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作者： Ma, Changzheng Yeo, Tat Soon Zhang, Qun Tan, Hwee Siang Wang, Jun IEEE School of Electric and Information Engineering Zhongyuan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450007 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Institute of Telecommunication Engineering Air Force Engineering University Xi'an 710071 China National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Shaanxi 710071 China

In this paper, a 3-D inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging method based on an antenna array configuration is proposed. The performance of conventional interferometric ISAR imaging system using three antennas is poor, as the positions of scatterers, which have the same range-Doppler value and projected onto the ISAR plane as a synthesis scatterer, cannot be correctly estimated. However, by using two antenna arrays perpendicular to each other, the system's ability to separate these scatterers can be improved. The criterion for the selection of a range unit that contains an isolated scatterer in the 2-D array domain for doing motion compensation is discussed. If there is no range unit which contains only an isolated scatterer, then radial and cross-range motion compensation has to be carried out by motion parameter estimation. Two cross-range motion parameters measurement algorithms, one based on array processing of the range profile and another based on correlation of ISAR images of different antennas, are proposed. The coordinates registration problem for the scatterers of a synthesis scatterer is also discussed. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar

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On the fast generation of long-period pseudorandom number sequences

On the fast generation of long-period pseudorandom number se...

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IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference (LISAT)

作者： Ishaan L. Dalal Jared Harwayne-Gidansky Deian Stefan SProCom2 Department of Electrical Engineering Center for Signal Processing Communications and Computer Engineering Research The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art New York NY USA

Monte Carlo simulations and other scientific applications that depend on random numbers are increasingly implemented in parallel configurations in programmable hardware. High-quality pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs), such as the Mersenne Twister, are based on binary linear recurrence equations. They have extremely long periods (more than 2 1024 numbers generated before the entire sequence repeats) and well-proven statistical properties. Many software implementations of such dasialong-periodpsila PRNGs exist, but hardware implementations are rare. We develop optimized, resource-efficient parallel architectures for long-period PRNGs that generate multiple independent streams by exploiting the underlying algorithm as well as hardware-specific architectural features.

关键词： Hardware Random access memory Field programmable gate arrays Throughput Silicon Mathematical model Equations

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Incremental clustering via nonnegative matrix factorization

Incremental clustering via nonnegative matrix factorization

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Serhat Selcuk Bucak Bilge Gunsel Electrical-Electronics Eng. Faculty Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringMultimedia Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421749

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been shown to be an efficient clustering tool. However, NMF¿s batch nature necessitates recomputation of whole basis set for new samples. Although NMF is a powerful content representation tool, this limits the use of NMF in online processing of large data sets. Another problem with NMF, like other partitional methods, is determining the actual number of clusters. Deciding the rank of the factorization is also critical since it has a significant effect on clustering performance. This paper introduces an NMF based incremental clustering algorithm which allows increasing number of clusters adaptively thus eliminates optimal rank selection problem. Test results obtained on large video data sets demonstrate that the proposed clustering scheme is capable of labeling linearly separable data as well as non-separable samples with a small false positive ratio.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Clustering methods Encoding signal processing Pattern recognition Power engineering and energy Partitioning algorithms signal processing algorithms Testing Labeling

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Optical disc detection in retinal images

Optical disc detection in retinal images

引用

International Conference on Optimization of electrical and Electronic Equipment, OPTIM

作者： M. Ivanovici V. Scurtu Computers and Electronics Department Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Science IEEE Signal Processing and Communications Societies Computer Transilvania University of Brasov Brasov Romania Computers and Electronics Department Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Transilvania Transilvania University of Brasov Brasov Romania

Lasers are currently used for a wide spectrum of medical applications, including the treatment of eye disorders. When combined with digital image processing techniques, the issue of retinal image segmentation becomes of high importance. In this paper, our purpose is twofold: i) to identify and briefly present the existing approaches for the retinal image segmentation and ii) to test our hypothesis that the Viola-Jones algorithm-initially designed for face detection-can be suited as well for optical disc detection.

关键词： Optical imaging Biomedical optical imaging Adaptive optics Training Histograms Optical saturation Optical filters

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User-guided interictal spike detection

User-guided interictal spike detection

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Mahmoud El-Gohary James McNames Siegward Elsas Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory Portland State University Portland OR USA Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State University Portland OR USA OHSU Augmentative Communication Clinic Oregon Health and Sciences University Portland OR USA

In the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, long-term monitoring may be required to document and study interictal activities such as interictal spikes. However, visual inspection of the EEG done by an expert is too time consuming and researchers normally resort to automatic detection methods. We describe a new EEG user-guided interictal spike detection algorithm that only requires the user to annotate a few spikes. We use the annotations to build a template that captures the relevant features of spikes, and then use Mean Squared Error (MSE) test to detect all of the other spikes in the recording. The detected events are rank ordered so that the user can easily identify the true spikes and their time of occurrence. The true spikes are then annotated to the EEG signals and reported to the EEG expert for further evaluation. This design provides a compromise between the enormous time commitments necessary to annotate recordings by hand and the inability of fully-automatic spike detection algorithms to account for the variability between subjects. Because spike morphology and spatial distribution change considerably when patients go through cycles of wake and sleep in long-term monitoring, this detection algorithm uses multichannel multiple templates to detect more than one type of event. The algorithm is able to achieve an average sensitivity of 96% and an average of 4.8 false detections/ hour.

关键词： Electroencephalography Brain modeling Detectors Feature extraction signal processing algorithms Epilepsy Morphology

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Expanding Window Fountain codes for scalable video multicast

Expanding Window Fountain codes for scalable video multicast

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Dejan Vukobratovic Vladimir Stankovic Dino Sejdinovic Lina Stankovic Zixiang Xiong Department of Communications and Signal Processing University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Bristol UK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX USA

Digital Fountain (DF) codes have recently been suggested as an efficient forward error correction (FEC) solution for video multicast to heterogeneous receiver classes over lossy packet networks. However, to adapt DF codes to low-delay constraints and varying importance of scalable multimedia content, unequal error protection (UEP) DF schemes are needed. Thus, in this paper, Expanding Window Fountain (EWF) codes are proposed as a FEC solution for scalable video multicast. We demonstrate that the design flexibility and UEP performance make EWF codes ideally suited for this scenario, i.e., EWF codes offer a number of design parameters to be ldquotunedrdquo at the server side to meet the different reception conditions of heterogeneous receivers. Performance analysis of H.264 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) multicast to heterogeneous receiver classes confirms the flexibility and efficiency of the proposed EWF-based FEC solution.

关键词： Receivers Streaming media PSNR Servers Forward error correction Error correction codes Real time systems

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Novel DCT-based real-valued discrete Gabor transform

Novel DCT-based real-valued discrete Gabor transform

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Liang Tao Hon Keung Kwan MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Anhui University Hefei Anhui China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor Windsor ONT Canada

The traditional DCT-based real-valued discrete Gabor transform (RGDT) was limited to the critical sampling case. The biorthogonality relationship between the analysis window and the synthesis window for the transform has not been unveiled. To overcome those drawbacks, this paper proposes a novel DCT-based real-valued discrete Gabor transform, which can be applied under both the critical sampling condition and the over-sampling condition. And the biorthogonality relationship between the analysis window and the synthesis window for the transform is also proved in this paper. Because it only involves real operations and can utilize fast DCT and DDCT algorithms for fast computation, it facilitates computation and implementation by hardware and/or software compared to the traditional complex-valued discrete Gabor transform.

关键词： Discrete transforms Sampling methods Hardware Discrete cosine transforms Software algorithms Biomedical signal processing signal sampling signal synthesis signal processing algorithms Parallel algorithms

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A PYRAMID-BASED BLOCK OF SKEWERS FOR PIXEL PURITY INDEX FOR ENDMEMBER EXTRACTION IN HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY

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International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 2008年第2期18卷 469-482页

作者： CHEIN-I CHANG MINGKAI HSUEH WEIMIN LIU CHAO-CHENG WU FARZEEN CHAUDHRY GREGORY SOLYAR ANTONIO PLAZA Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA Computer Science Department University of Extremadura Avda. de la Universidad s/n 10.071 Caceres Spain

Pixel Purity Index (PPI) has been widely used for endmember extraction. Recently, an approach using blocks of skewers was proposed by Theiler et al., called blocks of skewers (BOS) method, to improve computation of the PPI. It utilizes a block of skewers to reduce number of calculations of dot products operated by the PPI on each skewers with all data sample vectors. Unfortunately, the BOS method also suffers from the same drawbacks that the PPI does in terms of several parameters which are needed to be determined a priori . Besides, it also has an additional parameter, block size, B needed to be determined where no guideline is provided of how to select this parameter. In this paper, the BOS method is also investigated. Most importantly, a new pyramid-based block design for the BOS method is also introduced as opposed to the cube-based block designed used by Theiler et al.'s BOS. One major advantage of our proposed pyramid-based BOS over Theiler et al.'s cube-design BOS is the hardware design for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) implementation.

关键词： Blocks of skewers (BOS) method Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) Pixel purity index (PPI)

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A shared-relay cooperative diversity scheme based on joint channel and network coding

A shared-relay cooperative diversity scheme based on joint c...

引用

International Symposium on Information Theory and Its Applications, ISITA

作者： Xiaoyan Xu Mark F. Flanagan Christian Koller Norbert Goertz Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal & Image Processing University of Edinburgh UK Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems (DEIS) University of Bologna Italy Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424420681

In cooperative communications, the technique of algebraic code superposition (or network coding) may efficiently utilize limited communications resources to produce spatial diversity. In this paper, we propose a simple cooperative diversity scheme for the scenario of two sources sharing a single relay. No cooperative coding is required at the sources, and only very simple interleave-and-superpose operations are performed at the relay. We propose a novel computationally efficient message passing algorithm at the destination's decoder which utilizes spatial diversity gathered over multiple transmission frames. We show that despite the simplicity of the proposed scheme, diversity gains are efficiently leveraged by the simple combination of channel coding at the sources and network coding at the relay.

关键词： Network coding Decoding Relays Parity check codes Electronic mail Fading Message passing Diversity methods Information theory Digital communication

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EEG and MRI data fusion for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

EEG and MRI data fusion for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's d...

引用

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Tejash Patel Robi Polikar Christos Davatzikos Christopher M. Clark Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition Laboratory of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Rowan University Glassboro NJ USA Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Neurology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rising alarmingly as the average age of our population increases. There is no treatment to halt or slow the pathology responsible for AD, however, new drugs are promising to reduce the rate of progression. On the other hand, the efficacy of these new medications critically depends on our ability to diagnose AD at the earliest stage. Currently AD is diagnosed through longitudinal clinical evaluations, which are available only at specialized dementia clinics, hence beyond financial and geographic reach of most patients. Automated diagnosis tools that can be made available to community hospitals would therefore be very beneficial. To that end, we have previously shown that the event related potentials obtained from different scalp locations can be effectively used for early diagnosis of AD using an ensemble of classifiers based decision fusion approach. In this study, we expand our data fusion approach to include MRI based measures of regional brain atrophy. Our initial results indicate that ERPs and MRI carry complementary information, and the combination of these heterogeneous data sources using a decision fusion approach can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy.

关键词：

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