further improve the performance of both CNNs and VTs on plant disease recognition *** this paper,we propose a local and global feature-aware dual-branch network,named LGNet,for the identification of plant *** specifically,we first design a dual-branch structure based on CNNs and VTs to extract the local and global ***,an adaptive feature fusion(AFF)module is designed to fuse the local and global features,thus driving the model to dynamically perceive the weights of different ***,we design a hierarchical mixed-scale unit-guided feature fusion(HMUFF)module to mine the key information in the features at different levels and fuse the differentiated information among them,thereby enhancing the model's multiscale perception ***,extensive experiments were conducted on the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the self-collected corn disease(SCD)*** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed LGNet achieves state-of-the-art recognition performance on both the Al Challenger 2018 dataset and the SCD dataset,with accuracies of 88.74％and 99.08％,respectively.

关键词： global plant disease dual-branch feature-aware local networks recognition

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Federated Neuro-Symbolic Learning 41

Federated Neuro-Symbolic Learning

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Xing, Pengwei Lu, Songtao Yu, Han College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights United States

Neuro-symbolic learning (NSL) models complex symbolic rule patterns into latent variable distributions by neural networks, which reduces rule search space and generates unseen rules to improve downstream task performance. Centralized NSL learning involves directly acquiring data from downstream tasks, which is not feasible for federated learning (FL). To address this limitation, we shift the focus from such a one-to-one interactive neuro-symbolic paradigm to one-to-many Federated Neuro-Symbolic Learning framework (FedNSL) with latent variables as the FL communication medium. Built on the basis of our novel reformulation of the NSL theory, FedNSL is capable of identifying and addressing rule distribution heterogeneity through a simple and effective Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence constraint on rule distribution applicable under the FL setting. It further theoretically adjusts variational expectation maximization (V-EM) to reduce the rule search space across domains. This is the first incorporation of distribution-coupled bilevel optimization into FL. Extensive experiments based on both synthetic and real-world data demonstrate significant advantages of FedNSL compared to five state-of-the-art methods. It outperforms the best baseline by 17% and 29% in terms of unbalanced average training accuracy and unseen average testing accuracy, respectively. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Federated learning

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