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Pressure sensor with wide detection range and high sensitivity for wearable human health monitoring

Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第4期46卷 72-79页

作者： Lingchen Liu Ying Yuan Hao Xu Xiaokun Qin Xiaofeng Wang Zheng Lou Lili Wang State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry College of Material Science and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Sino-Russian International Joint Laboratory for Clean Energy and Energy Conversion Technology College of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

High-performance flexible pressure sensors have garnered significant attention in fields such as wearable electronics and human-machine ***,the development of flexible pressure sensors that simultaneously achieve high sensitivity,a wide detection range,and good mechanical stability remains a *** this paper,we propose a flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor based on a Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx(MXene)/polyethylene oxide(PEO)composite nanofiber membrane(CNM).The sensor,utilizing MXene(0.4 wt%)/PEO(5 wt%),exhibits high sensitivity(44.34 kPa^(−1)at 0−50 kPa,12.99 kPa^(−1)at 50−500 kPa)and can reliably monitor physiological signals and other subtle ***,the sensor features a wide detection range(0−500 kPa),fast response and recovery time(~150/45 ms),and excellent mechanical stability(over 10000 pressure cycles at maximum load).Through an MXene/PEO sensor array,we demonstrate its applications in human physiological signal monitoring,providing a reliable way to expand the application of MXene-based flexible pressure sensors.

关键词： flexible pressure sensor wide detection range high sensitivity pulse wave detection

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50-femtosecond all polarization-maintaining fiber laser system at 1100 nm

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Optics Express 2025年第4期33卷 6850-6861页

作者： Wen, Junpeng Lin, Wei Wang, Wenlong Dong, Jiangli Xiu, Hao Fan, Yiheng Cui, Qingyue Yang, Fei Guo, Xiaoyang Liu, Yalong Wei, Xiaoming Yang, Zhongmin School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques Guangzhou510641 China Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultra-intense Laser and Advanced Material Technology Center for Intense Laser Application Technology College of Engineering Physics Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen518118 China Guangzhou Yangming Laser Technology Co. Ltd Guangzhou510663 China Research Institute of Future Technology South China Normal University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China

We demonstrate a robust high-energy all polarization-maintaining (PM) ultrashort pulse Yb-doped fiber laser system at 1100 nm that explores chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) for pre-chirp management. This all-PM fiber laser system delivers compressed pulses at a fundamental repetition rate of 81.56 MHz with a duration of 47 fs and pulse energy of ∼40 nJ. Experimental results reveal that the temperature variation of the CFBGs has a limited influence on the temporal characteristics of compressed pulses. The use of CFBGs in an all-PM-fiber configuration simplifies the implementation of pre-chirp managed amplification, making the laser system robust and compact for practical applications. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Fiber lasers

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Physico-Chemical Properties of Bio-Oils as Cutting Fluids: A Comparative Investigation

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第1期11卷 1-15页

作者： Deshpande, Viraja Jyothi, P.N. Shivaprasad, H.B. Gouder, Veeresha Prasad, C. Durga Research Scholar Department of Mechanical Engineering K S School of Engineering and Management Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering RNS Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering K S School of Engineering and Management Karnataka Bengaluru India Visvesvaraya Technological University Karnataka Belagavi India Department of Physics Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560064 India Department of Mechanical Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bengaluru RV Institute of Technology and Management Karnataka Bengaluru560076 India

In recent years, the employment of bio-oils as cutting fluids for metals has attracted interest. The physical and chemical properties of bio-oils determine their cutting fluid attributes. This study examines the physical and chemical characteristics of Sunflower, Karanja, and Neem oils. Since Sunflower oil is edible and has been shown by numerous experts to be an effective cutting fluid, its usage as a cutting fluid causes havoc between the food and machining industries. As a result, the qualities of Sunflower oil are assessed and contrasted with those of Karanja, Neem, and blends of these two oils in various ratios. Based on physical and chemical characteristics, a blend of 50% Neem and 50% Karanja oils has shown promising effects. The results indicate that the combination of Neem and Karanja oils can be used as cutting fluids in machining operations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Cutting fluids

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Single Crystal Growth and Magnetic Properties of Trigonal Phase HoAl3

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Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 2025年第3期38卷 1-8页

作者： He, Junbao He, Xuechao Liu, Bo Li, Jianyu Ma, Shishi Li, Xinyue Fu, Yu Liu, Congbin Chen, Yuqi Luo, Yongsong Liang, Hui Shi, Hao Henan International Joint Laboratory of MXene Materials Microstructure College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang473061 China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Hefei230601 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

We have successfully grown single crystalline trigonal-type HoAl3 sample and comprehensively investigated the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of both the single crystalline and powder samples. Magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements reveal that trigonal HoAl3 develops an antiferromagnetic order at TN = 9 K and this order can be continuously suppressed by an external magnetic field. Influenced by crystal electric field effect, HoAl3 possesses obvious magnetic anisotropy in paramagnetic state. The direction-dependent correlation of magnetic susceptibility, magnetic anomaly under specific magnetic fields, and magnetic field-induced magnetic transition suggest the magnetic easy axis tends to parallel to the ab-plane. The magnetic entropy change in isothermal process reflects that the magnetocaloric effect is almost isotropic. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Magnetic susceptibility

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Multi-pulse parallel demodulation for high-precision measurement in Raman-distributed optical fiber sensing

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年第11期43卷 5260-5269页

作者： Xu, Yang Li, Jian Chai, Mingyuan Zhang, Mingjiang Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan030024 China Taiyuan University of Technology College of Physics Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030032 China

Raman distributed temperature sensors enables distributed measurement of temperature along the sensing fiber, which is widely used in production. Due to the limitation of the optical time-domain reflection principle, the temperature measurement accuracy of the sensors will be seriously affected when the length of the temperature variation region is shorter than the pulse width. In this work, the relationship between pulse width, fiber under test (FUT) length and FUT temperature is firstly studied. Then, a multi-pulse parallel demodulation scheme is proposed. The experiments depict that a temperature measurement accuracy is optimized from over 30°C to 1.55 °C with a 0.2 m temperature variation region over 5.6 km. The scheme is based on multi-pulse parallel measurements combined with numerical simulations to achieve equivalent short pulse measurements of the small-region temperature variation without changing the hardware structure of the sensors. This scheme reduces the hardware requirements of the sensors and avoids the problems of sensing distance reduction and signal-to-noise ratio deterioration caused by shortening the pulse width. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demodulation

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Evaluation of HVOF Sprayed and Burnished WC-Co-Cr Coatings on Boiler Steel: Mechanical and Microstructural Properties

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第2期11卷 1-12页

作者： Agnihotri, Atul Vasudev, Hitesh Singh, Gurbhej Singh, Suresh Hosalli, Rajashekhar Veeresha, G. Prasad, C. Durga Balu, Ranjith Tiwari, Amit Department of Mechanical Engineering Khalsa College of Engineering and Technology Amritsar India School of Mechanical Engineering Lovely Professional University Phagwara144411 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Amritsar Group of Colleges Punjab Meharbanpur143109 India Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh Baddi174103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru560111 India Department of Mechanical Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering RV Institute of Technology and Management Karnataka Bengaluru560076 India Department of Physics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Thandalam Tamilnadu Chennai602105 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Suresh Gyan Vihar University Jaipur India

Corrosion represents a significant contributor to the failure of metallic transmission pipelines and has a profound impact on the reliability and safety of coal-fired boilers. Numerous non-metallic coatings and evaluation methodologies have been investigated through various coating techniques to mitigate and minimize the effects of hot corrosion. Nevertheless, there remains a pressing need for the development of reliable, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable corrosion mitigation strategies. Thermal metallic sprayed coatings have demonstrated considerable efficacy in preventing hot corrosion under authentic boiler conditions while maintaining a cost-effective profile. This research investigates the deposition of WC-Co-Cr coatings onto ASME SA213-T11 boiler steel via the High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) process. Furthermore, a burnishing process is employed post-deposition to enhance the coatings’ properties. Comprehensive characterization of both burnished and as-sprayed coated specimens was conducted utilizing optical metallography techniques. The investigation also encompassed assessments of microhardness and porosity. The HVOF spray technique enabled the fabrication of coatings characterized by high density and low porosity. The application of the burnishing process subsequent to the treatment resulted in a notable reduction of interconnected porosity within the coatings. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Burnishing

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Divertor heat flux challenge and mitigation in the EHL-2 spherical torus

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Plasma Science and technology 2025年第2期27卷 97-109页

作者： Fuqiong WANG Xiang GU Jiankun HUA Yumin WANG Xiaokun BO Bo CHEN Yuejiang SHI Shuai XU Erhui WANG Yunfeng LIANG the EHL-2 Team College of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion Langfang 065001People’s Republic of China ENN Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd.Langfang 065001People’s Republic of China International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management-Plasma PhysicsJülich 52425Germany

The divertor design is critical to heat load handling and thus to achievements of highperformance plasma operations in the EHL-2(ENN He-Long 2)*** paper presents the design of an X-point target(XPT)divertor,featuring a conventional inner divertor and an XPT outer divertor,aimed at the effective control of heat loads,which may be extremely high during high ion temperature *** divertor target plates are made from carbon-based materials,which can handle heat loads of up to 5 MW/m².Divertor performances,including the heat load controllability,the onset of detachment and the in-out/up-down asymmetry,etc.,are evaluated using both the simple particle-tracking strategy and the complicated SOLPS-ITER *** attention is paid to the drift effects on particle/heat transport in the divertor/scrape-off layer region and on the divertor heat loads,focusing on the semi-detached/detached operation *** from SOLPS-ITER simulations demonstrated that the currently designed magnetic equilibrium and divertor configuration can effectively handle the power heat load in EHL-2.

关键词： heat flux divertor EHL-2

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A nuclide identification method ofγspectrum and model building based on the transformer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 80-93页

作者： Fei Li Chu-Yang Luo Ying-Zi Wen Sheng Lv Feng Cheng Guo-Qiang Zeng Jian-Feng Jiang Bing-Hai Li College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610000China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China Department of Physics Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08028Spain Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Detection and Remote Sensing Technology Shijiazhuang 050000China

In current neural network algorithms for nuclide identification in high-background,poor-resolution detectors,traditional network paradigms including back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,recurrent neural networks,etc.,have been limited in research on γ spectrum analysis because of their inherent mathematical *** is difficult to make progress in terms of training data requirements and prediction *** contrast to traditional network paradigms,network models based on the transformer structure have the characteristics of parallel computing,position encoding,and deep stacking,which have enabled good performance in natural language processing tasks in recent ***,in this paper,a transformer-based neural network (TBNN) model is proposed to achieve nuclide identification for the first ***,the Geant4 program was used to generate the basic single-nuclide energy spectrum through Monte Carlo simulations.A multi-nuclide energy spectrum database was established for neural network training using random matrices of γ-ray energy,activity,and *** on the encoder–decoder structure,a network topology based on the transformer was built,transforming the 1024-channel energy spectrum data into a 32×32 energy spectrum sequence as the model *** experiments and adjustments of model parameters,including the learning rate of the TBNN model,number of attention heads,and number of network stacking layers,the overall recognition rate reached 98.7%.Additionally,this database was used for training AI models such as back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,residual networks,and long shortterm memory neural networks,with overall recognition rates of 92.8%,95.3%,96.3%,and 96.6%,*** indicates that the TBNN model exhibited better nuclide identification among these AI models,providing an important reference and theoretical basis for the practical application of transformers in the qualitative and quantitativ

关键词： Nuclide identification Neural network Transformer

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Effect of B2O3 on physical, thermal, optical and structural properties of zinc lead selenate glasses

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第2期57卷 1-22页

作者： Kalsani, Venkateshwarlu Sripada, Suresh Department of Physics JNTUH College of Engineering Sultanpur Telangana Pulkal Sangareddy502273 India Department of H & S Balaji Institute of Technology & Science Telangana Laknepally Narsampet Warangal506331 India

Glass containing zinc-lead boroselenate glasses with the formula 10ZnO–20PbO2-xB2O3–(70 − x)SeO2 (where 10 ≤ x ≤ 60 mol%) were prepared using the conventional melt quenching method. Several physical properties, including density and molar volume, were determined. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), revealing a decrease in Tg from 347 to 426 °C as the B2O3 content increased. Optical absorption studies showed that as the SeO2 content decreased, the cutoff wavelength increased while the optical band gap energy (Eopt) and Urbach energy (ΔE) decreased. The Eopt values for these glasses ranged from 2.699 to 2.091 eV, while ΔE values fell between 0.232 and 0.351 eV. FTIR measurements revealed that SeO3 tetragonal and SeO4 pyramidal units, as well as BO3 and BO4 units, were present in the network structure of these glasses. Additionally, Raman spectra identified distinct structural units. The FTIR and Raman spectra did not show any specific SeO2 absorption bands. However, the presence of SeO2 in the glass matrix changed how PbO2, ZnO, and B2O3 were absorbed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Glass transition

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Highly efficient catalytic transfer hydrogenation for the conversion of nitrobenzene to aniline over PdO/TiO_(2):The key role of in situ switching from PdO to Pd

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 515-528页

作者： Anqi Lu Xiaokang Xiang Ming Lei Shuangshuang Huang Bingbing Liang Siyu Zhao Lihua Zhu Heqing Tang College of Resources and Environmental Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Physics and Technology Center for Electron MicroscopyMOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structuresand Institute for Advance StudiesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline is very important for both pollution control and chemical ***,difficulties still remain in developing a catalytic system having high efficiency and selectivity for the production of ***,it was found that PdO nanoparticles highly dispersed on TiO_(2)support(PdO/TiO_(2))functioned as a highly efficient catalyst for the reduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of *** favorable conditions,95%of the added nitrobenzene(1 mmol/L)was reduced within 1 min with an ultra-low apparent activation energy of 10.8 kJ/mol by using 0.5%PdO/TiO_(2)as catalysts and 2 mmol/L of NaBH4 as reductants,and the selectivity to aniline even reached up to 98%.The active hydrogen specieswere perceived as dominant species during the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene by the results of isotope labeling experiments and ESR spectroscopic.A mechanismwas proposed as follows:PdO activates the nitro groups and leads to in-situ generation of Pd,and the generated Pd acts as the reduction sites to produce active hydrogen *** this catalytic system,nitrobenzene prefers to be adsorbed on the PdO nanoparticles of the PdO/TiO_(2)***,the addition of NaBH_(4) results in in-situ generation of a Pd/PdO/TiO_(2)composite from the PdO/TiO_(2)composite,and the Pd nanoclusters would activate NaBH_(4) to generate active hydrogen species to attack the adsorbed nitro *** work will open up a new approach for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline in green chemistry.

关键词： Catalytic transfer hydrogenation Reduction Pd Nitrobenzene Aniline

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