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A Systematic Review on the Applications of Uppaal

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Sensors 2025年第11期25卷

作者： Iwona Grobelna Krystian Gajewski Andrei Karatkevich Institute of Automatic Control Electronics and Electrical Engineering University of Zielona Góra 65-516 Zielona Góra Poland Department of Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology 30-059 Kraków Poland

This paper presents a systematic review on possible applications of the Uppaal tool. This tool, an integrated environment for the modeling, validation, and verification of real-time systems modeled as networks of timed automata, is currently used in various domains of science and engineering. A systematic review of the literature from the years 2022 and 2023 was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure. The aim was to identify the current application areas of various versions of the Uppaal tool, including CORA, TIGA, SMC, and Stratego. A total of 188 studies were included in the review. Quantitative information on the distribution of research papers regarding access options, scientific databases, types of papers, and geographical location was obtained. This review highlights the need for further development of the Uppaal tool. In addition, it includes a brief comparison with other mainstream formal validation tools, explores the applicability of different Uppaal versions, and offers practical guidelines for version selection. Finally, key open challenges and their potential solutions are discussed to support future research and tool enhancement. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Fluidics

Event-triggered control of Port-Hamiltonian Systems under Time-delay Communication

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aranda-Escolastico, Ernesto Colombo, Leonardo J. Guinaldo, María Visioli, Antonio Madrid28040 Spain Ctra. M300 Campo Real Km 0200 Arganda del Rey Madrid28500 Spain The Computer Science and Automatic Control Department UNED Juan del Rosal 16 Madrid28040 Spain The Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Industriale University of Brescia Brescia Italy

We study the problem of periodic event-triggered control of interconnected port-Hamiltonian systems subject to time-varying delays in their communication. In particular, we design a threshold parameter for the event-triggering condition, a sampling period, and a maximum allowable delay such that interconnected port-Hamiltonian control systems with periodic event-triggering mechanism under a time-delayed communication are able to achieve asymptotically stable behaviour. Simulation results are presented to validate the theory. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Time delay

Stochastic Model Predictive control with a Safety Guarantee for Automated Driving: Extended Version

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Brüdigam, Tim Olbrich, Michael Wollherr, Dirk Leibold, Marion The Automatic Control Engineering The Technical University of Munich Munich Germany The Department of Computer Science The University of Augsburg Augsburg Germany

Automated vehicles require efficient and safe planning to maneuver in uncertain environments. Largely this uncertainty is caused by other traffic participants, e.g., surrounding vehicles. Future motion of surrounding vehicles is often difficult to predict. Whereas robust control approaches achieve safe, yet conservative motion planning for automated vehicles, Stochastic Model Predictive control (SMPC) provides efficient planning in the presence of uncertainty. Probabilistic constraints are applied to ensure that the maximal risk remains below a predefined level. However, safety cannot be ensured as probabilistic constraints may be violated, which is not acceptable for automated vehicles. Here, we propose an efficient trajectory planning framework with safety guarantees for automated vehicles. SMPC is applied to obtain efficient vehicle trajectories for a finite horizon. Based on the first optimized SMPC input, a guaranteed safe backup trajectory is planned using reachable sets. This backup is used to overwrite the SMPC input if necessary for safety. Recursive feasibility of the safe SMPC algorithm is proved. Highway simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method regarding performance and safety. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Model predictive control

Trends and Challenges of Sustainable Agriculture in the Iraqi Environment

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Trends and Challenges of Sustainable Agriculture in the Iraq...

Blockchain, Smart Healthcare and Emerging Technologies (SmartBlock4Health), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Hanan Hussein Al-asadi Maria Goga Haider Abdullah Ali Ramona Cristina Popa Awodele Oludele Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Bucharest Romania University of Technology-Iraq Baghdad Iraq UTCB Department for Training of Teaching Personnel Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest Bucharest Romania Madenat Alelem University College Baghdad Iraq Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Bucharest Romania computer science department Babcock University Ogun State Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781665460156

The use of Agriculture Intelligent Systems (AISs) in Iraq has become popular among farmers. The greenhouse is a solution for plant growth, which uses an effective microclimate to simulate seasons and to use alternative energy sources like solar, thermal, and photovoltaic systems for microclimate control. Greenhouses are considered a successful solution with developments and achievements in the technology of this field. However, problems like high costs, difficulties in installation and maintenance, or the need for some procedures should be considered. Because Iraq is close to the equator (3669 km), it receives sufficient solar power. It also has large areas available for the building of solar greenhouse systems. The farmers need an affordable and functional smart greenhouse to enable and encourage them to use the environment efficiently. We intend to develop low-cost, accurate, and easy-to-use greenhouse systems controlled by artificial intelligence algorithms. Farmers will be able to control the greenhouse by using simple commands. Machine learning algorithms provide real-time and effective analysis that could support farmers in decision-making and provide relevant data for researchers and policymakers. AISs algorithms can lead to a sustainable and productive agriculture system. The system can be used in Iraq with sufficient government support and subsidy.

关键词： Smart agriculture Machine learning algorithms Costs Green buildings Soil control systems Agriculture

Actuation attacks on constrained linear systems: a set-theoretic analysis

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 6963-6968页

作者： P.A. Trodden J.M. Maestre H. Ishii Department of Automatic Control & Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Department of Systems and Automation Engineering University of Seville Seville Spain Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohama Japan

This paper considers a constrained discrete-time linear system subject to actuation attacks. The attacks are modelled as false data injections to the system, such that the total input (control input plus injection) satisfies hard input constraints. We establish a sufficient condition under which it is not possible to maintain the states of the system within a compact state constraint set for all possible realizations of the actuation attack. The developed condition is a simple function of the spectral radius of the system, the relative sizes of the input and state constraint sets, and the proportion of the input constraint set allowed to the attacker.

关键词： control problems under conflict or uncertainties Constrained control Robustness

Investigating the origin of optical flares from the TeV blazar S4 0954+65

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Pandey, Ashwani Bachev, Rumen Czerny, Bozena Wiita, Paul J. Gupta, Alok C. Strigachev, Anton Popowicz, Adam Center for Theoretical Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Al.Lotnikov 32/46 WarsawPL-02-668 Poland Institute of Astronomy and NAO Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia1784 Bulgaria Department of Physics The College of New Jersey 2000 Pennington Road EwingNJ08628-0718 United States Manora Peak Nainital263001 India Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Akademicka 16 Gliwice44-100 Poland

Aims. To investigate the extreme variability properties of the TeV blazar S4 0954+65 using optical photometric and polarization observations carried out between 2017–2023 using 3 ground-based telescopes. Methods. We examined an extensive dataset comprised of 138 intraday (observing duration shorter than a day) light curves (LCs) of S4 0954+65 for flux, spectral, and polarization variations on diverse timescales. For the variable LCs, we computed the minimum variability timescales. We investigated flux-flux correlations and colour variations to look for spectral variations on long-term (several weeks to years) timescales. Additionally, we looked for connections between optical R-band flux and polarization degree. Results. We found significant variations in 59 out of 138 intraday LCs. We detected a maximum change of 0.58±0.11 in V-band magnitude within ∼2.64 hr and a corresponding minimum variability timescale of 18.21±4.87 minutes on 2017 March 25. During the course of our observing campaign, the source brightness changed by ∼4 magnitudes in V and R bands;however, we did not find any strong spectral variations. The slope of the relative spectral energy distribution was 1.37±0.04. The degree of polarization varied from ∼ 3% to 39% during our monitoring. We observed a change of ∼120 degrees in polarization angle within ∼3 hr on 2022 April 13. No clear correlation was found between optical flux and the degree of polarization. Conclusions. The results of our optical flux, colour, and polarization study provide hints that turbulence in the relativistic jet could be responsible for the intraday optical variations in the blazar S4 0954+65. However, the long-term flux variations may be caused by changes in the Doppler factor. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polarization

Study of the Influence of Rolling Modes on the Operation of Interconnected Electric Drives of a Rolling Mill

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Study of the Influence of Rolling Modes on the Operation of ...

Advanced Technology (KhPIWeek), IEEE KhPI Week on

作者： Valerii Tytiuk Alexey Kalinin Valeriy Druzhinin Victor Busher Oleksii Chornyi Dmytro Halushko Department of Electromechanics Kryvyi Rih National University Kryvyi Rih Ukraine Department of Informative computer systems Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University NPJSC Karaganda The Republic of Kazakhstan Department of Power Engineering Karaganda Industrial University NPJSC Temirtau The Republic of Kazakhstan Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Electronics National University “Odessa Maritime Academy” Odessa Ukraine Institute of Electromechanics Energy Saving and Automatic Control Systems Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrogradskyi National University Kremenchuk Ukraine Dept. of Electrical Engineering Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro Ukraine

The paper is devoted to study of the influence of rolling modes on the performance of powerful interconnected electric drives of a hot rolling mill under the action of an electromagnetic coupling circuit between the electric drives of the roughing and finishing groups. The action of the electromagnetic coupling circuit manifests itself in the form of the influence of impact loads of synchronous electric drives on the angular velocity of direct current electric drives of the finishing group of the mill. The parameters of the electromagnetic coupling circuit are determined by the power supply scheme and equipment parameters. Values of impact loads applied to a synchronous motor depend on the rolling process parameters, in particular, the chemical composition of the rolled steel and the temperature of the ingot. The paper presents the results of calculating the rolling power for various rolling mode parameters. Using mathematical modeling in Simulink, numerical estimates of the influence of rolling modes on the magnitude of the voltage drop in the power supply unit and the drop in the angular velocity of the electric drive of the finishing group were obtained on the example of a wide-strip hot rolling mill 1700 of ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC.

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Possibility of Using Technologies of Augmented and Virtual Reality for Acquisition Hard and Soft Skills of Electrical Engineering Specialists

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Possibility of Using Technologies of Augmented and Virtual R...

International Conference on Modern Electrical and Energy Systems (MEES)

作者： Olha Chencheva Volodymyr Chenchevoi Andriy Perekrest Yurii Morozov Oksana Zbyrannyk Mykhaylo Lytvynenko Department of Civil and Labour Safety Geodesy and Land Management Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Kremenchuk Ukraine Systems of Automatic Control and Electric Drive department Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Kremenchuk Ukraine Department of computer engineering and electronics Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Kremenchuk Ukraine “MOBIMODS” Sp. z o.o. Kremenchuk Ukraine Department of Economics and Management Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Kremenchuk Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346848

The paper explores the possibilities of using augmented and virtual reality technologies to create distance online courses in order to ensure the acquisition of hard and soft skills of electrical engineering specialists. The use of 3D visualization, animation, sound accompaniment, subtitling in the development and formation of training courses of educational components allows you to fill it with the necessary informational content, immersing the student in a real production environment. The use of augmented reality allows you to adapt the educational process and provide the necessary competencies for the real technological process and equipment.

关键词： Training Electrical engineering Visualization computer aided instruction Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Psychology

Simultaneous tactile exploration and grasp refinement for unknown objects

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arXiv 2021年

作者： de Farias, Cristiana Marturi, Naresh Stolkin, Rustam Bekiroglu, Yasemin The Extreme Robotics Laboratory School of Metallurgy and Materials University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Chalmers University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control research group Sweden University College London Department of Computer Science Centre for Artificial Intelligence United Kingdom

This paper addresses the problem of simultaneously exploring an unknown object to model its shape, using tactile sensors on robotic fingers, while also improving finger placement to optimise grasp stability. In many situations, a robot will have only a partial camera view of the near side of an observed object, for which the far side remains occluded. We show how an initial grasp attempt, based on an initial guess of the overall object shape, yields tactile glances of the far side of the object which enable the shape estimate and consequently the successive grasps to be improved. We propose a grasp exploration approach using a probabilistic representation of shape, based on Gaussian Process Implicit Surfaces. This representation enables initial partial vision data to be augmented with additional data from successive tactile glances. This is combined with a probabilistic estimate of grasp quality to refine grasp configurations. When choosing the next set of finger placements, a bi-objective optimisation method is used to mutually maximise grasp quality and improve shape representation during successive grasp attempts. Experimental results show that the proposed approach yields stable grasp configurations more efficiently than a baseline method, while also yielding improved shape estimate of the grasped object. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning