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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： D. Androutsos K.N. Plataniotis A.N. Venetsanopoulos Digital Signal & Image Processing Lab Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Department of Math Physics & Computer Science Ryerson Polytechnic University Toronto ONT Canada

We present a technique for coarsely extracting the regions of natural color images which contain directional detail, e.g., edges, texture, etc., which we then use for image database indexing. As a measure of color activity, we use a perceptually modified distance measure based on the sum-of-angles criterion. We then apply histogram thresholding techniques to separate the image into smooth color regions and busy regions where edge, texture and colour activity exists. Database indices are then created from the busy regions using the directional detail histogram technique and retrieval is performed using these.

关键词： Image retrieval Content based retrieval Image databases Data mining Information retrieval Color Histograms Spatial databases Image segmentation Indexing

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Low-energy heterogeneous digit-serial Reed-Solomon codecs

Low-energy heterogeneous digit-serial Reed-Solomon codecs

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： L. Song K.K. Parhi I. Kuroda T. Nishitani Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Digital Signal Processing Lab NEC Corporation Limited Kawasaki Japan

Reed-Solomon (RS) codecs are used for error control coding in many applications such as digital audio, digital TV, software radio, CD players, and wireless and satellite communications. This paper considers software-based implementation of RS codecs where special instructions are assumed to be used to program finite field multiplication datapaths inside a domain-specific programmable digital-signal processor (DS-PDSP). A heterogeneous digit-serial approach is presented, where the heterogeneity corresponds to the use of different digit-sizes in the multiply-accumulate (MAC for polynomial multiplication) and degree reduction (DEGRED for polynomial module operation) subarrays. The salient feature of this digit-serial approach is that only the digit-cells are implemented in hardware, the finite field multiplications are performed digit-serially in software by dynamically scheduling the internal digit-level operations in RS encoders and decoders. It is concluded that, for 2-error-correcting RS(n,k) codec implementations over finite field GF(2/sup 8/), a parallel MAC unit (of digit-size 8) and a DEGRED unit with digit-size 2 is the best datapath, with respect to least energy consumption and energy-delay products. With this datapath architecture and appropriate digit-serial scheduling strategies, more than 60% energy reduction and more than 1/3 energy delay reduction can be achieved compared with the parallel multiplication datapath based approach.

关键词： Reed-Solomon codes Codecs Galois fields Polynomials Error correction Application software Digital TV Software radio Wireless communication Satellite communication

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Fast object recognition using salient line groups

Fast object recognition using salient line groups

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Dong Jung Kang In So Kweon Signal Processing Lab. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780344650

This paper presents an effective recognition method based on perceptual organization of low level features detected in an image. The method uses a dynamic programming (DP) based formulation to represent various line groups such as convex, concave, and more complex patterns consisting of convex and concave shapes. The essential features of perceptual organization such as endpoint proximity, collinearity, parallelism, and connectivity of lines, are incorporated into the DP based formulation as energy terms. As endpoint proximity, we detect two line junctions from image lines. We then search for junction groups by using collinearity constraint between the junctions. A DP-based search algorithm is used to detect a junction chain similar to the model chain, based on a local comparison. The proposed system is able to find line groups from images with broken lines and strong background clutters. We demonstrate the feasibility of our DP-based matching method based on perceptual organization using real images.

关键词： Object recognition Combinatorial mathematics Image recognition signal processing computer vision Shape Indexing signal processing algorithms Robustness Image segmentation

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A Region-Based Representation of Images in MARS

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Journal of VLSI signal processing Systems for signal, Image, and Video Technology 1998年第1-2期20卷 137-150页

作者： Servetto, Sergio D. Rui, Yong Ramchandran, Kannan Huang, Thomas S. Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. Univ. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Universidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina Univ. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Comp. Res. Adv. Applications Group IBM Argentina Argentina Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Institute UIUC United States Department of Computer Science UNLP Argentina Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering UIUC United States Multimedia Commun. Res. Department Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ United States Info. Sciences Research Department AT and T Labs. Florham Park NJ United States Department of Computer Science UIUC United States Southeast University China Tsinghua University China University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Inst. Advance Sci. Technol. UIUC United States Vis. Technol. Grp. of Microsoft Res. Redmond WA United States City College of New York United States Columbia University United States AT and T Bell Labs. United States Ctr. for Telecommunications Research Columbia University United States Elec. and Comp. Eng. Department United States Beckman Institute Coordinated Science Laboratory IL United States IEEE Signal Processing Society United States IEEE IMDSP Technical Committee United States IEEE Transactions on Image Proc. United States National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering MIT United States School of Electrical Engineering United States Lab. for Info. and Signal Processing Purdue University United States Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering United States Coordinated Science Laboratory United States Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Rheinishes Landes Museum Bonn Germany Swiss Institutes of Technology Zurich Switzerland Swiss Institutes of Technology Lausanne S

We study the problem of representing images within a multimedia Database Management System (DBMS), in order to support fast retrieval operations without compromising storage efficiency. To achieve this goal, we propose new image coding techniques which combine a wavelet representation, embedded coding of the wavelet coefficients, and segmentation of image-domain regions in the wavelet domain. A bitstream is generated in which each image region is encoded independently of other regions, without having to explicitly store information describing the regions. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithms achieve coding performance which compares favorably, both perceptually and objectively, to that achieved using state-of-the-art image/video coding techniques while additionally providing region-based support.

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Animated Talking Head with Personalized 3D Head Model

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Journal of VLSI signal processing Systems for signal, Image, and Video Technology 1998年第1-2期20卷 97-105页

作者： Ostermann, Jörn Chen, Lawrence S. Huang, Thomas S. AT and T Labs.-Research Red Bank NJ 07701 100 Schultz Dr. United States Beckman Institute CSL University of Urbana IL 61801 United States University of Hannover Imperical College London United States University of Hannover Germany Inst. F. Theor. Nachrichtentechnik United States Vis. Commun. Research Department Bell Labs. United States Image Proc. and Technology Research AT and T Labs.-Research United States University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States University of Illinois United States Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. University of Illinois United States AT and T Labs. United States ATR Media Intgn. and Commun. Labs. Kyoto Japan National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering MIT United States School of Electrical Engineering United States Lab. for Info. and Signal Processing Purdue University United States Coordinated Science Laboratory United States Dept. the Image Form. and Proc. Grp. Beckman Inst. Adv. Sci. and Technol. United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Rheinishes Landes Museum Bonn Germany Swiss Institutes of Technology Zurich Switzerland Swiss Institutes of Technology Lausanne Switzerland University of Hannover Germany INRS-Telecommunications University of Quebec Montreal Que. Canada University of Tokyo Japan

Natural Human-computer Interface requires integration of realistic audio and visual information for perception and display. An example of such an interface is an animated talking head displayed on the computer screen in the form of a human-like computer agent. This system converts text to acoustic speech with synchronized animation of mouth movements. The talking head is based on a generic 3D human head model, but to improve realism, natural looking personalized models are necessary. In this paper, we report a semi-automatic method for adapting a generic head model to 3D range data of a human head obtained from a 3D-laser range scanner. This personalized model is incorporated into the talking head system. With texture mapping, the personalized model offers a more natural and realistic look than the generic model. The model created with the proposed method compares favorable to generic models.

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The superpositioning truncated response filter: a new filter structure for baseband or pre-modulation filtering

The superpositioning truncated response filter: a new filter...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： M.J. Paczonay E.W. McCune M.A. Soderstrand Digital Signal Processing and Communications Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

A novel digital filter structure is used to implement a digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter when the input is constrained to a two level non return to zero (NRZ) binary signal such as is common in digital communications systems such as digital cellular telephones. Depending on the specified filter, the structure superposes the impulse or rectangular pulse response of the filter for each bit in the NRZ signal. The superpositioning filter can be designed in either a parallel or serial configuration. The serial configuration results in the smallest hardware usage and is the preferred way of implementing the filter for minimum hardware low-power applications. A filter designed with the serial configuration will require only one summing point and no coefficient multipliers. Because there are no multipliers, this filter structure becomes very attractive for the implementation of FIR filters, when the input is a two level NRZ signal.

关键词： Baseband Finite impulse response filter Optical signal processing Digital filters Nonlinear filters Pulse shaping methods Sampling methods Digital communication Hardware Quadrature phase shift keying

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A new method of Wiener filtering and its application to interference mitigation for communications

A new method of Wiener filtering and its application to inte...

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MILCOM, Military communications Conference

作者： J.S. Goldstein I.S. Reed Space Communications Branch U. S. AirForce Research Laboratory Rome NY USA Statistical Signal and Image Processing Lab Department of Electrical Engineering (EEB 528) University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

A new multistage Wiener filter is introduced which utilizes a decomposition based on orthogonal projections. A reduced-rank Wiener filter is developed based on this new structure which is not basis oriented, but evolves a basis which is a function of the multistage decomposition. The performance of this new Wiener filtering structure is evaluated using a comparative computer analysis model. It is demonstrated that the low-complexity multistage reduced-rank Wiener filter is capable of outperforming the more complex eigendecomposition-based methods.

关键词： Wiener filter Interference Matrix decomposition signal processing Nonlinear filters Covariance matrix USA Councils Random processes Vectors laboratories

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Speeding up the generalized adaptive neural filters

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE processing 1996年第5期5卷 705-712页

作者： Hanek, H Ansari, N Center for Communications and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

Recently, a new class of adaptive filters called generalized adaptive neural filters (GANF's) emerged. They share many things in common with stack filters and include ail stack filters as a subset. The GANF's allow a very efficient hardware implementation once they are trained, However, the training process can be slow. This paper discusses structural modifications to allow for faster training. In addition, these modifications can lead to an increase in the filter's robustness, given a limited amount of training data. This paper does not attempt to justify use of a GANF;it only presents an alternative implementation of the filter.

关键词： Adaptive filters Hardware Robustness Training data Nonlinear filters Stacking Matrix decomposition Boolean functions signal processing Neural networks

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Generalized gabor expansions of discrete-time signals in l(2)(Z) via biorthogonal-like sequences

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON signal processing 1996年第6期44卷 1378-1391页

作者： Morris, JM Lu, YH Communications and Signal Processing Laboratory Computer Science and Elcctrical Engineering Department University of Maryland Baltimore County Catonsville MD USA

In this paper, a biorthogonal-like sequences (BLS) theory and its application to the generalized Gabor expansions (equivalently, the generalized short-time Fourier transform/filterbank summation) are presented. A pair of BLS's are defined to be two sequences satisfying a biorthogonal-like condition (BLC), which is a moment equation and equivalent to a linear difference equation. We show that two collections in a Hilbert space generated by a pair of BLS's in the joint time-frequency domain are complete, either can be used as an analysis filter, and the other can be used as a synthesis filter for a generalized Gabor expansion of discrete-time signals. A sufficient and necessary condition on the existence of BLS's based on the moment equation is presented, which is simpler to use than frame theory, Given a filter generating a frame, its BLS's also generate frames. The dual frame is one of them, Given a FIR analysis/synthesis fitter, there is a FIR synthesis/analysis filter if BLS's exist. The algorithm to compute FIR analysis and synthesis filters based on the linear difference equation is presented in this paper, which is simpler than frame operator.

关键词： Finite impulse response filter Difference equations Gabor filters signal synthesis Fourier transforms Filter bank Hilbert space signal generators Time frequency analysis signal analysis

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Index mapping approach of deriving the PM DFT algorithms

Index mapping approach of deriving the PM DFT algorithms

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Canadian Conference on electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： D. Sundararajan M.O. Ahmad Center for Signal Processing and Communications Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Montreal QUE Canada

The DFT is of fundamental importance in many areas of science and engineering due to its efficient evaluation of frequently used operations such as signal analysis, convolution, and correlation. It has been shown that radix-2 DFT (discrete Fourier transform) algorithms can be designed based on vector representation of data providing several advantages. These algorithms provide more efficient solution for the problem of DFT computation. An index mapping approach is used to derive these algorithms. This approach makes the derivation simpler and provides a better insight into the functioning of the algorithms. The signal flow graph of the algorithm is also presented.

关键词： Equations Transforms

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