Ionic rare earth ore is a type of featured rare earth ore in China. Its mining process suffers from a long leaching cycle and considerable consumption of leaching agents. Improving mining efficiency requires a sound p...
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Halide perovskites make efficient solar cells due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties, but suffer from several stability issues. The characterization of the degradation processes is challenging because of t...
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Power Doppler ultrasound is a sonography technique to detect and visualise blood circulation. Its acquired image sequences suffer from poor temporal resolution and artefacts caused by aliasing, noise, large displaceme...
Power Doppler ultrasound is a sonography technique to detect and visualise blood circulation. Its acquired image sequences suffer from poor temporal resolution and artefacts caused by aliasing, noise, large displacements, shearings or out-of-plane movements. These pitfalls distort flow fields and have unforeseen consequences on flow-based temporal interpolations. We propose a method to detect artefacts caused by such distorted flow fields and to improve the visual quality by replacing regions with detected artefacts by locally better results. This is demonstrated on real data.
Flow in fractured porous media occurs in the earth’s subsurface, in biological tissues, and in man-made materials. Fractures have a dominating influence on flow processes, and the last decade has seen an extensive de...
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Protic ionic liquids are made via intermolecular transfer between cation and anion. This research employs theoretical calculation to gain understanding of the intermolecular interactions at single-ion-pair level and t...
Protic ionic liquids are made via intermolecular transfer between cation and anion. This research employs theoretical calculation to gain understanding of the intermolecular interactions at single-ion-pair level and their consequences to the macroscopic properties of the ionic liquids. The protic ionic liquids used in this study are ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), propylammonium nitrate (PAN), and butylammonium nitrate (BAN). Molecular structures of ions and ion pair of each liquid are optimized using the density functional theory. The ion pair binding energies and infrared spectra of optimized structures are investigated. Infrared spectra of separated cation and anion are compared with cation-anion ion pair to specify the vibrational band shifts due to intermolecular interactions. The infrared-spectra show the hydrogen-bond stretching modes in the far-infrared region at the wavenumber between 108-252 cm−1 and the red shifts of four vibrational bands due to intermolecular interactions between the ions. Three vibrational band shifts are mainly due to Coulomb force, and the other shift is caused by combination of intermolecular interactions. Moreover, the energy calculations show that the binding energy decreases as the alkyl chain length increases.
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