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Analysis of the nutritional and antinutritional contents of tubers of Agew potatoes (Plectranthus edulis) grown in the Awi Zone, Amhara regional state of Ethiopia

Food Chemistry Advances

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Food Chemistry Advances 2024年 5卷

作者： Andualem, Misganaw Tadesse, Bezuayehu Bitew, Abebe Tesfaw, Asmamaw Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Debre Berhan University P. O. Box 445 Debre Berhan Ethiopia Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate Ethiopian Public Health Institute Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences Debre Berhan University Ethiopia

Plectranthus edulis is one of the most important tuberous plants, is an indigenous plant, and grows in middle- and high-altitude areas. This study investigated the proximate, antinutritional, antioxidant, and mineral compositions of P. edulis (Agew potato) grown in the Dangila, Ankesha, and Banja districts in the Awi zone of the Amhara region, Ethiopia. The proximate composition was determined via the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) protocol. The moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, carbohydrate, phytate, tannin, TPC, TFC, and DPPH assay results ranged from 70.87 to 74.92 g/100 g, 3.92–4.58 g/10 g, 0.36–0.61 g/100 g, 6.86–9.29 g/100 g, 3.18–3.56 g/100 g, 71.79–78.81 g/100 g, 61.48–108.04 mg/100 g, 8.46–44.15 mg/100 g, 17.53–28.42 mg/g, 2.75–5.71 mg/g, and 52.94–71.49%, respectively. The concentrations of Na, P, Fe, Cu, and Zn ranged from 261.85 to 603.90 mg/kg, 82.02–251.82 mg/100 g, 23.74–65.36 mg/kg, 9.98–16.27 mg/kg, and 17.68–30.20 mg/kg, respectively. The Agew potato from Dangila had a better nutritional content than Banja and Ankesha. Agew potatoes are nutritious and medically important tuber plants used to secure food, especially in undernourished societies. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Antinutrient Antioxidant activity Mineral content Plectranthus edulis Proximate analysis

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Correction to: Spatiotemporal analysis of droughts characteristics and drivers in the Omo-Gibe River basin, Ethiopia

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Environmental Systems Research 2022年第1期11卷 1-1页

作者： Anose, Fikru Abiko Beketie, Kassahun Ture Zeleke, Tadesse Terefe Ayal, Desalegn Yayeh Feyisa, Gudina Legese Haile, Bereket Tesfaye Center for Environmental Science College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Institute of Geophysics Space Science and Astronomy Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Center for Food Security Studies College of Development Studies Addis Ababa University Ethiopia Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Corrigendum to “Documentation of traditional medicinal plants use in Ensaro District, Ethiopia: Implications for plant biodiversity and indigenous knowledge conservation” [J. Herb. Med. 38 (100641) (2023)]

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Journal of Herbal Medicine 2023年 39卷

作者： Asaye Asfaw Ermias Lulekal Tamrat Bekele Asfaw Debella Hiwot Moges Samuel Tessema Asfaw Meresa Abiy Abebe Sileshi Degu Eyob Debebe Debre Brehan University College of Agriculture Natural Resource Management Department Debre Brehan Ethiopia Addis Ababa University College of Computational and Natural Science Addis Ababa Ethiopia Ethiopian Public Health Institute Traditional Medicine Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Optimization of pyrolysis conditions for Catha edulis waste-based biochar production using response surface methodology

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Bioresources and bioprocessing 2025年第1期12卷 62页

作者： Abdi Birhanu Abrha Mulu Hailu Zemene Worku Israel Tessema Kenatu Angassa Solomon Tibebu Department Environmental Engineering College Engineering Sustainable Energy Center of Excellence Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Department Environmental Engineering College Engineering Sustainable Energy Center of Excellence Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia. chem.mulu@***. Deparment of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Aksum University Axum Ethiopia. chem.mulu@***.

Catha edulis (Khat) waste (KW) is one of the challenging waste managements in Ethiopian urban areas. While biochar from other biomass sources has been studied, the effect of pyrolysis conditions on Catha edulis waste-based biochar yield and quality remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the biochar production process from Catha edulis waste for high yield and desirable characteristics. The KW and biochar were characterized using FTIR, BET, proximate analysis and other key parameters. The results indicated that KW possesses favorable properties for thermochemical conversion, with low ash content (4.35% wt. dry basis) and significant organic constituents (46.89% cellulose, 28.53% lignin, 19.62% hemicellulose, 4.96% extractives). The effect of pyrolysis process variables embracing reaction temperature, reaction time, and particle size on biochar yield and quality was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with central composite design (CCD). The biochar was desirably characterized by a pH of 8.96, fixed carbon of 60.08%, ash content of 10.55%, and a yield of 45.12% at the optimum production processes of 390 °C, 44 min, and 0.7 mm particle size. Moreover, the study found that pyrolysis temperature was the most influential factor across all responses (yield and quality). Consequently, the biochar (yield and quality) was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by pyrolysis temperature. In conclusion, the study inferred that KW holds substantial potential for biochar production with remarkable soil amendment characteristics.

关键词： Catha edulis waste Biochar CCD Optimization Pyrolysis conditions RSM

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Identifying investment priority areas for soil conservation in the Winike watershed, upper Omo Gibe Basin of Ethiopia

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Watershed Ecology and the Environment 2025年

作者： Abreham Berta Aneseyee Eyasu Elias Teshome Sorromessa Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Wolkite University P. O. Box 07 wolkite Ethiopia Center for Environmental Science College of Natural and Computational Science Addis Ababa University P. O. Box No: 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Sustainable land management is necessary for soil erosion control, vegetation recovery, and land restoration. This study was conducted to identify the soil erosion susceptibility areas in the Winike watershed, upper Omo Gibe Basin of Ethiopia. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and InVEST modeling combined with GIS were used to generate primary data on soil erosion severity. Land use types, slope, elevation, NDVI, rainfall, drainage density, and soil types were important variables analyzed for soil erosion rate determination. The result shows a significant variation in soil erosion vulnerability among sub-watersheds ranging from low to very high vulnerability. The watershed’s very highly vulnerable eastern part accounts for 108.23 km 2 (9.91 %) due to lacks vegetation cover, while the less vulnerable to the western part covers 179.66 km 2 (16.46 %). Analysis of the Geo-environmental parameters shows that rainfall (26 %) is the most significant influencing factor, followed by vegetation cover (i.e., land use types), explaining about 23 % of the erosion severity. Comparing soil erosion vulnerability using the AHP and InVEST SDR models was 14.01 % and 16 %, respectively, suggesting insignificant variation between the erosion vulnerability analysis models. The study emphasizes the usefulness of erosion vulnerability modeling for identifying investment priority areas based on soil erosion status for soil conservation intervention, offering a range of decision-making options for land management.

关键词： AHP model InVEST SDR Soil erosion Intervention priority upper Omo Wine watershed Vulnerable

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Land Use/Land Cover Change and Its Driving Forces in Shenkolla Watershed, South Central Ethiopia

Scientific World Journal

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Scientific World Journal 2021年第1期2021卷 9470918页

作者： Bufebo, Belayneh Elias, Eyasu Department of Natural Resource Management Wachemo University P.O. Box 667 Hosanna Ethiopia Center for Environmental Science College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Land use change is one of the challenges that aggravate environmental problems. Understanding the scope of land use change, driving forces, and consequences is very crucial for proper management of land resources. We investigated land use/land cover changes using remote sensing data (for the years 1973, 1995, and 2017), and field observation, household survey, key informant interview, and focus group discussion were used to determine the drivers and consequences of land use/land cover changes in Shenkolla watershed, south central Ethiopia. Unsupervised and supervised classification techniques were employed to get thematic information from satellite imagery. ArcGIS 10.3 and QGIS v 3.0 softwares were used to accomplish the analysis. The results disclosed that Shenkolla watershed has changed significantly during the past 4 decades between 1973 and 2017. This observed change indicates a reduction in forest land and an increase in agricultural land. Forest land was reduced from 29.51% in 1973 to 20.52% in 2017, but agricultural land was expanded from 70.49% in 1973 to 79.48% in 2017. Agricultural expansion, policy change and social unrest, population pressure, shortage of farm land, and biophysical factors were major driving forces of the LU/LC changes. Environmental implications such as climate change, biodiversity loss, scarcity of basic forest products, habitat alteration, decline in quality and availability of water, and crop yield reduction are the consequences of the LU/LC change. The expansion of agricultural land at the expense of forest cover in Shenkolla watershed has negative implications on the natural resources and the livelihood of local people. Hence, appropriate measures need to be employed to reduce the dramatic change in land use and to harmonize environmental conservation with human livelihood. © 2021 Belayneh Bufebo and Eyasu Elias.

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Working Parameters Optimization of Hydrolysis-acidogenesis reactor in two stage anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse Wastewater for Biogas Production

Research Square

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Research Square 2020年

作者： Bedane, Dejene Tsegaye Khan, Mohammed Mazharuddin Asfaw, Seyoum Leta Addis Ababa University College of Natural Sciences Ethiopia Center for Environmental Science College of Natural and Computational Science Addis Ababa University Ethiopia

Background: Wastewater from agro-industries such as slaughterhouse is typical organic wastewater with high value of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, biological organic nutrients (Nitrogen and phosphate) which are insoluble, slowly biodegradable solids, pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses, parasite eggs. Moreover it contains high protein and putrefies fast leading to environmental pollution problem. This indicates that slaughterhouses are among the most environmental polluting agro-industries. Anaerobic digestion is a sequence of metabolic steps involving consortiums of several microbial populations to form a complex metabolic interaction network resulting in the conversation of organic matter into methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and other trace compounds. Separation of the phase permits the optimization of the organic loading rate and HRT based on the requirements of the microbial consortiums of each phase. The purpose of this study was to optimize the working conditions for the hydrolytic - acidogenic stage in two step/phase anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse wastewater. The setup of the laboratory scale reactor was established at Center for Environmental science, College of Natural science with a total volume of 40 liter (36 liter working volume and 4 liter gas space). The working parameters for hydrolytic - acidogenic stage were optimized for six hydraulic retention time 1-6 days and equivalent organic loading rate of 5366.43 – 894.41 mg COD/L day to evaluate the effect of the working parameters on the performance of hydrolytic – acidogenic reactor. Result: The finding revealed that hydraulic retention time of 3 day with organic loading rate of 1,788.81 mg COD/L day was a as an optimal working conditions for the parameters under study for the hydrolytic - acidogenic stage. The degree of hydrolysis and acidification were mainly influenced by lower hydraulic retention time (higher organic loading rate) and highest values reco

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Smallholder Farmers on Agricultural Inputs with a Focus on Biologicals

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Mulugeta, Tewodros Ilomo, Mesia Mueke, Allan Onyango, Cecillia M. Matsaunyane, Lerato Kritzinger, Quenton Alexandersson, Erik Department of Biology College of Natural and Computational Science Kotebe University of Education Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Plant and Soil Science University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa Department of Animal Health and Production School of Pure and Applied Science Mount Kenya University General Kago Rd PO BOX Thika342-01000 Kenya Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Plant Breeding Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plants Pretoria0001 South Africa LommaSE-23053 Sweden

There is a general drive to reduce pesticide use due to the negative effects pesticides can have on the environment and human health. The EU Commission, for example, through its "Farm to Fork Strategy," has proposed to decrease the use of chemical pesticides that are hazardous by 50% by 2030. In addition to the lack of sustainable agri-inputs, conventional safety precautions while applying pesticides are not always followed among smallholder farmers in low-income countries. This necessitates new low-risk crop protection strategies where agricultural biologicals can substitute for or at least partially replace chemical pesticides. Whereas the market and use of biologicals are growing quickly in industrialized countries, this practice remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. To understand the reason behind the low usage, this study examined knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards agri-inputs with a focus on biologicals among 150 smallholder farmers in the Chole district in Ethiopia. All farmers used chemical pesticides and/or inorganic fertilizers to protect crops, improve yield, and comply with government regulations. Regarding the practice of using biologicals, it was restricted to one group of biologicals, bio-fertilizer, which about 60% of farmers used, whereas no usage of biologicals for plant protection was reported. Even though the understanding of the concept of biologicals was deemed high among respondents, the majority (90%) did not identify biologicals as safer alternatives to conventional agri-inputs. More than half of the respondents (54%) did not recommend biologicals as a safer alternative to their colleagues. Even if the responding farmers did not perceive biologicals as risk-free, they had a positive attitude towards biologicals when it came to producing healthy food and increasing crop yield and income. In comparison to the positive attitude, the farmers’ knowledge and practice of biologicals were in general low;thus, efforts are needed to create a

关键词： Pesticides

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Correction to: Modeling rock slope stability using kinematic, limit equilibrium and finiteelement methods along Mertule Maryam–Mekane Selam road, central Ethiopia

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Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 2022年第2期9卷 1587-1587页

作者： Bekele, addisu Meten, Matebie Department of Geology College of Applied Sciences Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Geology College of Natural and Computational Science Bule Hora University Bule Hora Ethiopia Mineral Exploration and Exploitation Center of Excellence Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Simplified Integral Calculations for Radial Fin with Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2019年第3期7卷 513-526页

作者： Okey Oseloka Onyejekwe Computational Science Program Addis Ababa University Arat Kilo Campus Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Numerical solution of a radiative radial fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is presented. Calculations are implemented along the lines of a boundary integral technique coupled with domain discretization. Localized solutions of the nonlinear governing differential equation are sought on each element of the problem domain after enforcing inter-nodal connectivity as well as the boundary conditions for the dependent variables. A finite element-type assembly of the element equations and matrix solution yield the scalar profile. Comparison of the numerical results with those found in literature validates the formulation. The effects of such problem parameters as radiation-sink temperature, thermal conductivity, radiation-conduction fin parameter, volumetric heat generation, on the scalar profile were found to be in conformity with the physics of the problem. We also observed from this study that the volumetric heat generation plays a significant role in the overall heat transfer activity for a fin. For relatively high values of internal heat generation, a situation arises where a greater percentage of this energy can not escape to the environment and the fin ends up gaining energy instead of losing it. And the overall fin performance deteriorates. The same can also be said for the radiation-conduction parameter , whose increases can only give physically realistic results below a certain threshold value.

关键词： Radiative Radial Fin Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity Discretized Problem Domain Boundary Integral Technique Generic Elements Assembly of Element Equations

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