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Performance Analysis for 100 Gb/s High-Speed Intersatellite Coherent Optical communication

Laser and Optoelectronics Progress 2025年第9期62卷

作者： Wu, Lijia Chen, Yunpeng Qiu, Xiaoyu Lin, Hong Li, Jinjiang Zhang, Jing Qiu, Kun Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication Ministry of Education University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu611731 China Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment Sichuan Chengdu610036 China

With the increasing global demand for high-speed satellite communication, 100 Gb/s intersatellite coherent optical communication technology is becoming the main solution for efficient intersatellite data transmission. The application of coherent optical communication significantly improves the data transmission rate, can satisfy the requirements for large-capacity data transmission, and is suitable for communication between low Earth orbit. Intersatellite coherent optical communication technology, combined with digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm, reduces bit error rate (BER) and ensures reliable transmission via effective channel equalization and signal demodulation. In this study, high order modulation scheme combined with DSP is used to verify 100 Gb/s link transmission performance, and the influence of satellite pointing error and inter-satellite distance on transmission performance is analyzed. The simulation results show that quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) exhibits stronger robustness to satellite pointing error and inter-satellite distance than 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signal under 100 Gb/s transmission. At a BER of 3. 8×10−3, the pointing error and intersatellite distance tolerance of QPSK are 1. 3 and 1. 8 times those of 16-QAM signal, respectively. The spectrum efficiency of 16-QAM signal is higher, which can reduce the requirements of bandwidth and sampling rate of photoelectric devices. Therefore, in a future 100 Gb/s inter-satellite coherent optical communication system, the device bandwidth and satellite dynamic characteristics can be comprehensively considered to complete the system design. © 2025 Universitat zu Koln. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quadrature amplitude modulation

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Zinc-Doping-Induced Electronic States Modulation of Molybdenum Carbide: Expediting Rate-Determining Steps of Sulfur Conversion in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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Advanced science 2025年第0期 e2417126页

作者： Qin, Bin Li, Yanmei Wang, Qun Zhang, Si Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bin Wang, Peijia Chen, Yuhan Yao, Weiqi Wang, Fang Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan030001 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnetic Materials and Devices & Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan030001 China Basic Department Shanxi Agricultural University Jinzhong030801 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Enhancing Li2S deposition and oxidation kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries, especially the potential-limiting step under lean electrolyte, can be effectively achieved by developing conductive catalysts. In this study, by using ZnMoO4 as precursors, Zn-doped molybdenum carbide microflowers (Zn-Mo2C) composed of speared porous sheets are fabricated with a hierarchically ordered structure. Density functional theory calculations indicate that Zn doping shifts the d-band center on Mo atoms in Mo2C upward, promotes the elevation of certain antibonding orbitals in Mo─S bonds above the Fermi level, enhances d-p interaction between lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and catalysts, weakens both S─S and Li─S bonds of LiPSs. Incorporating Zn significantly reduces the Gibbs free energy barrier for the rate-limiting step of the Li2S2 → Li2S conversion, from 0.52 eV for Mo2C to just 0.05 eV for Zn-doped Mo2C. Thus, the synthesized Zn-Mo2C demonstrates impressive bifunctional electrocatalytic performance, significantly advancing sulfur reduction and Li2S decomposition. Moreover, this modification enhances charge transfer within the Zn-Mo2C/LiPSs system, synergistically accelerating the kinetics of Li2S4 to Li2S reduction and Li2S oxidation. The Zn-Mo2C/S cathode demonstrates impressive electrochemical performance, achieves remarkable cycling stability with a minimal capacity decay of 0.021% per cycle over 1000 cycles at 5 C, underscoring its potential for high-energy applications. © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Gibbs free energy

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Design, Simulation and Measurement of Metapocket: An All-textile Reflective Metasurface for On-body Smartphone Radiation Improvement

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Zhai, Menglin Tian, Wandai Pei, Rui Xu, Chen Leach, Mark Lim, Eng Gee Wang, Zhao Wang, Jingchen Hua, Qiang Akinsolu, Mobayode Liu, Bo Huang, Yi the College of information science and technology Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Engineering Research Center of Digitized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of Education Shanghai China the School of Advanced Technology Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University Suzhou215123 China vivo mobile Communication Co. Ltd. China Department of Engineering and Technology School of Computing and Engineering University of Huddersfield HuddersfieldHD1 3DH United Kingdom the Faculty of Arts Science and Technology Wrexham University WrexhamLL11 2AW United Kingdom the James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8LU United Kingdom the Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom

A polarization-independent all-textile reflective metasurface – the metapocket, is presented in this paper. This design aims at enhancing gain, and radiation efficiency and reducing the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of a smartphone antenna when it is placed inside a jacket pocket close to the human body. During the design process, the state-of-the-art smartphone structure, the impact of varying unit cell numbers on reflectivity and the nature of textile materials have been taken into consideration. Also, an AI-driven antenna design algorithm is employed. Full wave simulations with a voxel human body model and real measurement with smartphone vivo iQOO validate the effectiveness of the metapocket. The effect of applying the metapocket is quantified with an anechoic chamber radiation pattern measurement and a reverberation chamber radiation efficiency measurement. Results reveal a 3.17 dB realized gain increase, 34.37% radiation efficiency improvement, and a more than 85% SAR reduction are achieved in the on-body scenario. The proposed design has a high potential for improving smartphone communication with various Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable devices. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved,

关键词： Reverberation

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3D modeling and fluid flow simulations along fault zone affected by silicification in Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

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Journal of South American Earth sciences 2025年 161卷

作者： Rocha, Renan Nicolau Ribeiro da Nogueira, Francisco Cézar Costa Pontes, Cayo Cesar Cortez Gomes, Thiago Pedro de Lira Vasconcelos, David Lino Palhano, Leonardo Carvalho Souza, Jorge Andre Braz de Perez, Yoe Alain Reyes Nicchio, Matheus Amador Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering and Management Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Bahia Jacobina Brazil Department of Petroleum Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Postgraduate Program in Geophysics and Geodynamics Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Petroleum Science and Engineering State University of Campinas São Paulo Brazil Petrobras Research Center Rio de Janeiro Brazil Sedimentary Geology Laboratory Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Fault zones are known to influence the petrophysical properties of the rocks that accommodate deformation. However, the effect of a fault zone containing deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on fluid flow remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of the coexistence of deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on the fluid flow based on a outcrop composed of conglomeratic sandstone within the damage zone of the Portalegre Fault in the Rio do Peixe Basin, an analog of siliciclastic reservoir in the northeastern of Brazil. Previous studies divided this outcrop into three zones according to the presence and degree of silicification: Zone I (non-silicified), Zone II (moderately silicified), and Zone III (intensively silicified). Porosity and permeability models were constructed for each zone, and numerical fluid flow simulations were conducted. Our results showed significant alteration of the permoporous properties, leading to significant fluid flow anisotropy. Zone I exhibited the highest oil recovery, with an average recovery factor of 34 %. Flow analysis revealed that silicification controlled the flow direction, and deformation bands were overridden by silicification. The silicification process led to a significant increase in anisotropy, which was crucial for enhancing sweep efficiency. This alteration elevated the tortuosity of fluid flow, thereby improving the lateral sweep efficiency within the study area. This process reduced hydrodynamic properties, causing strong permeability anisotropy, primarily attributed to mineral dissolution and the formation of preferential flow paths. The results from this research offer new insights into fluid flow prediction and production optimization for reservoirs with similar fault-related siliciclastic characteristics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Deformation bands Fault zones Geological modeling Numerical simulation Rio do Peixe Basin Siliciclastic reservoirs Silicification

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Several classes of linear codes with few weights derived from Weil sums

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Hu, Zhao Qiu, Mingxiu Li, Nian Tang, Xiaohu Wu, Liwei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing System and Security Hubei University Ministry of Education Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Connected Vehicle Network Security School of Cyber Science and Technology Hubei University Wuhan430062 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xi’an710071 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei University Wuhan430062 China Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610031 China Wuhan Maritime Communication Research Institute China

Linear codes with few weights have applications in secret sharing, authentication codes, association schemes and strongly regular graphs. In this paper, several classes of t-weight linear codes over Fq are presented with the defining sets given by the intersection, difference and union of two certain sets, where t = 3, 4, 5, 6 and q is an odd prime power. By using Weil sums and Gauss sums, the parameters and weight distributions of these codes are determined completely. Moreover, three classes of optimal codes meeting the Griesmer bound are obtained, and computer experiments show that many (almost) optimal codes can be derived from our constructions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Weibull distribution

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Assessing the potential for producing compost pellets with binders from cassava industry by-products and supplemented with Trichoderma

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Juntahum, Suchat Klinsukon, Chaiya Senawong, Kritsadang Katekaew, Somporn Sokudlor, Nuttaphon Laloon, Kittipong GMS Food Energy Water Security Research Institute Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Postharvest Technology Innovation Center Science Research and Innovation Promotion and Utilization Division Office of the Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Bangkok 10400 Thailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Innovative Agricultural Program Faculty of Agricultural Khon Kaen University 40002 Thailand General Education Teaching Institute Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Agricultural Machinery Research Center at Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand

Agricultural waste recycling enhances soil health and crop productivity sustainably. Composting, which reclaims waste, combined with Trichoderma-supplemented pelleting technologies improve usability and biocontrol for plant disease suppression. The objective of this study was to develop cow manure compost pellets enriched with T. hamatum and biochar using cassava byproduct binders (peel, tuber, and starch), and compare them with binder-free pellets. After composting, these mixtures were pelletized using a flat-die pellet mill and evaluated for their physical properties, plant growth promotion, and biocontrol potential. Composting produces nutrient-rich and non-phytotoxic materials suitable for pelleting. The addition of binders improved production efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced pellet properties such as size, density, durability, and wettability. Among the binders, tubers achieved the highest pellet density (1298.04 kg m⁻³), whereas cassava starch resulted in the best formation (95.40 %) and durability (95.88 %). Mixing biochar helped to maintain pellet porosity, which facilitated solubility and nutrient release upon application. T. hamatum germination from pellets inhibited Sclerotium rolfsii growth by 62.5 % in vitro. Pellet application reduced S. rolfsii-induced disease severity by 77.4 %, enhanced plant growth and biomass, and increased soil nitrogen (32.2 %), phosphorus (38.9 %), and potassium (38.9 %) content in pot trials. These findings highlight the role of Trichoderma and biochar in compost pellets as sustainable bio-fungicides and soil enhancers. This study provides a foundation for optimizing compost pellets by utilizing agro-waste binders to improve pellet quality and agricultural applications. © 2025

关键词： Agricultural waste Biochar Compost Pelletization Plant pathogens Trichoderma

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Four Decades of Atmospheric Mercury Records at Mt. Everest Reveals Significant Reduction in Anthropogenic Mercury Emissions Over the Past Decade

ACS ES&T Air

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ACS ES&T Air 2025年第5期2卷 824-836页

作者： Ruoyu Sun Rui Zhang Yuchen Yang Yi Liu Wang Zheng Qianggong Zhang Huiming Lin Yindong Tong Yanxu Zhang James Schauer Xuejun Wang Jiubin Chen Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China；Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Eco-environmental Protection of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (Ministry of Education) School of Ecology and Environment Tibet University Lhasa 850000 China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 United States

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal of global concern, with its anthropogenic emissions strictly controlled by the Minamata Convention on Mercury. The effectiveness of this convention is evaluated by global atmospheric Hg monitoring among other indicators. However, it is uncertain to directly link anthropogenic Hg emissions to atmospheric Hg concentrations mainly due to legacy Hg re-emissions. Here, we reconstructed the past atmospheric Hg concentrations and isotope compositions using the annually resolved (1982–2020) leaves ofAndrosace tapeteat Mt. Everest, Tibetan Plateau. Our reconstruction indicates that the atmospheric Hg concentrations increased from the early 1980s to 2002 (3.31 ng m–3), followed by a large (∼70%) decline until 2020 (0.90 ng m–3). The declining trend of atmospheric Hg concentrations resembles those observed at North Hemisphere background sites, particularly in Chinese rural areas. Notably, there has been an increasing enrichment of light isotopes in atmospheric Hg over the past decade. Using an isotope mixing model based on δ202Hg, we show that the atmospheric Hg has declined over the past decade that is mainly driven by reduced anthropogenic emissions. The contributions of the terrestrial legacy re-emissions are rather stable, but their atmospheric fractions increased from ∼44% in 2010 to ∼62% in 2020. Given the importance of legacy Hg, the current strategies should prioritize assessing legacy Hg remobilization.

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NAD⁺ modulation of intestinal macrophages renders anti-inflammatory functionality and ameliorates gut inflammation

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Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2025年 185卷 117938-117938页

作者： Kim, Young-In Ko, Inseok Yi, Eun-Je Kim, Jusik Hong, Yong Rae Lee, Wheeseong Chang, Sun-Young Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) Ajou University Suwon 16499 South Korea Korea Initiative for fostering University of Research and Innovation (KIURI) Program Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon 16499 South Korea Lmito Therapeutics Yongin-si 16827 South Korea Department of Chemistry Education Graduate Department of Chemical Materials Pusan National University Busan South Korea

Macrophages can maintain gut immune homeostasis by driving clearance of infection, but also can prevent chronic inflammation and induce tissue repair. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) levels in macrophages have been reported to be associated with the onset of severe colitis. Given that dysregulation of gut macrophages plays a significant role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), they represent a potential target for novel therapies. Here we show an IBD therapeutic candidate LMT503, a substrate that modulates NADH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), which induces anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization by NAD⁺ enhancement. To determine the anti-inflammatory effect of LMT503, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model was used in this study. Treatment of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with LMT503 increased IL-10 and Arg1 levels but decreased levels of TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6. LMT503 also increased levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6, suggesting that macrophages were driven to an anti-inflammatory character. In a murine DSS-induced colitis model, oral treatment with LMT503 ameliorated colonic inflammation and decreased infiltrating monocytes and neutrophils. Although NAD⁺ enhancement did not alter CX₃CR1^intCD206^- or CX₃CR1^hiCD206⁺ colon macrophage population, it decreased levels of TNF-α and iNOS and increased IL-10 level, with colonic macrophages showing an anti-inflammatory character shift. Depletion of CX₃CR1 expressing gut resident macrophages abrogated the immune regulatory effect of LMT503 in the colon. These data suggest that LMT503 is a therapeutic candidate that can target macrophages to drive polarization with an immunosuppressive character and ameliorate IBD. © 2025

关键词： Colon Gut macrophage Inflammatory bowel disease Macrophage polarization NAD+ modulation

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Recent advances in kefiran polymer to produce nanofibers and films for food packaging applications

Food and Humanity

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Food and Humanity 2025年 4卷

作者： Oliveira Filho, Josemar Gonçalves de Duarte, Larissa Graziele Rauber Belo, Lúcio Souza, Tainá Francisca Cordeiro de Bitencourt, Ana Helena Yamim, Samira Tosatti Egea, Mariana Buranelo Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA) Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Embrapa Instrumentation SP São Carlos Brazil School of Food Engineering University of Campinas (UNICAMP) SP Campinas 13083-862 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology School of Agronomy Federal University of Goiás (UFG) Goiânia 74690-900 Brazil Goiano Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Campus Rio Verde Goiás Rio Verde 75901-970 Brazil

This review aims to analyze the state of the art in using kefiran as a biopolymer to produce films and nanofibers for applications in food packaging. Due to the non-biodegradability of plastic food packaging and the problems associated with its use and disposal, more environmentally friendly alternatives have been studied. Biopolymers of plant, animal, and microbial origin have been studied as possible replacements for plastic packaging due to their biodegradable nature. In this context, microbial exopolysaccharides have gained prominence. Once the best cultivation conditions have been established, the molecules produced present consistent chemical and physical characteristics, generally superior to those of other natural biopolymers of plant and animal origin. Among these microbial exopolysaccharides, kefiran, a polysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus species in the microbiota of kefir biomass, has aroused interest in the scientific community due to its bioactive properties, such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, in addition to its biocompatibility and film-forming capacity and nanofibers. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Antimicrobial activity Exopolysaccharides Kefir Lactobacillus

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A Unified Framework for Foreground and Anonymization Area Segmentation in CT and MRI Data

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Nohel, Michal Ulrich, Constantin Suprijadi, Jonathan Wald, Tassilo Maier-Hein, Klaus Division of Medical Image Computing Heidelberg Germany Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic University hospital Ostrava Department of Deputy director for science research and education Czech Republic Pattern Analysis and Learning Group Department of Radiation Oncology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg A partnership between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Germany

This study presents an open-source toolkit to address critical challenges in preprocessing data for self-supervised learning (SSL) for 3D medical imaging, focusing on data privacy and computational efficiency. The toolkit comprises two main components: a segmentation network that delineates foreground regions to optimize data sampling and thus reduce training time, and a segmentation network that identifies anonymized regions, preventing erroneous supervision in reconstructionbased SSL methods. Experimental results demonstrate high robustness, with mean Dice scores exceeding 98.5 across all anonymization methods and surpassing 99.5 for foreground segmentation tasks, highlighting the toolkit's efficacy in supporting SSL applications in 3D medical imaging for both CT and MRI images. The weights and code is available at https://***/MIC-DKFZ/Foreground-and- Anonymization-Area-Segmentation. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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