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arXiv 2022年

作者： Guo, Zhuoqiang Lu, Denghui Yan, Yujin Hu, Siyu Liu, Rongrong Tan, Guangming Sun, Ninghui Jiang, Wanrun Liu, Lijun Chen, Yixiao Zhang, Linfeng Chen, Mohan Wang, Han Jia, Weile Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture ICT Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China HEDPS CAPT College of Engineering Peking University Beijing China AI for Science Institute Beijing China Osaka University Osaka Japan Princeton University Princeton United States DP Technology Beijing China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing China

High-performance computing, together with a neural network model trained from data generated with first-principles methods, has greatly boosted applications of ab initio molecular dynamics in terms of spatial and temporal scales on modern supercomputers. Previous state-of-the-art can achieve 1 − 2 nanoseconds molecular dynamics simulation per day for 100-million atoms on the entire Summit supercomputer. In this paper, we have significantly reduced the memory footprint and computational time by a comprehensive approach with both algorithmic and system innovations. The neural network model is compressed by model tabulation, kernel fusion, and redundancy removal. Then optimizations such as acceleration of customized kernel, tabulation of activation function, MPI+OpenMP parallelization are implemented on GPU and ARM architectures. Testing results of the copper system show that the optimized code can scale up to the entire machine of both Fugaku and Summit, and the corresponding system size can be extended by a factor of 134 to an © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Supercomputers

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An improved CA model for evacuation simulation in super high-rise buildings: Considering evacuees’ rest on refuge floors and preference for taking evacuation elevators

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Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 2025年 143卷

作者： Jianfei Huang Xinnan Liu Yingbo Ji Feifan Song Tengteng Jiang Tiantian Du Xin Fan School of Civil Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing 100144 China China Construction Third Bureau First Engineering Co. Ltd Wuhan 430040 China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 China China National Engineering Research Center for Human Settlement China Architecture Design and Research Group Beijing 100044 China China Construction First Group Construction & Development Co. Ltd Beijing 100102 China

Most of the previous studies on emergency evacuation simulation in super high-rise buildings have overlooked the role of refuge floors, which are vital for recovery of fatigued evacuees. Additionally, advancements in elevator safety have made evacuation elevators a feasible option as supplementary evacuation facilities to staircases in super high-rise buildings. While some evacuees prefer to take evacuation elevators during emergencies, others still tend to use staircases only. This study proposes an improved cellular automata (CA) model that accounts for the effects of evacuees’ rest on refuge floors and preference for taking evacuation elevators. To build the foundation for setting model parameters of speed recovery after resting on refuge floors, two evacuation experiments are conducted in a super high-rise office building. The improved CA model is developed by incorporating space configurations, updating rules of evacuees and evacuation elevators. Effects of thresholds for taking rest on refuge floors, rest time on refuge floors, ratio of evacuees with different evacuation facility preferences, as well as gender ratio of evacuees on the evacuation efficiency are simulated by the improved CA model. The findings demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively simulate complex evacuation scenarios, including the effects of speed recovery after fatigued evacuees rest on refuge floors and evacuees’ preference for taking evacuation elevators. This study offers valuable insights for optimizing evacuation plans in super high-rise buildings.

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Development of a metamaterial for acoustic and architectonical improvement of window design 23

Development of a metamaterial for acoustic and architectonic...

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23rd International Congress on Acoustics: Integrating 4th EAA Euroregio, ICA 2019

作者： Fusaro, Gioia Yu, Xiang Cui, Fangsen Kang, Jian Institute of High Performance Computing A*Star Singapore School of Architecture Acoustics Group University of Sheffield United Kingdom UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering Bartlett University College London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783939296157

The development of windows which can address the issue of high noise levels while maintaining natural ventilation has drawn significant attention recently. However, there are limitations to traditional-Gouble glazing together with duct designs. Previously, window systems have been developed based on the local resonant stopband of acoustic metamaterial (AMM) to achieve dual functions of noise reduction and natural ventilation. In this study, a new effort is made to develop a window system with foldable origami metamaterial, which conceptually proposes a novel approach for acoustic and ventilation design. The proposed device allows air exchange between the interior and exterior domains, and it forms an omni-directional acoustic metacage in the folded state. This paper elaborates the design concept of the proposed device and the important design parameters. The sound reduction performance is investigated using Finite Elements Method (FEM) simulations. The numerical method developed in this work can facilitate the optimisation of origami metamaterial for real window designs. © 2019 Proceedings of the International Congress on Acoustics. All rights reserved.

关键词： FEM Metamaterials Ventilation

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Floating Solar Photovoltaic Energy for a Port: A Novel Application

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International Journal of Energy Research 2025年第1期2025卷

作者： Aitor Vega-Valladares Gregorio Iglesias Bruno Pereiras Energy Department University of Oviedo C/Wifredo Ricart s/n 33204 Gijón Spain uniovi.es School of Engineering and Architecture and MaREI Environmental Research Institute University College Cork College Road P43 C573 Cork Ireland ucc.ie School of Engineering Computing and Mathematics University of Plymouth Marine Building Drake Circus PL4 8AA Plymouth UK plymouth.ac.uk

The application of floating photovoltaic (FPV) solar energy to supply energy needs of a port is assessed for the first time through a case study—the Port of Avilés (Northern Spain). Three different models of solar photovoltaics (PVs) panels, as well as three different tilt angles, were considered. FPV systems have gained great prominence in recent years, since they emerged as a solution to the problem of land scarcity that many countries are beginning to experience, resulting in high investment costs that jeopardize the economic viability of their solar projects based on traditional land-based PVs (LPVs) systems. Originally, FPV technology was mostly applied in freshwater bodies such as reservoirs, but with 70% of the Earth’s surface covered by oceans, the transition towards its application in marine environments seems to be natural. This article presents a novel approach to FPV systems, which consists of their application in ports, with a view to fostering the transition of these infrastructures towards a sustainable development model, reducing their energy dependence and carbon footprint. The results obtained in this work indicate that approximately 71% of the electricity consumption of the Port Authority of Avilés, which was 1559.2 MWh in 2023, could be covered thanks to the deployment of an FPV system in an idle and sheltered area of the Avilés estuary. Likewise, this decrease in electricity consumption would allow to approximately save 287.6 tons CO 2 eq/year, thus, contributing to a significant reduction in the carbon footprint of the Port Authority.

关键词： floating solar photovoltaics marine renewable energy resource assessment solar energy

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Elucidating the effects of metakaolin-based geopolymer filler on the performance of styrene-butadiene-styrene modified asphalt: Microstructural insights and mechanistic analysis

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Construction and Building Materials 2025年 487卷

作者： Tianyi Yan Yongjun Meng Yanbo Li Guangwei Wu Zhikuan Huang Kuicheng Chen Yu Zhang Dawei Wang College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi 530004 China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning Guangxi 530004 China Special Geological Highway Safety Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangxi Nanning 530004 China National High-performance Computing Center Nanning Branch Nanning Guangxi 530004 China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Institute of Highway Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen 52074 Germany

This study aims to elucidate the effects of metakaolin-based geopolymer (Mk-Geo) filler on the performance of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified asphalt and its underlying mechanisms. Mk-Geo asphalt mastics with varying filler-asphalt ratios (F/A = 0.2～1.4) were prepared, and their microstructural properties and physicochemical interactions were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that Mk-Geo exhibits a multilayer mesoporous plate-like structure, which significantly influences its interaction with asphalt. Dynamic shear rheometer tests demonstrated that Mk-Geo enhances the high-temperature deformation resistance (indicated by an increase in the rutting factor G*/sinδ) and permanent deformation resistance, while also reducing temperature sensitivity. At F/A = 0.8, Mk-Geo promotes SBS phase swelling through surface adsorption, thereby improving the integrity of the three-dimensional network structure. As the F/A increases, the adsorption capacity of asphalt by the mesoporous structure increases, with a characteristic absorption peak of CaCO 3 crystalline phase appearing at F/A = 1.4. However, High F/A negatively affects the fatigue performance of asphalt mastic, and premature fatigue damage occurs within the asphalt mastic at high strain levels and high F/A, leading to a reduction in fatigue life. In summary, the Mk-Geo can be applied not only as an adsorbent or modifier in asphalt materials, but also as a filler in asphalt mixtures, and the optimal F/A of 1.2 was obtained by ANOVA and statistical analysis. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the functional application of geopolymers in asphalt pavement engineering.

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Post-lockdown abatement of COVID-19 by fast periodic switching

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Bin, M. Cheung, P. Crisostomi, E. Ferraro, P. Lhachemi, H. Murray-Smith, R. Myant, C. Parisini, Thomas Shorten, R. Stein, S. Stone, L. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Ireland School of Computing Science University of Glasgow Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Italy Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University

COVID-19 abatement strategies have risks and uncertainties which could lead to repeating waves of infection. We show - as proof of concept grounded on rigorous mathematical evidence - that periodic, high-frequency alternation of into, and out-of, lockdown effectively mitigates second-wave effects, while allowing continued, albeit reduced, economic activity. Periodicity confers (i) predictability, which is essential for economic sustainability, and (ii) robustness, since lockdown periods are not activated by uncertain measurements over short time scales. In turn - while not eliminating the virus - this fast switching policy is sustainable over time, and it mitigates the infection until a vaccine or treatment becomes available, while alleviating the social costs associated with long lockdowns. Typically, the policy might be in the form of 1-day of work followed by 6-days of lockdown every week (or perhaps 2 days working, 5 days off) and it can be modified at a slow-rate based on measurements filtered over longer time scales. Our results highlight the potential efficacy of high frequency switching interventions in post lockdown mitigation. All code is available on Github1 A software tool has also been developed so that interested parties can explore the proof-of-concept system. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Viruses

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Improving Student Engagement and Performance in computing Final Year Projects

Improving Student Engagement and Performance in Computing Fi...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on engineering, Technology and Education, TALE 2019

作者： Naeem, Usman Islam, Syed Siddiqui, Arish Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering Computer Science London United Kingdom University College London Department of Computer Science London United Kingdom University of East London School of Architecture Computing and Engineering London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126654

There has been a seismic shift in the UK higher education landscape during the last decade. This has been driven by the formation of the Office for Students (OfS) and the introduction of the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF), where the emphasis has been on programmes offering students higher value when it comes to employability, retention and overall student experience. One of the critical challenges that impacts student experience is being able to enhance student engagement within a learning environment. Final year individual projects, which are generally unstructured in nature, is a significant contributor to programmes of study, yet remains an area where this problem is exacerbated. In an attempt to address this issue, our earlier work lays the foundation for a teaching learning framework covering computing final year projects. In this paper, we present an extension to the framework and its implementation in 2016/17 following its first trial run within a Computer Science department at a UK university in 2015/16. We discuss the two implementations in practice and provide operational guidance. A large-scale longitudinal empirical study considering the performance of 625 final year undergraduate students over a period of five years is presented to ascertain the effectiveness of the framework. The study finds a consistent and significant positive impact on both student performance and engagement as a result of the original framework and further gains from the enhancements. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Generative adversarial networks (GANs) in networking: A comprehensive survey & Evaluation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Navidan, Hojjat Moshiri, Parisa Fard Nabati, Mohammad Shahbazian, Reza Ghorashi, Seyed Ali Shah-Mansouri, Vahid Windridge, David School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran14395-515 Iran Cognitive Telecommunication Research Group Department of Telecommunications Faculty of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran19839-69411 Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technology and Engineering Standard Research Institute Alborz31745-139 Iran School of Architecture Computing and Engineering University of East London LondonE16 2RD United Kingdom Department of Computer Science School of Science and Technology Middlesex University LondonNW4 4BT United Kingdom

Despite the recency of their conception, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) constitute an extensively-researched machine learning sub-field for the creation of synthetic data through deep generative modeling. GANs have consequently been applied in a number of domains, most notably computer vision, in which they are typically used to generate or transform synthetic images. Given their relative ease of use, it is therefore natural that researchers in the field of networking (which has seen extensive application of deep learning methods) should take an interest in GAN-based approaches. The need for a comprehensive survey of such activity is therefore urgent. In this paper, we demonstrate how this branch of machine learning can benefit multiple aspects of computer and communication networks, including mobile networks, network analysis, internet of things, physical layer, and cybersecurity. In doing so, we shall provide a novel evaluation framework for comparing the performance of different models in non-image applications, applying this to a number of reference network datasets. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Multi-objective optimization of building performance: Integrating sensitivity analysis for energy efficiency and comfort

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International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 2025年 165卷

作者： Li, Ling Zu, Songshan Miraba, Sepideh Dehkordi, Seyed Amir Hossein Hashemi Mehr, Alireza Karimian Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza Baghaie, Sh. Marzouki, Riadh Department of Environmental Design School of Fine Arts Changchun University Jilin Changchun130000 China University of Cincinnati The College of Design Architecture Art and Planning School of Planning Cincinnati United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Shahrekord University Shahrekord88186-34141 Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Fast Computing Center Shabihsazan Ati Pars Tehran Iran Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha61413 Saudi Arabia

Background: The design of energy efficient and comfortable buildings continues to be a significant challenge for the designers and engineers especially based on the diverse climates. Advanced statistical methods are used to identify the key influencing factors required for achieving the optimal performance of the building. To achieve this goal, the authors of this study select nine diverse cities regarding climate condition and apply sensitivity analysis (SA) methods such as Morris and Saltelli methods to draw their attention to which design parameters in the initial building analyzes are the most effective in terms of energy consumption, thermal comfort as well as visual comfort. Methodology: The four chosen objective functions, Air Conditioning Electricity Consumption (ACEC), Lighting Electricity Consumption (LEC), Discomfort Glare Index (DGI), and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction (PPD), were optimized. The NSGA-II was implemented for the multi-objective optimization, and the best achieving solutions were further analyzed via the Weighted Sum Method (WSM). During optimization, different design variables like shading type, window dimensions, building orientation, envelope properties, and HVAC setpoints were varied. This process attempted to find the right compromise of energy efficiency and occupant comfort for the appropriate climatic conditions of individual cities. Results: The optimization resulted in considerable improvements for all metrics compared to the baseline conditions. The reductions in ACEC varied from 24.45 % to 69.48 %, the Total Electricity Consumption (TEC) was reduced by 18.69 % to 45.38 %, DGI improved from 56.65 % to 69.13 %, and the reductions in PPD ranged from 1.93 % to 11.67 %. With optimized shading strategies, the natural light penumbra decreases, but the LEC recovered slightly by 1.96 % up to 4.7 %. This finding underscores the trade-off between energy saving and lighting quality, and further emphasizes the need for a design solu

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Robust Myco-Composites as a Platform for Versatile Hybrid-Living Structural Materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Shen, Sabrina C. Lee, Nicolas A. Lockett, William J. Acuil, Aliai D. Gazdus, Hannah B. Spitzer, Branden N. Buehler, Markus J. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. 1-165 CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States School of Architecture and Planning Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology 75 Amherst Street CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. 10-183 CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Media Culture and Communication New York University 239 Greene Street New YorkNY10003 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Center for Computational Science and Engineering Schwarzman College of Computing 77 Massachusetts Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States

Fungal mycelium, a living network of filamentous threads, thrives on lignocellulosic waste and exhibits rapid growth, hydrophobicity, and intrinsic regeneration, offering a potential means to create next-generation sustainable and functional composites. However, existing hybrid-living mycelium composites (myco-composites) are tremendously constrained by conventional mold-based manufacturing processes, which are only compatible with simple geometries and coarse biomass substrates that enable gas exchange. Here we introduce a class of structural myco-composites manufactured with a novel platform that harnesses high-resolution biocomposite additive manufacturing and robust mycelium colonization with indirect inoculation. We leverage principles of hierarchical composite design and selective nutritional provision to create a robust myco-composite that is scalable, tunable, and compatible with complex geometries. To illustrate the versatility of this platform, we characterize the impact of mycelium colonization on mechanical and surface properties of the composite, finding that it yields the strongest mycelium composite reported to date, and demonstrate fabrication of unique foldable bio-welded containers and flexible mycelium textiles. This study bridges the gap between biocomposite and hybrid-living materials research, opening the door to advanced structural mycelium applications and demonstrating a novel platform for development of diverse hybrid-living materials. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Mycelium

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