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AHFE Virtual Conference on Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors, the Virtual Conference on Social and Occupational Ergonomics, and the Virtual Conference on Cross-Cultural Decision Making, 2020

作者： Shen, Wei-Cheng Jan, Yih-Kuen Lung, Chi-Wen Anastian, Aqo Hsieh, Chang-Wei Cheng, Hsu-Tang Liao, Yin-Yin Liau, Ben-Yi Department of Digital Media Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Rehabilitation Engineering Lab University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Computational Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Department of Creative Product Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Information Systems Study Program Department of Mathematics Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Division of Plastic Surgery Asia University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Hungkuang University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030515485

Pressure ulcers are a common problem among older nursing home residents. Wound healing monitoring in these older residents causes intensive significant workload for nurses. Moisture and sebum of the skin are critical factors during wound healing which can observations for nurses quick and handy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between moisture and sebum of the skin during wound healing in older people. The data of moisture and sebum was observed for four times in sequence biweekly from the sacrum region of eighteen subjects. Based on the wound healing status, the subjects were grouped into the wound healing, wound non-healing, and non-wound groups. The wound area was calculated by manually tracing the wound area in captured images using the Image-J. Ulcer area were median correlation with moisture (r =.61) and sebum (r = −.60) in the wound healing group. The moisture was also significantly correlated with sebum (r =.89, p © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Moisture

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Quantifying the trade-offs between energy consumption and salt removal rate in membrane-free cation intercalation desalination

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Sizhe Smith, Kyle C. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Computational Science and Engineering Program University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Study University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Electrochemical desalination devices that use redox-active cation intercalation electrodes show promise for desalination of salt-rich water resources with high water recovery and low energy consumption. While previous modeling and experiments used ion-exchange membranes to maximize charge efciency, here a membrane-free alternative is evaluated to reduce capital cost by using a porous diaphragm to separate Na1+xNiFe(CN)6 electrodes. Two-dimensional porous-electrode modeling shows that, while charge eficiency losses are inherent to a diaphragm-based architecture, charge eficiency values approaching the anion transference number (61% for NaCl) are achievable for diaphragms with suFIciently low salt conductance. Closed-form equations are thereby derived that relate charge eficiency to the non-dimensional Pfeclet and Damkohler numbers that enable the selection of current and ow velocity to produce a desired degree-of-desalination. Simulations using these conditions are used to quantify the tradeo_s between energy consumption and salt removal rate for diaphragmbased cells operated at a range of currents. The simulated distributions of reactions are shown to result from the local salt concentration variations within electrodes using di_usion-potential theory. We also simulate the cycling dynamics of various ow configurations and show that ow-through electrodes exceed the degree-of-desalination compared with ow-by and ow-behind configurations due to solution stagnation within electrodes. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Desalination

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Origin of Overstretching Transitions in Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第18期111卷 188302-188302页

作者： Zackary N. Scholl Mahir Rabbi David Lee Laura Manson Hanna S-Gracz Piotr E. Marszalek Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Center for Biologically Inspired Materials and Material Systems Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27708 USA

We combined single-molecule force spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and molecular mechanics simulations to examine overstretching transitions in single-stranded nucleic acids. In single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA there is a low-force transition that involves unwinding of the helical structure, along with base unstacking. We determined that the high-force transition that occurs in polydeoxyadenylic acid single-stranded DNA is caused by the cooperative forced flipping of the dihedral angle formed between four atoms, O5’-C5’-C4’-C3’ (γ torsion), in the nucleic acid backbone within the canonical B-type helix. The γ torsion also flips under force in A-type helices, where the helix is shorter and wider as compared to the B-type helix, but this transition is less cooperative than in the B type and does not generate a high-force plateau in the force spectrums of A-type helices. We find that a similar high-force transition can be induced in polyadenylic acid single-stranded RNA by urea, presumably due to disrupting the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the backbone. We hypothesize that a pronounced high-force transition observed for B-type helices of double stranded DNA also involves a cooperative flip of the γ torsion. These observations suggest new fundamental relationships between the canonical structures of single-and double-stranded DNA and the mechanism of their molecular elasticity.

关键词： NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy SINGLE-stranded DNA NUCLEOTIDE sequence DEOXYRIBOSE ATOMIC force microscopy

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Clustering in Networks Via Kernel-ARMA Modeling and the Grassmannian: The Brain-Network Case

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Ye, Cong Slavakis, Konstantinos Patil, Pratik V. Nakuci, Johan Muldoon, Sarah F. Medaglia, John NY14260 United States Neuroscience Program University at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States Department of Mathematics and the Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program University at Buffalo SUNYNY14260 United States Department of Psychology Drexel University Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States

This paper introduces a clustering framework for networks with nodes are annotated with time-series data. The framework addresses all types of network-clustering problems: State clustering, node clustering within states (a.k.a. topology identification or community detection), and even subnetwork-state-sequence identification/tracking. Via a bottom-up approach, features are first extracted from the raw nodal time-series data by kernel autoregressive-moving-average modeling to reveal non-linear dependencies and low-rank representations, and then mapped onto the Grassmann manifold (Grassmannian). All clustering tasks are performed by leveraging the underlying Riemannian geometry of the Grassmannian in a novel way. To validate the proposed framework, brain-network clustering is considered, where extensive numerical tests on synthetic and real functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data demonstrate that the advocated learning framework compares favorably versus several state-of-the-art clustering schemes. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Time series

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TERMinator: A Neural Framework for Structure-Based Protein Design using Tertiary Repeating Motifs

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Alex J. Sundar, Vikram Grigoryan, Gevorg Keating, Amy E. Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Computational and Systems Biology Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College United States Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

computational protein design has the potential to deliver novel molecular structures, binders, and catalysts for myriad applications. Recent neural graph-based models that use backbone coordinate-derived features show exceptional performance on native sequence recovery tasks and are promising frameworks for design. A statistical framework for modeling protein sequence landscapes using Tertiary Motifs (TERMs), compact units of recurring structure in proteins, has also demonstrated good performance on protein design tasks. In this work, we investigate the use of TERM-derived data as features in neural protein design frameworks. Our graph-based architecture, TERMinator, incorporates TERM-based and coordinate-based information and outputs a Potts model over sequence space. TERMinator outperforms state-of-the-art models on native sequence recovery tasks, suggesting that utilizing TERM-based and coordinate-based features together is beneficial for protein design. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Potts model

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A Post-Pareto Approach for Multi-Objective Decision Making Using a Non-Uniform Weight Generator Method

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Procedia Computer science 2012年 12卷 116-121页

作者： Victor M. Carrillo Heidi Taboada Computational Science Program. The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America Department of Industrial Manufacturing and Systems Engineering. The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America

There exist two general approaches to solve multiple objective problems. The first approach involves the aggregation of all the objective functions into a single composite objective function. Mathematical methods such as the weighted sum method, goal programming, or utility functions are methods that pertain to this general approach. The output of this method is a single solution. On the other hand, we have the multiple objective evolutionary algorithms that offer the decision maker a set of trade off solutions usually called non dominated solutions or, Pareto-optimal solutions. This set is usually very large and the decision maker faces the problem of reducing the size of this set to have a manageable number of solutions to analyze. This paper presents a post- Pareto approach to prune the non-dominated set of solutions obtained by multiple objective evolutionary algorithms. The proposed approach uses a non-uniform weight generator method to reduce the size of the Pareto-optimal set. A pair of examples is presented to show the performance of the method.

关键词： post-Pareto optimality decision making multi-objective optimization problems

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Perturbation theory for evolution of cooperation on networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Meng, Lingqi Masuda, Naoki Department of Mathematics University at Buffalo State University of New York BuffaloNY14260-2900 United States Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program University at Buffalo State University of New York BuffaloNY14260-5030 United States

Network structure is a mechanism for promoting cooperation in social dilemma games. In the present study, we explore graph surgery, i.e., to slightly perturb the given network, towards a network that better fosters cooperation. To this end, we develop a perturbation theory to assess the change in the propensity of cooperation when we add or remove a single edge to/from the given network. Our perturbation theory is for a previously proposed random-walk-based theory that provides the threshold benefit-to-cost ratio, (b/c)∗, which is the value of the benefit-to-cost ratio in the donation game above which the cooperator is more likely to fixate than in a control case, for any finite networks. We find that (b/c)∗ decreases when we remove a single edge in a majority of cases and that our perturbation theory captures at a reasonable accuracy which edge removal makes (b/c)∗ small to facilitate cooperation. In contrast, (b/c)∗ tends to increase when we add an edge, and the perturbation theory is not good at predicting the edge addition that changes (b/c)∗ by a large amount. Our perturbation theory significantly reduces the computational complexity for calculating the outcome of graph *** Codes 91A22, 91D30 Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surgery

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Analysis of node2vec random walks on networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

Random walks have been proven to be useful for constructing various algorithms to gain information on networks. Algorithm node2vec employs biased random walks to realize embeddings of nodes into low-dimensional spaces, which can then be used for tasks such as multi-label classification and link prediction. The performance of the node2vec algorithm in these applications is considered to depend on properties of random walks that the algorithm uses. In the present study, we theoretically and numerically analyze random walks used by the node2vec. Those random walks are second-order Markov chains. We exploit the mapping of its transition rule to a transition probability matrix among directed edges to analyze the stationary probability, relaxation times in terms of the spectral gap of the transition probability matrix, and coalescence time. In particular, we show that node2vec random walk accelerates diffusion when walkers are designed to avoid both back-tracking and visiting a neighbor of the previously visited node but do not avoid them completely. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Relaxation time

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Applications and performance of the non-numerical ranking preferences method for post-Pareto optimality

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Procedia Computer science 2011年 6卷 243-248页

作者： Victor M. Carrillo Oswaldo Aguirre Heidi Taboada Computational Science Program. The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America Department of Industrial Manufacturing and Systems Engineering. The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America

Most real-world engineering optimization problems are implicitly or explicitly multi-objective, and approaches to find the best feasible solution to be implemented can be quite challenging for the decision-maker. In this kind of problem, either the analyst determines a single solution or identifies a set of nondominated solutions, often referred to as Pareto-optimal set. Although, several methods for solving multi-objective optimization problems have been developed and studied, little prior work has been done on the evaluation of results obtained in multi-objective optimization. This selection stage is often referred as post-Pareto optimality. This paper presents a method based on preferences rankings provided from the decision-maker. The method is clearly advantageous because there is no need to provide specific weight values; the only requirement is to provide a non-nominal ranking. Several examples are used to show the performance of the algorithm.

关键词： Multiple objective optimization post-Pareto analysis

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A Clustering Method Based on Dynamic Self Organizing Trees for Post-Pareto Optimality Analysis

引用

Procedia Computer science 2011年 6卷 195-200页

作者： Oswaldo Aguirre Heidi Taboada Computational Science Program. The Universtiry of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America Department of Industrial Manufacturing and Systems Engineering. The Universtiry of Texas at El Paso 500 West University El Paso TX 79968-0521 United States of America

Multiple objective optimization involves the simultaneous optimization of several objective functions. Solving this type of problem involves two stages; the optimization stage and the post-Pareto analysis stage. The first stage focuses in obtaining a set of nondominated solutions while the second one involves the selection of one solution from the Pareto set. Most of the work found in the literature focuses in the first stage. However, the decision making stage is as important as obtaining the set of nondominated solutions. Selecting one solution over others, or reducing the number of alternatives to choose from is not a simple task since the Pareto-optimal set can potentially contain a very large number of solutions. This paper introduces the dynamic self organizing tree algorithm as a method to perform post-Pareto analysis. This algorithm offers two main advantages: there is no need to provide an initial number of clusters, and at each hierarchical level, the algorithm optimizes the number of clusters, and can reassign data from previous hierarchical levels in order to rearrange misclustered data. The proposed method is tested in a well-known multiple objective optimization problem in order to show the performance of the algorithm.

关键词： Multiple objective optimization, post-Pareto analysis

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