In recent decades, control performance monitoring(CPM) has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications. While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks, the historical dat...
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In recent decades, control performance monitoring(CPM) has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications. While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks, the historical data benchmark(HIS) has garnered the most attention due to its practicality and effectiveness. However, existing CPM reviews usually focus on the theoretical benchmark, and there is a lack of an in-depth review that thoroughly explores HIS-based methods. In this article, a comprehensive overview of HIS-based CPM is provided. First, we provide a novel static-dynamic perspective on data-level manifestations of control performance underlying typical controller capacities including regulation and servo: static and dynamic properties. The static property portrays time-independent variability in system output, and the dynamic property describes temporal behavior driven by closed-loop feedback. Accordingly,existing HIS-based CPM approaches and their intrinsic motivations are classified and analyzed from these two ***, two mainstream solutions for CPM methods are summarized, including static analysis and dynamic analysis,which match data-driven techniques with actual controlling behavior. Furthermore, this paper also points out various opportunities and challenges faced in CPM for modern industry and provides promising directions in the context of artificial intelligence for inspiring future research.
Solid oxide electrolytic cell(SOEC) is an energy conversion device that transfers electrical energy into chemical energy. It has garnered significant attention due to its high efficiency and thick current density. The...
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Solid oxide electrolytic cell(SOEC) is an energy conversion device that transfers electrical energy into chemical energy. It has garnered significant attention due to its high efficiency and thick current density. The oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) are two crucial half-reactions of SOEC, while both require excellent electrochemical performance under high-temperature and high-humidity ***, high catalytic activity and good stability of electrode materials are crucial for the practical application of SOEC. The perovskite structure of the oxygen electrodes has outstanding OER activity, while metal ceramic and metal oxide hydrogen electrodes possess good redox properties. This article firstly demonstrates the influence of the physical and electrochemical properties of electrode materials on the performance of SOEC, then illustrates the optimization strategies for electrode materials to improve electrolysis efficiency and extend service ***, the research priorities for the future development of electrode material are summarized.
Lithium(Li)metal anodes(LMAs)have garnered significant attention as a potential solution for developing high-energy density batteries,given their theoretical specific capacity and redox ***,safety concerns and interna...
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Lithium(Li)metal anodes(LMAs)have garnered significant attention as a potential solution for developing high-energy density batteries,given their theoretical specific capacity and redox ***,safety concerns and internal cycling stability issues originated from uncontrollable Li dendrite growth have impeded the practical application of *** the interface between Li metal and electrolyte is a crucial process that offers valuable insights into the characteristics and regularity of primary circular *** illustrate the intrinsic characteristic of Li metal batteries(LMBs)in spatial and temporal,it is imperative to employ electron microscopes to characterize the structural components distribution of Li with atomic *** paper summarizes the progress in the characterization and analysis of the interfaces in LMBs with electron microscopes based on the principles of electron-matter ***,future trends and the potential of electron microscopes are also discussed to advance our understanding of LMBs.
The in-situ growing approach was utilized in this article to construct the magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxide(MgAl-LDH)film on the surface of a 1060 aluminum anodized *** improve the corrosion resistance and...
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The in-situ growing approach was utilized in this article to construct the magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxide(MgAl-LDH)film on the surface of a 1060 aluminum anodized *** improve the corrosion resistance and friction qualities of aluminum alloy,the MgAl-LDH coating was treated using stearic acid(SA)and thiourea(TU).The aluminum substrate and anodized aluminum film layer corroded to varying degrees after 24 h of immersion in 3.5%(mass)NaCl solution,while the modified hydrotalcite film layer continued to exhibit the same microscopic morphology even after being immersed for 7 *** results show that the synergistic action of thiourea and stearic acid can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the MgAl-LDH *** tribological testing reveals that the hydrotalcite film layer and the modified film layer lowered the friction coefficient of the anodized aluminum surface *** results of the simulations and experiments demonstrate that SA forms the dense LDH-TU interlayer film layer by exchanging NO_(3)^(-)ions between TU layers on the one hand and the LDH-SA film layer by adsorption on the surface of LDH on the ***,these two processes create LDH-TUSA,which can significantly increase the substrate’s corrosion *** synergistically modified superhydrophobic and retardant hydrotalcite film layer offers a novel approach to the investigation of wear reduction and corrosion protection on the surface of aluminum and its alloys.
To explore the effect of temperature on the phase transformation of HCP→FCC during compression, the uniaxial compression process of AZ31 magnesium alloy was simulated by the molecular dynamics method, and the changes...
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To explore the effect of temperature on the phase transformation of HCP→FCC during compression, the uniaxial compression process of AZ31 magnesium alloy was simulated by the molecular dynamics method, and the changes of crystal structure and dislocation evolution were observed. The effects of temperature on mechanical properties, crystal structure, and dislocation evolution of magnesium alloy during compression were analyzed. It is concluded that some of the Shockley partial dislocation is related to FCC stacking faults. With the help of TEM characterization, the correctness of the correlation between some of the dislocations and FCC stacking faults is verified. Through the combination of simulation and experiment, this paper provides an idea for the in-depth study of the solid-phase transformation of magnesium alloys and provides reference and guidance for the design of magnesium alloys with good plasticity and formability at room temperature.
Currently,the major challenge in terms of research on K-ion batteries is to ensure that they possess satisfactory cycle stability and specific capacity,especially in terms of the intrinsically sluggish kinetics induce...
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Currently,the major challenge in terms of research on K-ion batteries is to ensure that they possess satisfactory cycle stability and specific capacity,especially in terms of the intrinsically sluggish kinetics induced by the large radius of K+***,we explore high-performance K-ion half/full batteries with high rate capability,high specific capacity,and extremely durable cycle stability based on carbon nanosheets with tailored N dopants,which can alleviate the change of volume,increase electronic conductivity,and enhance the K+ion *** as-assembled K-ion half-batteries show an excellent rate capability of 468 mA h g^(−1) at 100 mA g^(−1),which is superior to those of most carbon materials reported to ***,the as-assembled half-cells have an outstanding life span,running 40,000 cycles over 8 months with a specific capacity retention of 100%at a high current density of 2000 mA g^(−1),and the target full cells deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 146 mA h g^(−1) after 2000 cycles over 2 months,with a specific capacity retention of 113%at a high current density of 500 mA g^(−1),both of which are state of the art in the field of K-ion *** study might provide some insights into and potential avenues for exploration of advanced K-ion batteries with durable stability for practical applications.
As one novel reinforcement used in magnesium composite,nano-layered flaky ternary MAX particle exhibits interesting anisotropic ceramic and metal *** order to accurately simulate the mechanical properties and damage b...
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As one novel reinforcement used in magnesium composite,nano-layered flaky ternary MAX particle exhibits interesting anisotropic ceramic and metal *** order to accurately simulate the mechanical properties and damage behavior of MAX particle reinforced magnesium composite,we developed one finite element(FE)model based on 2D and 3D microstructural observations of 10 vol.%Ti_(2)AlC-AZ91D *** improve the accuracy,matrix ductile damage,particle internal delamination deformation behaviors,and particle-matrix interfacial behaviors were respectively introduced into this *** visual deformation processes of crack generation and propagation were carefully presented and *** effects of interfacial strength and particle orientation on material properties were systematically investigated.
Temperature regulating fibers(TRF_(s)) with high enthalpy and high form stability are the key factors for thermal management. However, the enthalpies of most TRFsare not high, and the preparation methods are still at ...
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Temperature regulating fibers(TRF_(s)) with high enthalpy and high form stability are the key factors for thermal management. However, the enthalpies of most TRFsare not high, and the preparation methods are still at the laboratory scale. It remains a great challenge to use industrial spinning equipment to achieve continuous processing of TRF_(s) with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Here, polyamide 6(PA6) based TRF_(s) with a sheath-core structure were prepared by bicomponent melt-spinning. The sheath-core TRF(TRF_(sc)) are composed of PA6 as sheath and functional PA6 as core, which are filled with the shape stable phase change materials(ssPCM),dendritic silica@polyethylene glycol(SiO_(2)@PEG). With the aid of the sheath structure, the filling content of SiO_(2)@PEG can reach 30 %, so that the enthalpy of the TRF_(s) can be as high as 21.3 J/g. The ultra-high enthalpy guarantees the temperature regulation ability during the alternating process of cooling and heating. In hot environment, the temperature regulation time is 6.59 min, and the temperature difference is 12.93℃. In addition, the mechanical strength of the prepared TRF_(sc) reaches 2.26 cN/dtex, which can fully meet its application in the field of thermal management textiles and devices to manage the temperature regulation of the human body or precision equipment, etc.
Eutectic high entropy alloys are noted for their excellent castability and comprehensive mechanical *** excellent mechanical properties are closely related to the activation and evolution of deformation mechanisms at ...
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Eutectic high entropy alloys are noted for their excellent castability and comprehensive mechanical *** excellent mechanical properties are closely related to the activation and evolution of deformation mechanisms at the atomic *** this work,AlCoCrFeNi2.1 alloy is taken as the research *** mechanical behaviors and deformation mechanisms of the FCC and B2 single crystals with different orientations and the FCC/B2 composites with K-S orientation relationship during nanoindentation processes are systematically studied by molecular dynamics *** results show that the mechanical behaviors of FCC single crystals are significantly orientation-dependent,meanwhile,the indentation force of[110]single crystal is the lowest at the elastic-plastic transition point,and that for[100]single crystal is the lowest in plastic deformation *** with FCC,the stress for B2 single crystals at the elastic-plastic transition point is ***,more deformation systems such as stacking faults,twins and dislocation loops are activated in FCC single crystal during the plastic deformation process,resulting in higher indentation *** composites,the flow stress increases with the increase of B2 phase thickness during the initial stage of *** indenter penetrates heterogeneous interface,the significantly increased deformation system in FCC phase leads to a significant increase in indentation *** mechanical behaviors and deformation mechanisms depend on the component single *** the thickness of the component layer is less than 15 nm,the heterogeneous interfaces fail to prevent the dislocation slip and improve the indentation *** results will enrich the plastic deformation mechanisms of multi-principal eutectic alloys and provide guidance for the design of nanocrystalline metallic materials.
Gradient nano-grained structure is frequently engineered into metallic materials,including Mg alloys,to achieve superior combination of strength and ***,the influence of this microstructural feature on aging precipita...
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Gradient nano-grained structure is frequently engineered into metallic materials,including Mg alloys,to achieve superior combination of strength and ***,the influence of this microstructural feature on aging precipitation behavior remains inadequately *** this study,the age-precipitation behavior of a gradient nano-grained Mg-Gd-Ag-Zr alloy prepared via ultrasonic severe surface rolling was *** result indicates that the aging precipitation behavior exhibits a depth-dependent variation within this *** the nano-grained surface layer,hierarchicalβnano-precipitates are predominant,while at greater depths,the precipitates consist ofβnanoparticles located at grain boundaries,along with intragranularβ′andγ″*** formation ofβnano-precipitates deviates from the conventional precipitation behavior observed in Mg-Gd-Ag alloys,and is attributed to the high density of defects induced by the surface nano-grained *** finding advances our understanding of the precipitation behavior in the alloys with heterogeneous microstructure.
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