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Distributed Online Convex optimization with Time-Varying Constraints: Tighter Cumulative Constraint Violation Bounds under Slater's Condition

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年

作者： Yi, Xinlei Li, Xiuxian Yang, Tao Xie, Lihua Hong, Yiguang Chai, Tianyou Johansson, Karl H. National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology China Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems China Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lab for Information & Decision Systems CambridgeMA02139 United States Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Sweden Digital Futures Stockholm10044 Sweden

This paper considers distributed online convex optimization with time-varying constraints. In this setting, a network of agents makes decisions at each round, and then only a portion of the loss function and a coordinate block of the constraint function are privately revealed to each agent. The loss and constraint functions are convex and can vary arbitrarily across rounds. The agents collaborate to minimize static network regret and network cumulative constraint violation. A novel distributed online algorithm with a vanishing stepsize is proposed and it achieves an O(Tmax {c,1-c}) static network regret bound and an O(T1-c/2) network cumulative constraint violation bound, where T is the number of rounds and c∈ (0,1) is a user-defined trade-off parameter. When Slater's condition holds (i.e, there is a point that strictly satisfies the inequality constraints), the network cumulative constraint violation bound is reduced to O(T1-c). Moreover, if the loss functions are strongly convex, then static network regret bound is reduced to O(log (T)), and the network cumulative constraint violation bound is reduced to O(√log (T)T) and O(log (T)) without and with Slater's condition, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to achieve tighter (network) cumulative constraint violation bounds for (distributed) online convex optimization with time-varying constraints under Slater's condition. Finally, the theoretical results are verified through numerical simulations. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Deep and Localized Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rat Using Conventional Round Coil

Deep and Localized Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rat ...

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General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSI

作者： Mai. Lu Shoogo Ueno Key Lab. of Opt-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou Gansu China Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) shows significant values in both brain research and therapeutic applications in the treatment of various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Animal studies of TMS plays an important role in understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying TMS induced effects in the brain. This work investigated TMS in rat brain by employing conventional round coil with varied coil positions. Three dimensional distributions of induced electric field in realistic rat model were calculated by 3-D impedance method. Simulations results indicated that the conventional round coil can be applied to rat TMS with improved focality while also keeping high stimulation intensities in deep brain regions.

关键词： Neurological diseases Solid modeling Impedance measurement Transcranial magnetic stimulation Simulation Rats Brain modeling

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A Novel Magnetoelastic Biosensor Based on Pdms/Fesib/Qds Composite Film for African Swine Fever Virus Detections

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Yuanhang Sang, Shengbo Zhao, Dong Ge, Yang Xue, Juanjuan Duan, Qianqian Guo, Xing Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of The Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan030024 China

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe hemorrhagic disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The continuous spread of ASFV affects the safety of global meat supply, so the establishment of sensitive and specific detection methods for ASFV has become an important hot spot in food safety. Herein, we developed a flexible magnetoelastic (ME) biosensor based on PDMS/FeSiB/QDs composite films for the detection of ASFV. Based on the high luminescence performance of CsPbBr3 quantum dots and the excellent magnetoelastic effect of FeSiB, flexible ME biosensors convert stress signals generated by antibody-antigen-specific binding into optical and electromagnetic signals. The nanostructures covalently linked by quantum dots and PDMS provide biomodification sites for ASFV antibodies, simplifying the functionalization modification process compared to conventional biosensors. The deformation of the PDMS film is amplified and conversion of surface stress signal to electrical signal is enhanced by exposing the biosensor to a uniform magnetic field. The experimental results proved that the flexible ME biosensor has wide linear range of 10 ng/mL - 100 μg/mL, and the detection limit is as low as 0.7933 ng/mL. Moreover, the flexible ME biosensor have also shown to good stability, sensitivity and specificity. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biosensors

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Small-Size Zif-8/In2o3 Core-Shell Nanocomposites for Highly Specific Detection of Ppb-Level No2

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Hongtao Zhang, Yaodan Xie, Yuanchao Han, Dan Ma, Jianan Sang, Shengbo Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificiat Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan030024 China

The enhanced sensitivity and selectivity of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensors are paramount for atmospheric environmental monitoring. In this work, a novel small-size ZIF-8/In2O3 core-shell nanocubes gas sensor was fabricated using a straightforward solvothermal method, complemented by in situ modification. The ZIF-8 film markedly increased the specific surface area of In2O3 nanocubes from 60.64 m²/g to 140.84 m²/g. Concurrently, there was a rise in the content of adsorbed oxygen ions on the surface. The gas-sensing results demonstrated that the ZIF-8/In2O3 composites achieved a response of 56.3 to 1 ppm of NO2, with an exceptionally low detection limit of 1 ppb. Importantly, it exhibited unique selectivity for NO2 over other interfering gases. The outstanding NO2 gas-sensing performance of the ZIF-8/In2O3 composites can be attributed to the grain model effect inherent in the In2O3 (with side lengths of approximately 40-50 nm), along with the sensitization influence and filtering efficacy of ZIF-8. This advancement in gas sensor technology has significant potential for applications in the rapid detection of low-concentration NO2 gas. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Indium compounds

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Tuning Electrical Conductivity and Ultrafast optical Nonlinearity of R-Go Films Ablated by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Tao, Youliang Nie, Zhongquan Zhang, Xuefeng Pan, Deng Wang, Han College of Aeronautics and Astronautics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Institute of New Carbon Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui University 111 Jiu Long Road Hefei230601 China

Carbon-based nanomaterials with excellent electrical and optical properties are highly sought after for a plethora of hybrid applications ranging from advanced opto-electronic components to sustainable energy storage devices. In this contribution, we examine in detail the dependence of electrical conductivity and ultrafast optical nonlinearity of graphene oxide (GO) films on their degrees of reduction, as well as the link between the two properties. The GO films are first synthesized through the vacuum filtration method and then reduced partially controllably by the femtosecond laser direct writing with varying power doses. Subsequently, the 4-point probe measurements of the reduced GO (r-GO) films are demonstrated to exhibit superior resistivity and electrical conductivity compared with the pristine GO counterpart. It was found that the conductivity of the film increases and then decreases with increasing ablation laser power (P), GO was completely reduced at P = 100 mW with resistivity and electrical conductivity of 1.09 × 10-3Ω·m and 9.19 × 102s/m, respectively. GO was over reduced at P = 120 mW with resistivity and electrical conductivity being 3.72 × 10-3Ω·m and 2.69 × 102s/m, respectively. We further test the ultrafast optical nonlinearity (ONL) of the as-prepared pristine and reduced GO with the femtosecond Z-scan technique. The results show that the behavior of ONL is reversed whenever GO is reduced in a controlled manner. More interestingly, the higher the ablation laser power is, the stronger the optical nonlinearity of r-GO is. In particular, the nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of the r-GO films reach up to 3.26 × 10-8 m/W and -1.12 × 10-13 m2/W when P = 120 mW. The nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients reach 1.9 × 10-8 m/W and -3 × 10-13 m2/W, respectively, for P = 70 mW. The GO/r-GO films endowing tunable electro-optical responses are potential building blocks for wide-ranging applications in microelectronic circuits, optoele

关键词： Femtosecond lasers

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Design and Implementation of a Two-Limbed 3T1R Haptic Device

Design and Implementation of a Two-Limbed 3T1R Haptic Device

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Long Kang Yang Yang Byung-Ju Yi PCA Lab Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Xi'an Modern Control Technology Research Institute Xi'an China School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Department of the Electronic Systems Engineering Hanyang University Ansan South Korea

This paper presents a haptic device with a simple architecture of only two limbs that can provide translational motion in three degrees of freedom (DOF) and one-DOF rotational motion. Actuation redundancy eliminates all forward-kinematic singularities and improves the motion-force transmission property. Thanks to the special structure of the kinematic chains, all actuators are close to the base and full gravity compensation is achieved passively by using springs. Force producibility analysis shows that this haptic device is able to produce long-term continuous force feedback of 15–30 N in each direction. By developing a prototype of the haptic device and a virtual three-dimensional simulator, a preliminary performance evaluation of the haptic device was conducted. In addition, a torque distribution algorithm considering a relaxed form of actuator-torque saturation was experimentally evaluated, and a comparison with other algorithms reveals that this algorithm offers several advantages.

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Application of the High-Q Bouncing Ball Model Based on Fabry-Pérot Cavity for Alcohol Gas Concentration Detection

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sang, Luxiao Wang, Teng Zhao, Biao Ding, Jinyu Jian, Aoqun Sang, Shengbo Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan030031 China

This paper presents a method to enhance the Q factor of Fabry-Pérot cavities using a vertical dielectric interface (DI) made of silicon and air, which generates a bouncing ball model. The method is applied to detect alcohol gas concentrations with high resolution. Specifically, we introduce a 450 µm-thick silicon wafer into the Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity, where it is positioned at an angle of inclination. This addition considerably augments the light-matter interaction, effectively confining the light within the cavity. The Q factor of the FP cavity with DI is always higher than that of the open FP cavity in the inclination angle range of 0 to 1°. Moreover, the effective mode area of the FP cavity with DI is smaller. Furthermore, the FP cavity with DI reduces the effective mode area and diminishes the lateral walk-off loss experienced in the open FP cavity. Finally, we experimentally verified the effectiveness of this method by detecting alcohol gas concentrations ranging from 28.5 ppm to 142.5 ppm and achieving a Q factor improvement from 5.9×104 to 1.2×105. The system sensitivity was calculated to be 0.5294 pm/ppm, and the resolution obtained was 28.5 ppm. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon wafers

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Prompt-guided consistency learning for multi-label classification with incomplete labels

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Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society 2025年 190卷 107604页

作者： Shouwen Wang Qian Wan Zihan Zhang Zhigang Zeng School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Key Lab of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education Wuhan 430074 China. Independent Researcher Wuhan 430074 China. Key Lab of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education Wuhan 430074 China. Electronic address: zgzeng@***.

Addressing insufficient supervision and improving model generalization are essential for multi-label classification with incomplete annotations, i.e., partial and single positive labels. Recent studies incorporate pseudo-labels to provide additional supervision and enhance model generalization. However, the noise in pseudo-labels generated by the model tends to accumulate, resulting in confirmation bias during training. Self-correction methods, commonly used approaches for mitigating confirmation bias, rely on model predictions but remain susceptible to confirmation bias caused by visual confusion, including both visual ambiguity and similarity. To reduce visual confusion, we propose a prompt-guided consistency learning (PGCL) framework designed for two incomplete labeling settings. Specifically, we introduce an intra-category supervised contrastive loss, which imposes consistency constraints on reliable positive class samples in the feature space of each category, rather than across the feature space of all categories, as in traditional inter-category supervised contrastive loss. Building on this, the distinction between true positive and visual confusion samples for each category is enhanced through label-level contrasting of the same category. Additionally, we develop a class-specific semantic decoupling module that leverages CLIP's strong vision-language alignment capability, since the proposed contrastive loss requires high-quality label-level representations as contrastive samples. Extensive experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate that our method can effectively address the problems of two incomplete labeling settings and achieve state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： Confirmation bias Contrastive learning Incomplete labels Multi-label classification Pseudo-labeling Semantic decoupling

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Health Monitoring of Long-Haul Fiber Communication System Using Chaotic OTDR

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China Communications 2020年第5期17卷 1-11页

作者： Mengmeng Chen Mingjiang Zhang Shaoxiang Chen Jianguo Zhang Senlin Yan Yuncai Wang School of Electronic Engineering Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing 211171China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems Ministry of Education and Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030024China Institute of Optoelectronic Engineering College of Physics&OptoelectronicsTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Photonics InstituteNanyang Technological University639798Singapore School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

A novel chaotic optical time-domain reflectometry(OTDR)-based approach was proposed for monitoring long-haul fiber communication systems with multiple fiber segments. The self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion effects of the optical cable was considered in demonstrating the proof-of-concept experiment and simulation. In experiments, the correlation peaks are clearly obtained from the correlation trace between the reference and reflected(or scattered) light signals propagating in three optical-fiber segments. The technique affords a high spatial resolution of 2 m, and further long-haul fiber simulations indicate that the sensing distance can be more than 3300 km. Thus, the new proposed technique can be effectively applied for health monitoring of long-haul fiber communication systems.

关键词： fiber communication system chaotic signal optical time domain reflectometry

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Research on Highly Anti-Humidity and Selective NO2 Detection Based on GaN/MoO3 N-N Heterojunction

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hong, Yutao Han, Dan Li, Donghui He, Xiuli Zhao, Li Wang, Weidong Li, Hongwei Sang, Shengbo Liang, Hua Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Bioengineering Research Center Medical Innovation Research Division Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences China

Effective and accuratedetection of NO2 gas is crucial for protecting the environment and public health. In this work, balsam pear-like GaN/MoO3 porous nanosheets (GaN/MoO3) composites were synthesized by the in situ assembling, the hydrothermal method, and the nitridation process to detect NO2. A series of characterization methods were used to manifest the successful synthesis and to analyze the morphology and elemental composition features of GaN/MoO3 composites. The results of the gas-sensing experiments show that at the operating temperature of 225 °C, the gas sensor based on the optimal ratio of GaN/MoO3 composites exhibits a low theoretical limit of detection (0.78 ppb) for NO2, which is significantly improved compared with the limit of detection of MoO3 (5 ppm). Further, the response value of the sensor based on GaN/MoO3 composites to 200 ppm NO2 (44.74) is 4.36 times higher than that of the sensor based on pure GaN, with an improvement in stability. Meanwhile, the sensor also possessed excellent repeatability, selectivity, stability, and splendid anti-humidity ability at 15-70 % RH. The improved gas-sensing performance is ascribed to the unique microstructure of both GaN and MoO3, and the heterojunction effect between them. This work provides a way to improve the efficiency and anti-humidity ability of real-time monitoring of NO2 for the sensors of MoO3-based composite. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gallium nitride

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