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Structural constitutive models for soft biological tissues and biomaterials: the role of mechanical interactions

Mechanics of Soft Materials 2025年第1期7卷 1-39页

作者： Motiwale, Shruti Sacks, Michael S. James T. Willerson Center for Cardiovascular Modeling and Simulation The Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences Austin USA The Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA The Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA

In this review, we explore the development of the structural constitutive models for soft biological tissues and biomaterials, focusing on the role of mechanical interactions. Soft tissues, such as myocardium, heart valves, skin, and other fibrous biological structures, display complex, non-linear mechanical behaviors driven by their fibrous composition. While traditional constitutive models have been widely adopted to describe the anisotropic and hyperelastic nature of these tissues, they often fall short in capturing the detailed mechanical interactions between fibers, the ground matrix, and other tissue components under diverse loading conditions. To address these gaps, we focus on the development of meso-structural models that account for mechanism-driven fiber-matrix and fiber-fiber interactions. We delve into the kinematics of these interactions, highlighting the roles of fiber rotation, extension, and shear, and how these mechanisms differ across various tissues and biomaterials. Our review draws on experimental evidence from studies on exogenously crosslinked tissues, myocardium and electrospun polycarbonate urethane biomaterials, which reveal the presence of significant mechanical interactions that influence the overall stress response. In addition, we also discuss recent advancements in computational methods for implementing these models, particularly neural network-based approaches that mitigate the computational challenges typically associated with structural models while maintaining high predictive accuracy. Finally, we propose future directions for multiscale modeling to enhance our understanding of fiber network topologies and their mechanical roles in both native tissues and biomaterials.

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On the radial discretization of finite element spaces in the scaled boundary finite element method

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Danshyar, Alireza Kollmannsberger, Stefan Chair of Computational Modeling and Simulation School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Arcisstraße 21 Munich80333 Germany

The scaled boundary finite element method is known for its capability in reproducing highly-detailed solution fields over large subdomains, and also for its flexibility in terms of spatial discretization enabling to define subdomains with arbitrary numbers of boundary elements and hanging nodes. The former, however, is only attainable in those cases where analytical solutions to their differential equations exist. Many others, especially those with oscillatory nature, invoke the use of numerical methods that only provide the response of boundaries. Hence, no information on the inner-subdomain solution fields can be recovered, leaving one of the main asset of the method unused. As a remedy, we propose a new solution scheme by which the interior fields of subdomains can be recovered so that the full potential of the scaled boundary finite element method can be harvested. No auxiliary variables are introduced to the global algebraic system and the dimensions of the matrices remain intact. Most of the computations are applied prior to the assembly of the global algebraic system, and they are carried out in a completely decoupled manner. This renders the introduced method to be embarrassingly parallelizable. The interior information is not required for the solution process and it can be computed locally for the selected regions and subdomains, also using parallel computing techniques. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Wave propagation

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Real-Time Vehicle Detection And Urban Traffic Behavior Analysis Based On Uav Traffic Videos On Mobile Devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Yuan Wang, Yanqiang An, Yadong Yang, Hong Pan, Yiming Inner Mongolia Center for Transportation Research Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk United States

This paper focuses on a real-time vehicle detection and urban traffic behavior analysis system based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) traffic video. By using UAV to collect traffic data and combining the YOLOv8 model and SORT tracking algorithm, the object detection and tracking functions are implemented on the iOS mobile platform. For the problem of traffic data acquisition and analysis, the dynamic computing method is used to process the performance in real time and calculate the micro and macro traffic parameters of the vehicles, and real-time traffic behavior analysis is conducted and visualized. The experiment results reveals that the vehicle object detection can reach 98.27% precision rate and 87.93% recall rate, and the real-time processing capacity is stable at 30 frames per seconds. This work integrates drone technology, iOS development, and deep learning techniques to integrate traffic video acquisition, object detection, object tracking, and traffic behavior analysis functions on mobile devices. It provides new possibilities for lightweight traffic information collection and data analysis, and offers innovative solutions to improve the efficiency of analyzing road traffic conditions and addressing transportation issues for transportation authorities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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The Discontinuous Strain Method: accurately representing fatigue and failure

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Herrmann, Leon Danshyar, Alireza Kollmannsberger, Stefan Chair of Computational Modeling and Simulation Technical University of Munich School of Engineering and Design Arcisstraße 21 Munich80 333 Germany

Fatigue simulation requires accurate modeling of unloading and reloading. However, classical ductile damage models treat deformations after complete failure as irrecoverable — which leads to unphysical behavior during unloading. This unphysical behavior stems from the continued accumulation of plastic strains after failure, resulting in an incorrect stress state at crack closure. As a remedy, we introduce a discontinuity strain in the additive elasto-plastic strain decomposition, which absorbs the excess strain after failure. This allows representing pre- and post-cracking regimes in a fully continuous setting, wherein the transition from the elasto-plastic response to cracking can be triggered at any arbitrary stage in a completely smooth manner. Moreover, the presented methodology does not exhibit the spurious energy release observed in hybrid approaches. In addition, our approach guarantees mesh-independent results by relying on a characteristic length scale — based on the discretization’s resolution. We name this new methodology the discontinuous strain method. The proposed approach requires only minor modifications of conventional plastic-damage routines. To convey the method in a didactic manner, the algorithmic modifications are first discussed for one- and subsequently for two-/three-dimensional implementations. Using a simple ductile constitutive model, the discontinuous strain method is validated against established two-dimensional benchmarks. The method is, however, independent of the employed constitutive model. Elastic, plastic, and damage models may thus be chosen arbitrarily. Furthermore, computational efforts associated with the method are minimal, rendering it advantageous for accurately representing low-cycle fatigue but potentially also for other scenarios requiring a discontinuity representation within a plastic-damage framework. An open-source implementation is provided to make the proposed method accessible. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Strain

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Cyber Deception Metrics for Interconnected Complex Systems 22

Cyber Deception Metrics for Interconnected Complex Systems

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Proceedings of the Winter simulation Conference

作者： Md ali reza Al amin Sachin Shetty Charles Kamhoua Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA US Army Research Laboratory Adelphi MD USA

Cyber attackers' evolving skills cause it challenging to secure the network. Thus it is paramount to characterize adversarial strategies and estimate the attacker's capability. Furthermore, estimating the adversarial capability can aid the cyber defender when deciding to place deceptive elements in the network. In this paper, we address the problem of characterizing adversarial strategies and develop a suite of metrics that quantify the opportunity and capability of the adversary. Using these metrics, the cyber defender can estimate the attacker's capability. In our simulation, we incorporated the developed metrics to estimate adversary capabilities based on the attacker's aggression, knowledge, and stealthiness level. To minimize the adversarial impact, we consider placing decoy nodes as deceptive elements in the network and measure the effectiveness of having decoy nodes. Our experimental evaluation suggests that placing decoy nodes in the network can effectively increase the attacker's resource usage and decrease the win percentage.

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Development of a framework to support informed shipbuilding based on supply chain disruptions

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Procedia Computer Science 2022年 200卷 1093-1102页

作者： Katherine Smith Rafael Diaz Yuzhong Shen Virginia Modeling Analysis Simulation Center Old Dominion University 1030 University Blvd Suffolk VA 23435 United States of America Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering Old Dominion University 1300 Engineering Computational Sciences Building Norfolk VA 23529 United States of America

In addition to stresses induced by the Covid-19 pandemic, supply chains worldwide have been growing more complex while facing a continuous onslaught of disruptions. This paper presents an analysis and extension of a graph based model for modeling and simulating the effects of such disruptions. The graph based model combines a Bayesian network approach for simulating risks with a network dependency analysis approach for simulating the propagation of disruptions through the network over time. The initial analysis provides evidence supporting extension to for using a multi-layered approach allowing for the inclusion of cyclic features in supply chain models. Initial results for individual layers and the aggregate model are presented and discussed. The paper is concluded with a discussion and recommended directions for future work.

关键词： Supply chain Risk disruption analysis modeling simulation Functional dependency analysis Graphical models

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A plastic damage model with mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening for low-cycle fatigue in 7020 aluminum

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Daneshyar, Alireza Siebert, Dorina Radlbeck, Christina Kollmannsberger, Stefan Chair of Computational Modeling and Simulation Technical University of Munich Germany Chair of Metal Structures Technical University of Munich Germany Data Science in Civil Engineering Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Germany

The paper at hand presents an in-depth investigation into the fatigue behavior of the high-strength aluminum alloy EN AW-7020 T6 using both experimental and numerical approaches. Two types of specimens are investigated: a dog-bone specimen subjected to cyclic loading in a symmetric strain-controlled regime, and a compact tension specimen subjected to repeated loading and unloading, which leads to damage growth from the notch tip. Experimental data from these tests are used to identify the different phases of fatigue and to establish the requirements for an appropriate constitutive model. Subsequently, a plastic-damage model is developed, incorporating J2 plasticity with Chaboche-type mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening. A detailed investigation reveals that the Chaboche model must be blended with a suitable isotropic hardening and combined with a proper damage growth model to accurately describe cyclic fatigue including large plastic strains up to failure. Multiple back-stress components with independent properties are superimposed, and exponential isotropic hardening with saturation effects is introduced to improve alignment with experimental results. For damage, different stress splits are tested, with the deviatoric/volumetric split proving successful in reproducing the desired degradation in peak stress and stiffness. A nonlinear activation function is introduced to ensure smooth transitions between tension and compression. Two damage indices, one for the deviatoric part and one for the volumetric part, are defined, each of which is governed by a distinct trilinear damage growth function. The governing differential equation of the problem is regularized by higher-order gradient terms to address the ill-posedness induced by softening. Finally, the plasticity model is calibrated using finite element simulations of the dog-bone test and subsequently applied to the cyclic loading of the compact tension specimen. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cyclic loads

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Assessing and Improving Automated Viewpoint Planning for Static Laser Scanning Using Optimization Methods

Assessing and Improving Automated Viewpoint Planning for Sta...

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2024 ISPRS Technical Commission I Mid-term Symposium on Intelligent Sensing and Remote Sensing Application

作者： Noichl, Florian Stuecke, Maximilian Thielen, Clemens Borrmann, André Chair of Computational Modeling and Simulation School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Professorship of Complex Networks Tum Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences Straubing94315 Germany Department of Mathematics School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Garching bei München85748 Germany

The preparation of laser scanning missions is important for efficiency and data quality. Furthermore, it is a prerequisite for automated data acquisition, which has numerous applications in the built environment, including autonomous inspections and monitoring of construction progress and quality criteria. The scene and potential scanning locations can be discretized to facilitate the analysis of visibility and quality aspects. The remaining mathematical problem to generate an economic scan strategy is the Viewpoint Planning Problem (VPP), which asks for a minimum number of scanning locations within the given scene to cover the scene under pre-defined requirements. Solutions for this problem are most commonly found using heuristics. While these efficient methods scale well, they cannot generally return globally optimal solutions. This paper investigates the VPP based on a problem description that considers quality-constrained visibility in 3D scenes and suitable overlaps between individual viewpoints for targetless registration of acquired point clouds. The methodology includes the introduction of a preprocessing method designed to simplify the input data without losing information about the problem. The paper details various solution methods for the VPP, encompassing conventional heuristics and a mixed-integer linear programming formulation, which is solved using Benders decomposition. Experiments are carried out on two case study datasets, varying in specifications and sizes, to evaluate these methods. The results show the actual quality of the obtained solutions and their deviation from optimality (in terms of the estimated optimality gap) for instances where exact solutions can not be achieved. © 2024 Florian Noichl et al.

关键词： Visibility

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From Narratives to Conceptual Models via Natural Language Processing

From Narratives to Conceptual Models via Natural Language Pr...

引用

simulation Winter Conference

作者： David Shuttleworth Jose Padilla Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Old Dominion University Suffolk VA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665476621

This paper explores the use of natural language processing (NLP) towards the semi-automatic generation of conceptual models, and eventual simulation specifications, from descriptions of a phenomenon. Narratives describing the problem are transformed into a list of concepts and relationships and visualized using a network graph. The process relies on pattern-based grammatical rules and an NLP dependency parser identifying important concept types, namely actors, factors, and mechanisms. We use three conceptualizations, created by potential users, to understand how the NLP-generated model should and could be adjusted. The objective of the research is to develop potential standard approaches users can use to generate conceptual models; develop a conceptual modeling assistant that subject matter experts can use to make them participant in the simulation creation process; and to identify how narratives should be written so an NLP-based conceptual modeling assistant may provide a thorough description of a phenomenon.

关键词： Visualization Natural language processing Object recognition Standards

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A New MS engineering Program with A Base in Computer engineering

A New MS Engineering Program with A Base in Computer Enginee...

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2021 Winter simulation Conference, WSC 2021

作者： Leathrum, James F. Shen, Yuzhong Gonzalez, Oscar Old Dominion University Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering 1300 Engineering and Computational Sciences Building NorfolkVA23529 United States Old Dominion University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NorfolkVA23529 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433112

The reality of the current academic climate, in particular faced with drops in enrollment over the next decade as a result from drops in birth rates, is forcing hard choices for small programs such as the modeling simulation engineering (MSE) program at Old Dominion University (ODU). The quality of the program and its benefit to its constituents do not offset the impracticality of continuing such programs. Two primary options for such programs are closure or consolidation. ODU decided on the latter course of action for MSE. Due to the computational nature of the existing program, a decision was made to place MSE as a major under the Computer engineering degree. This paper presents the justification for this decision and the resulting curriculum and the hard decisions made to allow it to fit under computer engineering. A discussion of feedback from constituents such as the industrial advisory board for the existing MSE program is included. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Drops

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