This paper discusses the control of the compensation voltages in dynamic voltage restorers (DVR). On analyzing the power circuit of a DVR system, control limitations and control targets are presented for the compensat...
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This paper discusses the control of the compensation voltages in dynamic voltage restorers (DVR). On analyzing the power circuit of a DVR system, control limitations and control targets are presented for the compensation voltage control. Based on the preceeded power stage analysis, a novel controller for the compensation voltages in DVRs is proposed by a feedforward control scheme. This paper also discusses the time delay problems in the control system of DVRs. Digital control systems inevitably have control delay due to its the sampling of signal, the switching frequency of an inverter, and the signal delay due to sensor itself. The total signal delay is considerable in real implementation and it endanger the system stablity. This paper analyzes the relationship among the control delay, closed loop damping factor, and the output filter parameters of DVR inverters. Based on the control system analysis, a guideline is proposed to design the appropriate output filter parameters and the inverter switching frequency for DVRs. The proposed theory is verified by an experimental DVR system, which is controlled in full digital manner.
Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)s are known as effective and economic means to compensate for voltage sags and swells [1]-[11], This paper proposes a novel method to generate reference waves synchronized with the grid w...
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Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)s are known as effective and economic means to compensate for voltage sags and swells [1]-[11], This paper proposes a novel method to generate reference waves synchronized with the grid whether or not the line voltages are distorted by a fault. The proposed reference wave generator (RWG) looks for the normal voltage waveforms in the grid from the corrupted line voltages and synthesizes the expected positive sequence reference waves for DVRs. There is no transient problem on the generated reference waves when the line voltages are distorted by faults. Experimental results verified the proposed theory very well.
According to the characteristic of the first-order system with the time-delay and the large inertia, the paper proposes a grading fuzzy control algorithm based on the object specified value. The basic control quantity...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384032
According to the characteristic of the first-order system with the time-delay and the large inertia, the paper proposes a grading fuzzy control algorithm based on the object specified value. The basic control quantity and the scaling factor are adjusted dynamically. The self-adjusting factor varies with the different control stage. Simulation with a typical first-order air conditioner system shows that improved fuzzy control algorithm can eliminate the steady-state error and restrain over modulation. The respond speed is rapidly. The control frequent is smooth. Due to combining the look-up table with calculation on-line, the hardware resource is also economized.
Guidance through waypoinis is common for small autonomous marine vehicles. Guidance by the line of sight, which turns the vehicle directly towards the next waypoint without any reference path calculation, is computati...
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Guidance through waypoinis is common for small autonomous marine vehicles. Guidance by the line of sight, which turns the vehicle directly towards the next waypoint without any reference path calculation, is computationally the simplest form of waypoint guidance. However, the basic algorithm gives rather poor guidance due to the missed waypoint problem, lack of sea current compensation and abrupt transitions between the consecutive waypoinis. Significant path deviations and even deadlocks are possible due to these problems. Therefore, more complex algorithms are usually used in real world applications. The research reported in this paper aims to demonstrate that significant improvements of the basic line-of-sight guidance algorithm can be achieved by several intuitive, simple corrections and additions. The simplicity of the basic line-of-sight guidance algorithm is not compromised. In particular, missed waypoint detection is performed by monitoring the distance between the vehicle and the waypoint. Introduced reference heading corrections are based upon the location of the next waypoint after the one the vehicle is currently approaching, and upon the sea current direction and intensity. The results of these corrections are shown in several simulation examples. In addition, the paper includes a short discussion about the lineof-sight guidance in the diving plane. Copyright 2004 IFAC.
It is studied how the introduction of ordered hierarchies in 4-regular grid network structures decreases distances remarkably, while at the same time allowing for simple topological routing schemes. Both meshes and to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1932415262
It is studied how the introduction of ordered hierarchies in 4-regular grid network structures decreases distances remarkably, while at the same time allowing for simple topological routing schemes. Both meshes and tori are considered;In both cases non-hierarchical structures have power-law dependencies between the number of nodes and the distances in the structures. The perfect square mesh is introduced for hierarchies, and it is shown that applying ordered hierarchies in this way results in logarithmic dependencies between the number of nodes and the distances, resulting in better scaling structures. For example, in a mesh of 391876 nodes the average distance is reduced from 417.33 to 17.32 by adding hierarchical lines. This is gained by increasing the number of lines by 4.20% compared to the non-hierarchical structure. A similar hierarchical extension of the torus structure also results in logarithmic dependencies, the relative difference between performance of mesh and torus structures being less significant than for non-hierarchical structures, especially for large structures. The skew and extended meshes are introduced as variants of the perfect square mesh and their performances studied, and it is shown that while they allow for more flexibility in design and construction of structures supporting topological routing, their performances are comparable to the performance of the perfect square mesh. Finally suggestions for further research within the field is given.
Guidance through waypoints is common for small autonomous marine vehicles. Guidance by the line of sight, the basic waypoint guidance algorithm, is very simple, computationally inexpensive, and flexible to sudden chan...
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Guidance through waypoints is common for small autonomous marine vehicles. Guidance by the line of sight, the basic waypoint guidance algorithm, is very simple, computationally inexpensive, and flexible to sudden changes in the desired path specification. On the other side, the basic algorithm achieves unoptimal vehicle trajectory, ignores possible side disturbances as sea currents, and can even lead to deadlock situations. Therefore it should be improved to use in the real world applications. This paper introduces several such improvements: missed waypoint detection to prevent deadlocks, novel reference heading correction method to give smoother vehicle path in turns at waypoints, and sea current compensation method to cancel its influence. This improvements address the mentioned flaws of the basic algorithm, as is demonstrated by the simulations, and yet keep it simpler than is the case for the most used waypoint-derived guidance methods.
With the advent in WAN of delay sensitive technical applications, such as remote control, signal propagation delay becomes a major problem. The extent of the problem is analysed by lower bounding the delay in relation...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1932415262
With the advent in WAN of delay sensitive technical applications, such as remote control, signal propagation delay becomes a major problem. The extent of the problem is analysed by lower bounding the delay in relation to different transmission media. Requirements for reliability and bandwidth are considered. The consequences of this bounding for communication network planning and provisioning are discussed in relation to mitigating the effects of signal propagation delay as a barrier to the penetration of control applications into WAN.
According to the characteristic of the first-order system with the time-delay and the large inertia, the paper proposes a grading fuzzy control algorithm based on the object specified value. The basic control quantity...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0780384032
According to the characteristic of the first-order system with the time-delay and the large inertia, the paper proposes a grading fuzzy control algorithm based on the object specified value. The basic control quantity and the scaling factor are adjusted dynamically. The self-adjusting factor varies with the different control stage. Simulation with a typical first-order air conditioner system shows that unproved fuzzy control algorithm can eliminate the steady-state error and restrain over modulation. The respond speed is rapid. The control frequent is smooth. Due to combining the look-up table with calculation on-line, the hardware resource is also economized.
The cutoff frequency of a LC output filter for dynamic voltage restorers (DVR) limits the control bandwidth of a DVR system and the attenuation factor against the inverter switching ripples. For a selected cutoff freq...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780383990
The cutoff frequency of a LC output filter for dynamic voltage restorers (DVR) limits the control bandwidth of a DVR system and the attenuation factor against the inverter switching ripples. For a selected cutoff frequency of a LC output filter, infinite number of L-C combinations is possible. Although different L-C combination has different filter characteristics, the filter design on L-C combination has been depended on field experiences without clear analysis. This paper proposes a design criterion and a design example for the L-C filter combination considering the control characteristics and the size of DVRs. An experimental DVR system based on the proposed LC output filter design methodology is built and tested.
Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)s are known as effective and economic means to compensate for voltage sags and swells. This paper proposes a novel method to generate reference waves synchronized with the grid whether or...
详细信息
Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)s are known as effective and economic means to compensate for voltage sags and swells. This paper proposes a novel method to generate reference waves synchronized with the grid whether or not the line voltages are distorted by a fault. The proposed reference wave generator (RWG) looks for the normal voltage waveforms in the grid from the corrupted line voltages and synthesizes the expected positive sequence reference waves for DVRs. There is no transient problem on the generated reference waves when the line voltages are distorted by faults. Experimental results verified the proposed theory very well.
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