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Numerical analysis of a projecting wall type oscillating water column(PW-OWC)wave energy converter in regular waves

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 479-491页

作者： Lei Tan Ruiyuan Chang Tomoki Ikoma Department of Oceanic Architecture and Engineering College of Science and TechnologyNihon UniversityChibaJapan

Oscillating water column(OWC)based wave energy absorption devices are classic which have been widely used for harnessing ocean wave *** paper presents a numerical study on a projecting wall(PW)type OWC wave energy converter in regular *** computational fluid dynamics(CFD)modelling of a stationary floating PW-OWC model in a three-dimensional wave flume is achieved by the software *** analyses are carried out based on CFD simulations and the linear potential flow solutions with modifications to account for turbine-induced *** present numerical solutions are validated against our previous experimental *** is found that both the CFD and modified linear potential flow predictions are in reasonably good agreements with the experimental data in the first order results of OWC and air pressure *** the nonlinear responses are included in the result,the modified linear potential flow solution is found to slightly under-estimate the wave energy conversion performance at long *** the airflows above and below the chamber orifice,the CFD results suggest that they are almost unidirectional,oscillating in not only the base frequency but also subharmonic and ultraharmonic *** evolution of the OWC responses during an entire period and the phase analysis based on CFD simulations are *** phase results provide the crucial evidence to the reasonability of the physics-based modification of the potential flow model in modelling of *** present results and analysis are expected to be beneficial to the understanding on the physical mechanism of OWCs and the design of phase control strategies.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation hydrodynamic analysis oscillating water column(OWC)damping orifice airflow phase difference

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Heteroatoms doped iron oxide-based catalyst prepared from zinc slag for efficient selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_(3)

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International Journal of Coal Science & technology 2024年第1期11卷 180-193页

作者： Jiale Liang Yaojun Zhang Hao Chen Licai Liu Panyang He Lei Wu College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China School of Resources Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China

Excessive emissions of nitrogen oxides from flue gas have imposed various detrimental impacts on environment,and the development of deNO_(x) catalysts with low-cost and high performance is an urgent *** oxide-based material has been explored for promising deNO_(x) ***,the unsatisfactory low-temperature activity limits their practical *** this study,a series of excellent low-temperature denitrification catalysts(Ha-FeO_(x)/yZS)were prepared by acid treatment of zinc slag,and the mass ratios of Fe to impure ions was regulated by adjusting the acid ***-FeO_(x)/yZS showed high denitrification performance(>90%)in the range of 180–300℃,and the optimal NO conversion and N2 selectivity were higher than 95%at 250℃.Among them,the Ha-FeO_(x)/2ZS synthesized with 2 mol/L HNO3 exhibited the widest temperature window(175–350℃).The excellent denitrification performance of Ha-FeO_(x)/yZS was mainly attributed to the strong interaction between Fe and impurity ions to inhibit the growth of crystals,making Ha-FeO_(x)/yZS with amorphous structure,nice fine particles,large specific surface area,more surface acid sites and high chemisorbed *** in-situ DRIFT experiments confirmed that the SCR reaction on the Ha-FeO_(x)/yZS followed both Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)mechanism and Eley-Rideal(E-R)*** present work proposed a high value-added method for the preparation of cost-effective catalysts from zinc slag,which showed a promising application prospect in NO_(x) removal by selective catalytic reduction with ammonia.

关键词： Flue gas NO_(x)removal Zinc slag-derived catalyst NH_(3)-SCR Catalysis activity

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Effect of freezing temperature on the attenuation characteristics of stress waves in water-saturated granite in freezing environments

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Geophysics 2025年第3期90卷 MR183-MR195页

作者： Wang, Zhiqiang Yang, Qihao Li, Guangyao Fan, Lifeng Du, Xiuli Beijing University of Technology College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Beijing China

The investigation of stress wave propagation in frozen rock masses is of great significance for dynamic stability analysis of rock masses in cold regions. This paper investigates the attenuation of stress waves in water-saturated granite with different freezing temperatures. The water-saturated granite was frozen at different temperatures (−2°C, −10°C, −20°C, and −30°C) and then impacted with different pendulum angles at those temperatures. The amplitude attenuation ratio, wave velocity, and spectrum of stress waves in frozen granite were investigated. The effects of freezing temperature on the propagation coefficients (attenuation coefficient and wave number) and phase velocity of stress waves were investigated. Furthermore, effects of the pendulum angle on the amplitude attenuation ratio, wave velocity, propagation coefficient, and phase velocity at different freezing temperatures were discussed. The results show that the amplitude attenuation ratio of stress waves decreases as the temperature decreases. The wave velocity increases as the temperature decreases. The Fourier amplitudes of the incident wave and the reflected wave decrease as the temperature decreases. The attenuation coefficient and wave number decrease sharply and then decrease slightly as the temperature decreases. The phase velocity increases as the temperature decreases. The amplitude attenuation ratio, wave velocity, phase velocity, and propagation coefficients approximately keep constant under different pendulum angles. The present investigation can be applied to predict the amplitude attenuation and energy dissipation of stress waves within rock masses in freezing environments. © 2025 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase velocity

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Exploring the effects of mask wearing on outdoor thermal comfort at different walking speeds—A thermal manikin-based experiment

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Building Simulation 2024年第9期17卷 1601-1613页

作者： Xiling Lu Shengkai Zhao Yongchao Zhai Jianlin Liu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai201620China State Key Laboratory of Green Building Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi710055China College of Architecture Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi710055China

Face masks’wearing for a long duration brings thermal discomfort,especially in hot climate *** face masks’thermal insulation and its effect on outdoor thermal comfort have been rarely *** this study,five types of face masks and their thermal insulations have been tested by using a thermal manikin in the climate *** results are assessed by using physiological equivalent temperature(PET)and standard effective temperature(SET^(*))for thermal comfort with masks at three walking speeds both in summer and *** differences in thermal insulation are observed among the different masks,the values of PET and SET^(*)rise with increasing mask thermal insulation,and they are generally higher in summer than in ***,the variation of SET*is more obvious than PET with same masks at different walking *** the differences of SET^(*)with and without masks appear to rise significantly for fast *** further indicate that the individuals’physical discomfort caused by wearing masks cannot simply be assumed as an additional effect of the clothing thermal *** findings enrich the clothing thermal insulation database,explore the differences in thermal indices if the face mask is used,and provide advice on heat mitigation with masks outdoors.

关键词： outdoor thermal comfort face mask clothing insulation thermal manikin metabolic rate

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Framework on low-carbon retrofit of rural residential buildings in arid areas of northwest China:A case study of Turpan residential buildings

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Building Simulation 2023年第2期16卷 279-297页

作者： Junkang Song Wanjiang Wang Pingan Ni Hanjie Zheng Zihan Zhang Yihuan Zhou College of Architectural and Civil Engineering Xinjiang University830017China College of Architecture Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology710000China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan University610065China

At present,buildings in arid and hot regions are facing severe challenges of indoor comfort improvement and carbon emission reduction,especially in rural ***-objective optimization could be an effective tool for tackling the aforementioned ***,this paper proposes a life-cycle optimization framework considering thermal comfort,which is beneficial to promoting residents’motivation for low-carbon retrofit in arid climate ***,in response to the above problems,three objective functions are specified in the framework,which are global warming potential(GWP),life cycle cost(LCC),and thermal discomfort hours(TDH).To improve the optimization efficiency,this research uses Deep Neural Networks(DNN)combined with NSGA-II to construct a high-precision prediction model(meta-model for optimization)based on the energy consumption simulation database formed by the orthogonal multi-dimensional design *** accuracy index of the modified model is R2>0.99,cv(RMSE)≤1%,and NMBE≤0.2%,which gets rid of the dilemma of low prediction accuracy of traditional machine learning *** the scheme comparison and selection stage,the TOPSIS based on two empowerment methods is applied to meet different design tendencies,where the entropy-based method can avoid the interference of subjective preference and significantly improve the objectivity and scientific nature of decision ***,sensitivity analysis is conducted on the variables,which supports guidance for practitioners to carry out the low-carbon ***,the multi-objective optimization analysis for a farmhouse in Turpan is taken as a case study to evaluate the performance of the *** results show that the framework could significantly improve the building performance,with 60.8%,52.5%,and 14.2%reduction in GWP,LCC,and TDH,respectively.

关键词： life cycle assessment arid regions deep neural networks entropy-based TOPSIS method multi-criteria optimization

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Anti-explosion performance and dynamic response of an innovative multi-layer composite explosion containment vessel

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 105-121页

作者： Zhen Wang Heng Chen Qi Yuan Wenbin Gu Xingbo Xie Hongwei Li College of Field Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Southwest University of Science and TechnologySichuanMianyang 621010China

An innovative multi-layer composite explosion containment vessel(CECV)utilizing a sliding steel platealuminum honeycomb-fiber cloth sandwich is put forward to improve the anti-explosion capacity of a conventional single-layer explosion containment vessel(SECV).Firstly,a series of experiments and finite element(FE)simulations of internal explosions are implemented to understand the basic anti-explosion characteristics of a SECV and the rationality of the computational models and methods is verified by the comparison between the experimental results and simulation *** on this,the CECV is designed in detail and a variety of FE simulations are carried out to investigate effects of the sandwich structure,the explosive quantity and the laying mode of the fiber cloth on anti-explosion performance and dynamic response of the CECV under internal *** results indicate that the end cover is the critical position for both the SECV and *** maximum pressure of the explosion shock wave and the maximum strain of the CECV can be extremely declined compared to those of the *** a result,the explosive quantity the CECV can sustain is up to 20 times of that the SECV can ***,as the explosive quantity increases,the internal pressure of the CECV keeps growing and the plastic deformation and failure of the sandwich structure become more and more severe,yielding plastic strain of the CECV in addition to elastic *** results also reveal that the laying angles of the fiber cloth's five layers have an impact on the anti-explosion performance of the *** example,the CECV with fiber cloth layered in 0°/45°/90°/45°/0°mode has the optimal anti-capacity,compared to 0°/0°/0°/0°/0°and 0°/30°/60°/30°/0°***,owing to remarkable anti-explosion capacity,this CECV can be regarded as a promising candidate for explosion resistance.

关键词： Explosive container Honeycomb-fiber cloth Anti-explosion Aluminum honeycomb core Composite

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Effect of a Carbon Fibre-steel Fibre-graphite Conductive Filler on the Electrothermal Properties of Cementitious Materials

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 141-151页

作者： FAN Yanan WEI Hong ZHENG Hongyong DU Hongxiu Department of Architecture and Environmental Engineering Taiyuan UniversityTaiyuan 030032China College of Civil Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030032China

Carbon fibre,steel fibre and graphite were used as conductive fillers to prepare cementitious materials with excellent electrothermal *** electrically conductive cementitious materials with different volume dosages were analysed through compressive and flexural strength,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and temperature rise *** equivalent circuit model was established to study the electrically conductive heat generation mechanism in the electrically conductive cementitious *** results indicate that the mechanical properties of cementitious composite materials with a ternary conductive phase are better than those of pristine cementitious materials because the fibrous filler improves their mechanical ***,the incorporation of graphite in the material reduces its *** fibrous and point-like conductive phase materials into the cementitious material enhances the overall conductive pathway and considerably reduces the electrical resistance of the cementitious material,enhancing its conductive *** volume ratios of carbon fibre,steel fibre and graphite that achieve an optimal complex doping in the cementitious material were 0.35%,0.6%and 6%,*** was determined using the mutation point of each circuit element parameter as the percolation *** addition,at a certain safety voltage,there is a uniform change between the internal and surface temperatures of the conductive cementitious material,and the heating effect in this materialis is considerably better than that in the pristine cementitious material.

关键词： cementitious composites conductive fillers electrothermal properties electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Fostering Engagement and Motivation: Evaluating Gamified Learning in the Metaverse for Architectural History Education

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2025年第6期19卷 48-59页

作者： Ali, Miram Department of Architecture College of Engineering and Information Technology Onaizah Colleges Qassim Saudi Arabia

Engagement and motivation are critical factors in effective learning, particularly in educational contexts that require deep understanding and retention, such as architectural history. This study investigates the role of gamified learning in the metaverse as a tool to enhance student engagement and motivation. Using the Spatial platform, a virtual learning environment was developed where participants interact with digitally reconstructed historical landmarks and complete tasks that explore architectural styles, techniques, and cultural contexts. The research evaluates the impact of this immersive approach on learning outcomes by focusing on participant engagement and intrinsic motivation. A mixed-methods approach is employed, collecting data through pre-and post-tests, engagement questionnaires, usability surveys, and in-game analytics such as task completion rates and time spent in the virtual environment. Qualitative insights are gathered through interviews to understand user perceptions of the gamified experience. These results show that metaverse-based gamified learning can make people more interested and motivated, making it a great way to teaching architectural history and other complex subjects. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Virtual environments

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Experimental study on failure precursory characteristics and moisture content effect of pre-cracked rocks under graded cyclic loading and unloading

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International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2025年第2期35卷 249-264页

作者： Wei Zhang Dongxiao Zhang Weiyao Guo Baoliang Zhang School of Architecture and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China College of Energy and Mining Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

It is important to analyze the damage evolution process of surrounding rock under different water content for the stability of engineering rock *** on digital speckle correlation(DSCM),acoustic emission(AE)and electromagnetic radiation(EMR),uniaxial hierarchical cyclic loading and unloading tests were carried out on sandstones with different fracture numbers under dry,natural and saturated water content,to explore the fracture propagation,failure precursor characteristics and damage response mechanism under the influence of water content *** results show that with the increase of water content,the peak stress and crack initiation stress decrease gradually,and the decreases are 15.28%-21.11%and 17.64%-23.04%,*** peak strain and crack initiation strain increase gradually,and the increases are 19.85%-44.53%and 19.15%-41.94%,*** precracked rock with different water content is mainly characterized by tensile failure at different loading ***,with the increase of water content,the proportion of shear cracks gradually increases,while acoustic emission events gradually decrease,the dissipative energy and energy storage limits of the rock under peak load gradually decrease,and the charge signal increases significantly,which is because the lubrication effect of water reduces the friction coefficient between crack surfaces.

关键词： Damage mechanisms Pre-cracked rocks Crack propagation Water-rock interaction Graded cyclic loading and unloading

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Structure, Formation, Properties, and Application of Calcium and Magnesium Silicate Hydrates System—A Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2023年第3期38卷 604-615页

作者：肖建敏 LI Hui HU Yaru College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

In order to expand the advantages of strong durability and high compressive strength of calcium silicate hydrates(C-S-H),at the same time to make up for the poor early mechanical strength of magnesium silicate hydrates (M-S-H),we present the features and advantages of C-S-H and M-S-H and a comprehensive review of the progress on CaO-MgO-SiO_(2)-H_(2)***,we systematically describe natural calcium and magnesium silicate minerals and thermodynamic properties of CaO-MgO-SiO_(2)-H_(2)*** effect of magnesium on C-S-H and calcium on M-S-H is summarized deeply;the formation and structural feature of CaO-MgO-SiO_(2)-H_(2)O is also explained in ***,the development of calcium and magnesium silicate hydrates in the future is pointed out,and the further research is discussed and estimated.

关键词： calcium and magnesium silicate hydrates thermodynamic properties stability structural feature

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