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International Conference on Audio, Language and Image processing

作者： Jianglin Wang An Ji Michael T. Johnson Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Marquette University Speech and SignalProcessing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Marquette University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301732

This paper describes a unique cross-phoneme speaker identification experiment, using deliberately mismatched phoneme sets for training and testing. The underlying goal is to identify features that represent broad individually unique characteristics rather than those that represent phonetic differences, as are more typical of modern speaker identification and verification systems. A wide range of features are proposed and evaluated within this context using a Gaussian Mixture Model framework. The results show that log-area ratio has better phonetic independence than MFCCs, that residual phase carries substantial speaker information, and identifies several other features that also have usefulness for speaker identification independent of phonetic content.

关键词： speaker recognition Mel frequency cepstral coefficient phonetics verification system

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Adaptive image compression using sparse dictionaries

Adaptive image compression using sparse dictionaries

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International Conference on Systems, signals and Image processing, IWSSIP

作者： Inbal Horev Ori Bryt Ron Rubinstein Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Haifa Israel Department of Computer Science Geometric Image Processing Laboratory Haifa Israel

Transform coding is a widely used image compression technique, where entropy reduction can be achieved by decomposing the image over a dictionary which provides compaction. Existing algorithms, such as JPEG and JPEG2000, utilize fixed dictionaries which are shared by the encoder and decoder. Recently, works utilizing content-specific dictionaries show promising results by focusing on specific classes of images and using highly specialized dictionaries. However, such approaches lose the ability to compress arbitrary images. In this paper we propose an input-adaptive compression approach, which encodes each input image over a dictionary specifically trained for it. The scheme is based on the sparse dictionary structure, whose compact representation allows relatively low-cost transmission of the dictionary along with the compressed data. In this way, the process achieves both adaptivity and generality. Our results show that although this method involves transmitting the dictionary, it remains competitive with the JPEG and JPEG2000 algorithms.

关键词： Dictionaries Image coding Transform coding PSNR Sparse matrices Encoding Bit rate

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Tracking articulator movements using orientation measurements

Tracking articulator movements using orientation measurement...

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International Conference on Audio, Language and Image processing, ICALIP

作者： An Ji Michael T. Johnson Jeffrey Berry Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory Marquette University Milwaukee WI USA

This paper introduces a new method to track articulator movements, specifically jaw position and angle, using 5 degree of freedom (5 DOF) orientation data. The approach uses a quaternion rotation method to accomplish this jaw tracking during speech using a single senor on the mandibular incisor. Data were collected using the NDI Wave Speech Research System for one pilot subject with various speech tasks. The degree of jaw rotation from the proposed approach is compared with traditional geometric calculation. Results show that the quaternion based method is able to describe jaw angle trajectory and gives more accurate and smooth estimation of jaw kinematics.

关键词： Speech Quaternions Tracking Vectors Sensor phenomena and characterization Acoustics

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Noise Robust Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on Multitask Factor Analysis With Small Training Data Size

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IEEE Transactions on signal processing 2012年第7期60卷 3546-3559页

作者： Lan Du Hongwei Liu Penghui Wang Bo Feng Mian Pan Zheng Bao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA TheNational Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi'an China

A factor analysis model based on multitask learning (MTL) is developed to characterize the FFT-magnitude feature of complex high-resolution range profile (HRRP), motivated by the problem of radar automatic target recognition (RATR). The MTL mechanism makes it possible to appropriately share the information among samples from different target-aspects and learn the aspect-dependent parameters collectively, thus offering the potential to improve the overall recognition performance with small training data size. In addition, since the noise level of a test sample is usually different from those of the training samples in the real application, another contribution is that the proposed framework can update the noise level parameter in the FA model to adaptively match that of the received test sample. Efficient inference is performed via variational Bayesian (VB) for the proposed hierarchical Bayesian model, and encouraging results are reported on the measured HRRP dataset with small training data size and under the test condition of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

关键词： Data models Hidden Markov models Feature extraction Radar Noise robustness Analytical models Target recognition

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A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its application in fast mode decision

A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its applic...

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2012 13th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2012

作者： Aminlou, Alireza Fahim-Hashemi, Hana Hashemi, Mahmoud Reza Gabbouj, Moncef Fatemi, Omid Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Nano-Electronic Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

The mode decision process has a significant effect on the quality and complexity of a video encoder. The conventional method that fully codes each macro block for different modes results in the best quality performance, but it suffers from high computational complexity. On the other hand, some other methods ignore the residual part and use the prediction data, or adopt early mode selection approaches in order to reduce the computational cost. These approaches have a negative impact on the coding performance. In this paper, we have used a simple model for the residual coding part and proposed a two-piece R-D model for a macro block. Based on this model, we have introduced a mode decision algorithm that reduces the bit-rate by up to 11.62% at the expense of just 0.5% computational overhead. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cost reduction

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A PLL based adaptive power line interference filtering from ECG signals

A PLL based adaptive power line interference filtering from ...

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International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and signal processing (AISP)

作者： M. M. Zeinali Zadeh S. Niketeghad R. Amirfattahi Digital Signal Processing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

One of the challenges for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals extraction is additive power line interference (PLI) which contains 50Hz or 60Hz base frequency and several harmonics. Variety of fixed-frequency and adaptive notch filter structures are proposed for power line interference suppression. Because of frequency varying behavior of power line interference, fixed frequency filters suffer from the problem of low noise attenuation rate when the interference frequencies drift from their nominal values, and also signal amplitude and phase destruction around interference frequencies due to relatively high notching bandwidth. On the other hand adaptive filters are given high calculation costs. In this paper we propose a real-time, low calculation cost adaptive notch filter, using phase-locked loop (PLL). Experimental results show that in extremely noisy environments where input SNR is around - 20dB, average SNR enhancement of proposed method is approximately 40dB. This value is also as good as 35dB for -10dB input SNR.

关键词： IIR filters Power harmonic filters Adaptive filters Electrocardiography Interference signal to noise ratio Bandwidth

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Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone signal fusion strategies

Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone...

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2012 3rd IEEE/IET International Conference on Audio, Language and Image processing, ICALIP 2012

作者： Trawicki, Marek B. Johnson, Michael T. Ji, An Osiejuk, Tomasz S. Marquette University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory P. O. Box 1881 Milwaukee WI 53201-1881 United States Adam Mickiewicz University Department of Behavioural Ecology Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznán Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301718

Multichannel fusion strategies are presented for the distributed microphone recognition environment, for the task of song-type recognition in a multichannel songbird dataset. The signals are first fused together based on various heuristics, including their amplitudes, variances, physical distance, or squared distance, before passing the enhanced single-channel signal into the speech recognition system. The intensity-weighted fusion strategy achieved the highest overall recognition accuracy of 94.4%. By combining the noisy distributed microphone signals in an intelligent way that is proportional to the information contained in the signals, speech recognition systems can achieve higher recognition accuracies. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Application in Fast Mode Decision

A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Applic...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Alireza Aminlou Hana Fahim-Hashemi Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Moncef Gabbouj Omid Fatemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

关键词： Video coding Complexity theory Encoding Predictive models Measurement Educational institutions Prediction algorithms

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Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless networks

Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless...

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2012 9th Annual IEEE communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc communications and Networks, SECON 2012

作者： Wang, Wei Shin, Kang G. Zhang, Zhaoyang Wang, Wenbo Peng, Tao Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2121 United States Wireless Signal Processing and Networking Lab Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467319058

Geometry-based optimal power control was proposed in [14] to transform the power-control problem to a new geometrical problem on the position relationship between a line and some points. This scheme provides a novel visual perspective and lowers the complexity of optimization. We generalize this scheme to a larger class of power-control optimization problems so as to maximize the network utility with multiple average and peak power constraints in wireless networks. To facilitate the handling of the geometrical model, we define a subset of geometrical models with specified characteristics, called a regular geometrical model, and derive the type of power-control problems eligible for the regular geometrical model. For such a type of problems, two strategies are proposed for the construction of the regular geometrical model. Utilizing geometrical properties, we propose a novel geometry-based optimization scheme for the general power-control problem. Its computational complexity is significantly lower than the conventional algorithms. We also provide a further discussion on irregular geometrical model cases. Finally, we provide two examples of deploying the proposed geometry-based power-control scheme. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Geometry

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Linear precoding and equalization for network MIMO with partial cooperation

Linear precoding and equalization for network MIMO with part...

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作者： Kaviani, Saeed Simeone, Osvaldo Krzymień, Witold A. Shamai, Shlomo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6A 2G4 Canada TRLabs Edmonton AB T5K 2M5 Canada Center for Wireless Communications and Signal Processing Research New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

A cellular multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) downlink system is studied, in which each base station (BS) transmits to some of the users so that each user receives its intended signal from a subset of the BSs. This scenario is referred to as network MIMO with partial cooperation since only a subset of the BSs is able to coordinate their transmission toward any user. The focus of this paper is on the optimization of linear beamforming strategies at the BSs and at the users for network MIMO with partial cooperation. Individual power constraints at the BSs are enforced, along with constraints on the number of streams per user. It is first shown that the system is equivalent to a MIMO interference channel with generalized linear constraints (MIMO-IFC-GC). The problems of maximizing the sum rate (SR) and minimizing the weighted sum mean square error (WSMSE) of the data estimates are nonconvex, and suboptimal solutions with reasonable complexity need to be devised. Based on this, suboptimal techniques that aim at maximizing the SR for the MIMO-IFC-GC are reviewed from recent literature and extended to the MIMO-IFC-GC where necessary. Novel designs that aim at minimizing the WSMSE are then proposed. Extensive numerical simulations are provided to compare the performance of the considered schemes for realistic cellular systems. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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