In-utero fetal MRI is emerging as an important tool in the diagnosis and analysis of the developing human brain. Automatic segmentation of the developing fetal brain is a vital step in the quantitative analysis of pre...
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Standardising the representation of biomedical knowledge among all researchers is an insurmountable task, hindering the effectiveness of many computational methods. To facilitate harmonisation and interoperability des...
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Accurate image registration is pivotal in bio-medical image analysis, where selecting suitable registration algorithms demands careful consideration. While numerous algorithms are available, the evaluation metrics to ...
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Many real-world image recognition problems, such as diagnostic medical imaging exams, are "long-tailed" – there are a few common findings followed by many more relatively rare conditions. In chest radiograp...
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Progress toward the realization of quantum computers requires persistent advances in their constituent building blocks - qubits. Novel qubit platforms that simultaneously embody long coherence, fast operation, and lar...
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Salmonella enterica serovar Minnesota (S. Minnesota) is an emerging serovar that persists within poultry supply chains, potentially causing outbreaks in humans. Understanding its population genomics is crucial for des...
Salmonella enterica serovar Minnesota (S. Minnesota) is an emerging serovar that persists within poultry supply chains, potentially causing outbreaks in humans. Understanding its population genomics is crucial for designing preventive measures. We performed a genomic surveillance study of S. Minnesota by analyzing 259 isolates from poultry in Saudi Arabia. Whole-genome sequencing data for these isolates were analyzed to characterize emerging clones and the genetic factors underlying antimicrobial resistance and virulence. We compared the isolates to all available global genomes of S. Minnesota. Our results revealed the emergence of four clones, three of which were mixed with global strains. These clones exhibited higher levels of antimicrobial resistance and virulence due to the acquisition of multiple plasmids, particularly IncC plasmids, carrying resistance and virulence genes. IncC plasmids underwent genomic rearrangements, presenting diverse configurations of resistance genes. Our findings demonstrate the emergence and persistence of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant S. Minnesota clones.
Protein hydration water plays a crucial role in maintaining protein structures and functions, yet it remains challenging to manipulate. In this study, we use photosystem II (PS II), a protein complex consisting of 25 ...
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Protein hydration water plays a crucial role in maintaining protein structures and functions, yet it remains challenging to manipulate. In this study, we use photosystem II (PS II), a protein complex consisting of 25 membrane proteins, as a model to explore the regulation of protein functions by modifying the hydration water structure. Within PS II, two water molecules are transported from the bulk solution through water channels into the oxygen-evolving center (OEC), where they are oxidized into oxygen. However, the role of water - both in hydrating PS II proteins and in transporting water through channels to the OEC - has often been overlooked. By studying the effects of different ions, including structure-making ions (Na + ) and breaking ions (K + ), on photosynthesis performance, we revealed distinctive different catalytic effects induced by these ions. Molecular dynamics simulations and Terahertz spectroscopy demonstrated that K + disrupts the hydrogen-bond network of hydration water, thereby facilitating water transportation to the O1 channel near the OEC, which in turn boosts oxygen evolution. In contrast, Na + did not exhibit the same effect. These findings underscore the essential role of K + in plant photosynthesis and reveal previously unrecognized mechanisms by which ions influence protein function through hydration water structure.
In this paper, we consider the decentralized dynamic optimization problem defined over a multi-agent network. Each agent possesses a time-varying local objective function, and all agents aim to collaboratively track t...
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