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arXiv 2024年

作者： Carrara, Andrea Nousias, Stavros Borrmann, André Technical University of Munich School of Engineering and Design Chair of Computational Modelling and Simulation Germany

This paper introduces a new approach to extract and analyze vector data from technical drawings in PDF format. Our method involves converting PDF files into SVG format and creating a feature-rich graph representation, which captures the relationships between vector entities using geometrical information. We then apply a graph attention transformer with hierarchical label definition to achieve accurate line-level segmentation. Our approach is evaluated on two datasets, including the public FloorplanCAD dataset, which achieves state-of-the-art results on weighted F1 score, surpassing existing methods. The proposed vector-based method offers a more scalable solution for large-scale technical drawing analysis compared to vision-based approaches, while also requiring significantly less GPU power than current state-of-the-art vector-based techniques. Moreover, it demonstrates improved performance in terms of the weighted F1 (wF1) score on the semantic segmentation task. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in extracting meaningful information from technical drawings, enabling new applications, and improving existing workflows in the AEC industry. Potential applications of our approach include automated building information modeling (BIM) and construction planning, which could significantly impact the efficiency and productivity of the industry. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Three-Dimensional Effects in the Dendritic Growth Competition of Bi-crystals

Three-Dimensional Effects in the Dendritic Growth Competitio...

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Materials Processing Fundamentals Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Soar, P. Krastins, I. Brown, P. Draper, O. Green, N. Kao, A. Computational Science and Engineering Group Centre for Advanced Simulation and Modelling University of Greenwich London United Kingdom Rolls-Royce Plc. Derby United Kingdom High Temperature Research Centre School of Metallurgy and Materials University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810527

Dendritic competitionDendritic growth competition in solidifying metal alloys is a key component in the formation of the microstructure of metal parts that dictates their material properties. Many 2D studies of dendritic competition have been performed, but these represent a largely idealised representation of the behaviour observed in experiments, overlooking the complexities of the full range of 3D orientations3D orientations and the impact these geometric changes have on the interactionInteraction of grains at a dendritic level. To explore this effect in more detail a parametric numerical modelling study using a Cellular Automata dendritic solidificationSolidification code has been performed to examine the competition of bi-crystalBi crystals systems at an industrially relevant scale. For this solidifying system, this study will vary the 3D orientations3D orientations of the competing bi-crystalsBi crystals, test different thermal conditions, and assess the impact of fluid flowFluid flow. Where possible reference to observed experimental results will be presented to support the results obtained using the modelling. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.

关键词： Bismuth alloys

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Foot function enabled by human walking dynamics

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Physical Review E 2022年第6期106卷 064405-064405页

作者： Daniel Renjewski Susanne Lipfert Michael Günther Computational Biophysics and Biorobotics Group Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany

Bipedal walking, the habitual gait for man, is rather unique in nature and poses particular challenges for balance and propulsion. The characteristic double-humped ground reaction force profile has been widely observed but not put into functional context. We propose a mathematical model that captures the dynamics of the human foot in walking including the characteristic motion of the center of pressure. Using this model, we analyze the functional interplay of all essential biomechanical contributors to foot dynamics in walking. Our results demonstrate the intricate interplay of a self-stabilizing mechanism which allows extending a leg's stance phase while simultaneously powering rapid swing by condensing the essentials of foot dynamics into a reductionist, biomechanical model. A theory is presented which identifies the foot to be the key functional element and which explains the global dynamics of human walking. The provided insights will impact gait therapy and rehabilitation, the development of assistive devices, such as leg prostheses and exoskeletons, and provide guidelines for the design and control of versatile humanoid robots.

关键词： Biological movement Biomechanics Classical mechanics Continuum mechanics Kinesiology Dynamical systems

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Numerical study of effects of hydrogen addition on methane combustion behaviors

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第11期30卷 2173-2185页

作者： Dian-yu E Ling-yi Weng Guang-wu Tang Jing Li Guang-chao Wei Jia-xin Cui Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang330013JiangxiChina International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang330013JiangxiChina Shenzhen Smoore Technology Limited Shenzhen518102GuangdongChina ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000ShandongChina

The methane combustion with hydrogen addition can effectively reduce carbon emissions in the iron and steel making industry,while the combustion mechanism is still poorly *** oxy-fuel combustion of methane with hydrogen addition in a 0.8 MW oxy-natural gas combustion experimental furnace was numerically studied to investigate six different combustion *** results show that the 28-step chemical reaction mechanism is the optimal recommendation for the simulation balancing the numerical accuracy and computational *** the hydrogen enrichment increases in fuel,the highest flame temperature ***,the chemical reaction accelerates with enlarging the peak of the highest flame temperature and intermediate OH *** the hydrogen enrichment reaches 75 vol.%,the flame front is the farthest,and the flame high-temperature zone occupies the largest proportion corresponding to the most vigorous chemical reactions in the same oxygen supply.

关键词： Oxy-fuel combustion Hydrogen Combustion mechanism Flame temperature simulation Modeling

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Formal analysis and validation of levels of geometry (LOG) in building information models 27

Formal analysis and validation of levels of geometry (LOG) i...

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27th EG-ICE International Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering 2020

作者： Abualdenien, Jimmy Borrmann, André Computational Modelling and Simulation Technical University of Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783798331556

Construction projects are multidisciplinary and contractual. The collaboration among the project participants and the quality of the exchanged building information throughout the project lifecycle are prescribed in legal agreements. The Level of Development (LOD) concept is widely used for describing the building elements' maturity. Detailing models to a certain LOD is crucial for integrating the partial models as well as consumes additional time and costs. Every LOD comprises requirements for both Level of Geometry (LOG) and Level of Information (LOI). Thus far, the validation of LOD is limited to the LOI, whereas, checking the quality of the LOG is a complex and unsolved task. This paper proposes a framework for validating the LOG of building elements. In more detail, a LOG dataset is modelled, and then a formal metric is defined based on an extracted set of geometric features. Finally, a random forest model is developed for predicting the LOG. © EG-ICE 2020 Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Geometry

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Retracing positions of terrestrial laser scanners to reinstate legacy point clouds 27

Retracing positions of terrestrial laser scanners to reinsta...

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27th EG-ICE International Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering 2020

作者： Eickeler, Felix Borrmann, André Computational Modelling and Simulation Technical University of Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783798331556

Laser scanners provide a mostly geometric representation, but further details can be collected by analysing the recording setup. While the recording configuration is needed in post-processing, it is generally not passed on to the engineers as most scans are created by surveyors and handled by subcontractors. This disconnection between the consumer and the creator can be observed by the fact, that most laser scanned point clouds include intensity information. In day to day use, the intensity information serves as a substitute for colour as it provides contrasts between different objects in the recording. However, from the technical perspective the intensity is the result of the recording device interacting with the surface. This interaction should not be used for automation as different recording setups may result in different interactions and outcomes. Facing this problem, we propose a mechanism to enrich terrestrial laser scans by recreating original scan parameters and further converting the intensity to reflectivity - a sole property of the recorded surface. © EG-ICE 2020 Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scanning

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Particle shape effect on hydrodynamics and heat transfer in spouted bed:A CFD-DEM study

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Particuology 2022年第10期20卷 10-21页

作者： Dianyu E Peng Zhou Suya Guo Jia Zeng Jiaxin Cui Youyuan Jiang Yuanxiang Lu Zeyi Jiang Zhengquan Li Shibo Kuang Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Simulation and Modelling of Particulate Systems Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Ironmaking Plant Xiangtan Iron and Steel Corporation of Hunan HualingXiangtan 411101China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia

Spouted bed has drawn much attention due to its good heat and mass transfer efficiency in many chemical *** the flow patterns and heat and mass transfer inside a spouted bed can help optimize the spouting ***,in this study,the effects of particle shape on the hydrodynamics and heat transfer in a spouted bed are *** is done by using a validated computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM)model,considering volume-equivalent spheres and oblate and prolate *** results are analysed in detail in terms of the flow pattern,microstruc-ture,and heat transfer *** numerical results show that the prolate spheroids(Ar=2.4)form the largest bubble from the beginning of the spouting process and rise the highest because the fluid drag forces can overcome the interlocking and particle-particle frictional *** with spherical particles,ellipsoidal spheroids have better mobility because of the stronger rotational kinetic energy resulting from the rough surfaces and nonuniform *** addition,the oblate spheroid system exhibits better heat transfer performance benefiting from the larger surface area,while prolate spheroids have poor heat transfer efficiency because of their orientation *** findings can serve as a reference for optimizing the design and operation of complex spouted beds.

关键词： Spouted bed Gas-solid flow Particle shape CFD-DEM Heat transfer

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The effect of rotation speed and mixer size on granular flow and mixing in bladed mixers 9

The effect of rotation speed and mixer size on granular flow...

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9th International Conference on Micromechanics on Granular Media, Powders and Grains 2021

作者： Herman, Angga Gan, Jieqing Yu, Aibing Laboratory of Simulation and Modelling of Particulate System ARC Hub for Computational Particle Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University MelbourneVIC3800 Australia

Bladed mixers are widely used in the industry for granular mixing. In the past decades, the mixing of particles in bladed mixers has been extensively investigated experimentally and numerically. Recently, GPU-based DEM has been employed to simulate various industrial-scale applications. This work aims to apply the GPU-based DEM to investigate the effect of rotation speed and mixer size on granular mixing in bladed mixers of different sizes. The simulation in a larger mixer revealed distinct particle flow patterns that well-describe the mixing mechanism which is difficult to observe in a smaller mixer. The Lacey’s mixing index curves revealed a delay in mixing as the mixer size increases. The mixing rate decreases as the mixer size increases and it can be improved with increasing rotation speed. The average particle velocity increase significantly with increasing rotation speed and mixer size. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Mixers (machinery)

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Formation of spin-orbital entangled two-dimensional electron gas in layer delta-doped bilayer iridate LaδSr3Ir2O7

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Physical Review Materials 2023年第11期7卷 114409-114409页

作者： Amit Chauhan Arijit Mandal B. R. K. Nanda Condensed Matter Theory and Computational Lab Department of Physics IIT Madras Chennai 36 India Center for Atomistic Modelling and Materials Design IIT Madras Chennai 36 India Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany

5d transition-metal oxides host a variety of exotic phases due to the comparable strength of Coulomb repulsion and spin-orbit coupling. Herein, by pursuing density-functional studies on a delta-doped quasi-two-dimensional iridate Sr3Ir2O7, where a single SrO layer is replaced by LaO layer, we predict the formation of a spin-orbital entangled two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) which is sharply confined on two IrO2 layers close to the LaO layer. In this bilayer crystal structure, an existing potential well is further augmented with the inclusion of positively charged LaO layer which results in confining the extra valence electron made available by the La3+ ion. The confined electron is bound along crystal a direction and is highly mobile in the bc plane. A tight-binding model Hamiltonian involving the Ir−t2g orbitals is formulated to provide further insight into the formation of 2DEG. From the band structure point of view, now the existing half-filled Jeff=1/2 states are further electron doped to destroy the antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state of IrO2 layers near to the delta-doped layer. This leads to partially occupied Ir upper-Hubbard subbands which host the spin-orbital entangled 2DEG. The IrO2 layers far away from the interface remain insulating and preserve the collinear G-type magnetic ordering of pristine Sr3Ir2O7. The conductivity tensors calculated using semiclassical Boltzmann theory at room temperature reveal that the 2DEG exhibits large electrical conductivity of the order of 1019Sm−1s−1.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Electronic structure Magnetism Spin-orbit coupling Antiferromagnets Magnetic insulators Mott insulators Two-dimensional electron gas Boltzmann theory Density functional theory Electron-correlation calculations

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Polytopal composite finite elements for modeling concrete fracture based on nonlocal damage models

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Huynh, Hai D. Natarajan, S. Nguyen-Xuan, H. Zhuang, Xiaoying Chair of Computational Science and Simulation Technology Department of Mathematics and Physics Leibniz University Hannover Germany Integrated Modelling and Simulation Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

The paper presents an assumed strain formulation over polygonal meshes to accurately evaluate the strain fields in nonlocal damage models. An assume strained technique based on the Hu-Washizu variational principle is employed to generate a new strain approximation instead of direct derivation from the basis functions and the displacement fields. The underlying idea embedded in arbitrary finite polygons is named as Polytopal composite finite elements (PCFEM). The PCFEM is accordingly applied within the framework of the nonlocal model of continuum damage mechanics to enhance the description of damage behaviours in which highly localized deformations must be captured accurately. This application is helpful to reduce the mesh-sensitivity and elaborate the process-zone of damage models. Several numerical examples are designed for various cases of fracture to discuss and validate the computational capability of the present method through comparison with published numerical results and experimental data from the literature. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Finite element method

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