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Development and application of MCAL tools for marine radar instruction

computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 259-259页

作者： Guirguis, S. Korany, E. Abdel-Bary, A. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Shawkat K. Guirguis:obtained the BSc and M.Sc. degrees in Computer Science and Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In 1988 he obtained a PhD degree in Electronics and Communications Faculty of Engineering Cairo University co-supervised by the Imperial College of Science and Technology University of London where he spent two years as an academic visitor. His current research interests include software quality management multimedia automatic programming and decision support systems. He is currently a lecturer of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. Ezzat A. Korany:received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering (Electronics Section) from the University of Alexandria Egypt in 1971 the MS degree in Electrical Engineering (Computer Section) from Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt in 1977 and the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Digital Systems) from Florida Institute of Technology U.S.A. in 1982. He is currently an associate professor of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research University of Alexandria. His research interests are in data communications and multimedia applications computer networks image processing and pattern recognition. Abdel-Latif A. Abdel-Bary:obtained the BEng degree in Electronics Technology from Arab Maritime Transport Academy in 1986. In 1995 he obtained the MSc degree in Information Technology from the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. His current research interests include ICAL hypermedia and automatic programming.

In this article a multimedia computer-assisted learning (MCAL) system is presented. The major objective of this work was to investigate the potential of using such systems as tools for transferring instructional course information through various types of computer media as opposed to the classic CAL systems. The philosophy and techniques employed to design the system are investigated. Usage of the implemented system and its merits have been illustrated through its application to teach engineering students and technicians the theory and concepts of marine radar. System design, implementation, test, and revision phases are presented and discussed.

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Visual guidance of an autonomous vehicle in natural environments based on reflexive control

Visual guidance of an autonomous vehicle in natural environm...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： J. Fernandez A.B. Martinez J. Frau Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Department Universitat Poliltècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Electronics Technology Section Universitat de les Illes Balears Palma de Mallorca Spain

Autonomous navigation in outdoor environments is a complex task that until today is realized with high cost systems. This paper presents a system for autonomous navigation in weakly structured and outdoor environments like mountain ways. The main goals are to design a robust, cheap and fast system. The proposed solution constructs a simple scene description by region segmentation and analysis of the region variation in a sequence of color images. Then, reflexive planning calculates a locally optimal travel direction from the available information.

关键词： Navigation Remotely operated vehicles Mobile robots Costs Robustness Layout Image segmentation Image analysis Image color analysis Image sequence analysis

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USING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS IN THE DESIGN OF SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 91-106页

作者： JONS, OP RYAN, JC JONES, GW Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hanover W. Germany and an MS in naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship system integration as manager LHA ship systems engineering department. From 1972 to 1974 he was the principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1974 as technical director he helped establish the Crystal City office of Designers and Planners. Mr. Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he serves as corporate vice president engineering. J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelors and masters degrees in naval architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the advanced marine technology division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. He subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for twelve years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the Technical Director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the director of the future ship concepts division. Gary W. Jones:graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1971 with a BS in mechanical engineering and followed up with graduate work at George Washington University and the University of Maryland. Mr. Jones was with the Naval Sea Systems Command from 1971 until 1988 where he was a naval architect in the submarine section of the hull form design division. In 1988 he was detailed to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) where he became the program manager for the advanced submarine technology program's hydrodynamic hydroac

A major contributor to the expense and length of time to design, build, and test new systems has been the need to build and test hardware prototypes to determine their effectiveness in meeting operational requirements. Recent and dramatic advances in computer simulation technologies hold forth the promise of revolutionizing design and acquisition strategies by providing the means to validate end users' requirements prior to hardware construction. By designing and operationally testing virtual prototypes in a virtual environment, these technologies will soon offer naval architects the ability to build and launch ships in computer-based cyberspace in lieu of the shipbuilder's ways. The authors of this paper provide the background for these developments, explore the significance and ramifications of these technologies to the current process of ship and system design, outline challenges lying ahead, and present their vision and recommendations for future development.

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SHIPBOARD DAMAGED STABILITY ASSESSMENT - THE FLOODING CASUALTY control SOFTWARE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 152-166页

作者： ZAHN, PB ROSBOROUGH, J CARLSTROM, R Peter B. Zahn:is a section chief in the Naval Architecture Department at Advanced Marine Enterprises. He is responsible for software development and special trials support. He has led the Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) development effort since joining AME in 1989. He is also responsible for the material handling strikedown and stowage (MHS&S) software development program as well as special trials support for the ACVLAP and T-AGOS 19 programs. Prior to joining AME Mr. Zahn spent nine years with various companies of the ARCTEC Group. His experience includes field trials in venues from the Caribbean to the Bering Sea as well as model tests and engineering design and development efforts. Mr. Zahn received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from Webb Institute in 1980 and has published various papers on pollution prevention offshore systems and icebreaker design and performance. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. John Rosborough:has been a naval architect for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) for the past 15 years. He is currently assigned to the Hydrodynamics Division with responsibility for aircraft carrier stability evaluations and as a task leader for computer-aided ship design development. In the Stability Division he was previously responsible for stability analyses on various amphibious ships SWATHs and foreign ships. He manages the upgrade and augmentation of SHCP at NavSea and is the Navy's technical point of contact for evaluating shipboard stability software and transitioning technology to the fleet. Mr. Rosborough received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan in 1977. He is a member of USNI and the Association of Scientists and Engineers at NavSea. Richard Carlstrom:is a naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises. He has been responsible for software development in support of a variety of major programs including FCCS and SHCP and is a specialist in stability evaluations for complex ships such as CVs CVNs

The Flooding Casualty control Software (FCCS) was developed under the auspices of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) and is currently being deployed on a variety of ships in the neets of both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Coast Guard. The primary objective of FCCS is to enable damage control personnel to identify critical stability conditions, especially when related to the loss of reserve buoyancy due to battle damage and the destabilizing effects of large quantities of firefighting water, in a timely manner. FCCS was initially deploved in 1990. It utilizes the standard algorithms of the Ship Hull Characteristics Program (SHCP). The user interface was designed to allow quick familiarity for shipboard users, primarily the damage control assistant (DCA) and his staff. Intact stability evaluations include the effects of topside icing, high winds, personnel crowding, heavy lifts over the side, high speed turns, and towing. FCCS also supports ballasting analysis for amphibious ships as well as providing bottom reaction and beached stability data for grounding incidents. Bv providing a tool for the ''fuel king'' and DCA to generate the required daily updates on the current ship load and liquids status, FCCS is assured of an accurate baseline in the event of damage. The design allows the evaluation of the ultimate ship stability status for a damage event using simple compartmentation and flooding status inputs. Evaluation of the adequacy of resulting stabilitv, as well as identification of such critical stability parameters as off center loading, margin line immersion, and negative GM, are accomplished by the program. Guidance is provided for the user to initiate appropriate flooding related damage control activities. Initially fitted on USS Oliver Hazard Perry Class frigates, FCCS databases have been for the USCG Hamilton class high endurance cutters, USS Arleigh Burke class Aegis destroyers, and a variety of other U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard ship classes. The progra

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computer-SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS FOR FUTURE COMBAT SYSTEMS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 43-62页

作者： ZITZMAN, LH FALATKO, SM PAPACH, JL Dr. Lewis H. Zitzman:is the group supervisor of the Advanced Systems Design Group Fleet Systems Department The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). He has been employed at JHU/APL since 1972 performing applied research in computer science and in investigating and applying advanced computer technologies to Navy shipboard systems. He is currently chairman of Aegis Computer Architecture Data Bus and Fiber Optics Working Group from which many concepts for this paper were generated. Dr. Zitzman received his B.S. degree in physics from Brigham Young University in 1963 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Illinois in 1967 and 1972 respectively. Stephen M. Falatko:was a senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated for the majority of this effort. He is currently employed at ManTech Services Corporation. During his eight-year career first at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and currently with ManTech Mr. Falatko's work has centered around the development of requirements and specifications for future Navy systems and the application of advanced technology to Navy command and control systems. He is a member of both the Computer Architecture Fiber Optics and Data Bus Working Group and the Aegis Fiber Optics Working Group. Mr. Falatko received his B.S. degree in aerospace engineering with high distinction from the University of Virginia in 1982 and his M.S. degree in applied physics from The Johns Hopkins University in 1985. Mr. Falatko is a member of Tau Beta Pi Sigma Gamma Tau the American Society of Naval Engineers and the U.S. Naval Institute. Janet L. Papach:is a section leader and senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated. She has ten years' experience as an analyst supporting NavSea Spa War and the U.S. Department of State. She currently participates in working group efforts under Aegis Combat System Doctrin

This paper sets forth computer systems architecture concepts for the combat system of the 2010–2030 timeframe that satisfy the needs of the next generation of surface combatants. It builds upon the current Aegis computer systems architecture, expanding that architecture while preserving, and adhering to, the Aegis fundamental principle of thorough systems engineering, dedicated to maintaining a well integrated, highly reliable, and easily operable combat system. The implementation of these proposed computer systems concepts in a coherent architecture would support the future battle force capable combat system and allow the expansion necessary to accommodate evolutionary changes in both the threat environment and the technology then available to effectively counter that threat. Changes to the current Aegis computer architecture must be carefully and effectively managed such that the fleet will retain its combat readiness capability at all times. This paper describes a possible transition approach for evolving the current Aegis computer architecture to a general architecture for the future. The proposed computer systems architecture concepts encompass the use of combinations of physically distributed, microprocessor-based computers, collocated with the equipment they support or embedded within the equipment itself. They draw heavily on widely used and available industry standards, including instruction set architectures (ISAs), backplane busses, microprocessors, computer programming languages and development environments, and local area networks (LANs). In this proposal, LANs, based on fiber optics, will provide the interconnection to support system expandability, redundancy, and higher data throughput rates. A system of cross connected LANs will support a high level of combat system integration, spanning the major warfare areas, and will facilitate the coordination and development of a coherent multi-warfare tactical picture supporting the future combatant command st

关键词： computer Architecture

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An integrated AI environment for industrial expert systems

An integrated AI environment for industrial expert systems

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IEEE Proceedings of the International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Industrial Applications

作者： S. Kawakita M. Saito Y. Hoshino Y. Bandai Y. Kobayashi Computer Control Development Section Heavy Apparatus Engineering Laboratory Toshiba Fuchu Works Toshiba Corporation Fuchu Tokyo Japan

An integrated artificial intelligence environment for industrial expert systems geared toward practical operations is introduced. In terms of hardware, the AI environment comprises a process computer, an AI processor based on the RISC architecture with hardware extensions for AI languages, and an engineering workstation. Each component plays its part in close cooperation with the whole system. The end results is an ideal AI environment. In terms of software, a compiler-oriented approach is taken for both the expert system development tool and Lisp system. This allows high-speed inference with only a small memory requirement at run time. Performance estimation has revealed that the AI environment provides a sevenfold increase in execution speed over a process computer alone.< >

关键词： Artificial intelligence Expert systems Hardware Application software Electrical equipment industry Workstations Prototypes control systems computer industry Industrial control

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NTDS - A PAGE IN NAVAL HISTORY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 53-61页

作者： SWENSON, EN MAHINSKE, EB STOUTENBURGH, JS Capt. Erick N. Swenson USNR (Ret.):is a project manager for special projects in the Surface Ship Systems Division Hughes Aircraft Company Fullerton Calif where he has been employed since his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1975. Originally trained as an electronics technician during WWII in the Captain Eddy program he later received a BS degree in electrical engineering from the University of Rochester Rochester N. Y. in 1950. Subsequent engineering education was received at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Penn. and the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif. After commissioning he was ordered to duty as the electronics division officer on the USSMissouri(BB-63) and electronics ships superintendent at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard San Francisco Calif. When the design of the Naval Tactical Data System began in the mid-1950s Lt. (j.g.) Swenson was ordered to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. as the junior engineering duty only officer assigned to the project. From 1962 to 1965 LCdr. Swenson was assigned as the BuShips technical representative on the program at Remington Rand Univac St. Paul Minn. For the next ten years he returned to BuShips/NavSea/NAVSEC as the NTDS project officer. During this time the project expanded considerably foreign military sales were heavily involved and interoperability with other services and countries were established. His final effort on active duty was to instigate the redesign of the previousSpruanceclass destroyers into the newerAdmiral Kiddclass improvement program. He is a registered professional electrical engineer in the State of California listed inWho's Who in the Worldis a life member of ASNE and chairman of the Long Beach/Greater LA Section. Capt. Edmund B. Mahinske USN (Ret.):is an alumnus of the U.S. Naval Academy the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Harvard Business School. His technical background is in electronics and he specialized in the management of programs involving the application of comp

A little over thirty years ago, a group of naval engineers were assembled by the Bureau of Ships to develop a new system approach to the combat information center (CIC). The CIC of World War II, with its “grease pencil” plots and voice telling of tactical information from sensors and other ships, could no longer provide the timely, coordinated reaction to postwar threats. This project group led the Navy into the new world of large-scale, high-speed digital electronics and into a new mode of conducting naval warfare as well. There were no off-the-shelf computers of the requisite capability, size and reliability; what were available were monstrous vacuum tube computers. There were no display equipments that were “conversant” in both the digital language of the computer and the analog language of the sensors and the weapon systems. Who ever heard, at that time, of a computer running a tactical communication net automatically? It was hard enough to find sufficient numbers of engineers who knew what a digital computer was. This paper, by three naval engineers in the implementing engineering office, depicts the evolvement of the Naval Tactical Data Systems (NTDS) as they saw it. It discusses the problems that stemmed from the transition from the old world of analog into the new digital world, the system concepts that steered the development; the key decisions that were made; new electronic equipment and processes that became necessary; and the need of the mangagement to face the real world of deadlines, ship schedules and operational requirements.

关键词： NAVAL WARFARE

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DOCTRINAL AUTOMATION IN NAVAL COMBAT SYSTEMS - THE EXPERIENCE AND THE FUTURE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 74-79页

作者： GERSH, JR The authoris a principal staff engineer at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory where he supervises the AAW Operations Section of the Combat Direction Group. Since joining JHU/APL in 1980 he has been involved in the specification development and testing of advanced surface combat direction systems specializing in the application of rule-based control mechanisms to command and control problems. In 1985-86 he chaired the Doctrine Working Group of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Combat Direction System Engineering Committee. Mr. Gersh served in the U.S. Navy from 1968 to 1977 as a sonar technician and as a junior officer (engineering and gunnery) aboard Atlantic Fleet frigates and as a member of the U.S. Naval Academy's Electrical Engineering faculty. He was educated at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology receiving S. B. S. M. and E. E. degrees in electrical engineering from the latter. He holds certificates as a commercial pilot and flight instructor and is a member of the U.S. Naval Institute the IEEE Computer Society and the American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

For the last four years the most advanced surface combat direction system (CDS) of the U.S. Navy has employed a limited knowledge-based control mechanism. Implemented in the Aegis Weapon System's command and decision element, this capability is called control by doctrine, and is a foundation for the Ticonderoga class cruisers' exceptional performance. control by doctrine allows CIC personnel to direct that certain CDS functions be performed automatically upon tracks with specified characteristics. In effect, these CDS functions, from identification to engagement, can now be controlled through the specification and activation of general system response rules rather than by individual operator actions. The set of active rules, called doctrine statements, forms a system knowledge-base. The Advanced Combat Direction System, Block 1, successor to today's Naval Tactical Data System, will also employ control by doctrine. As part of a larger effort investigating Aegis/ACDS commonality issues, a Doctrine Working Group was chartered to consider, among other things, implications for force-wide interoperability of multiple systems with such rule-based control mechanisms. The working group produced a set of design objectives for doctrine statement standardization across CDSs. Principal features of these objectives are described. The prospect of several such ships operating together in a battle group has raised questions as to the methods by which the actions of ships with those doctrinally-automated systems can best be coordinated. Related questions deal with specific design features for the support of such coordinated action. Work is now being carried out to investigate these questions. Combat system automation through doctrine statements is only one kind of rule-based control. Much work in the area of artificial intelligence deals with the use and maintenance of complex systems of rules, usually in non-real-time problem solving applications. Such systems are just now beginning

关键词： WARSHIPS

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MASTER ORDNANCE REPAIR APPLIED - STANDARD ITEM 009-67

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1986年第3期98卷 35-42页

作者： STIMSON, WA MARSH, MT UTTICH, RM William A. Stimsonreceived his B.S. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at El Paso in 1964 and his M.S. degree in engineering from the University of Santa Clara in 1971. He served in the U.S. Army Artillery during the Korean Conflict and subsequently was employed at IBM Huntsville Alabama until 1968 where he worked in the design of automatic control systems of the Saturn vehicle. From 1968 until 1971 he was employed at Ames Research Center Moffett Field in the design of nonlinear control systems for sounding rockets and pencil-shaped spacecraft. Following this Mr. Stimson worked at Hewlett Packard Sunnyvale California as a test engineer in automatic test systems. Since 1973 Mr. Stimson has been employed at the Naval Ship Weapon Systems Engineering Station Port Hueneme. He was a ship qualification trials project supervisor for many years and is now serving as master ordnance repair deputy program manager. Mr. Stimson is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and is program chairman of the Channel Islands Section. Cdr. Michael T. Marsh USNreceived a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Nebraska and was commissioned via the NESEP program in 1970. He holds an M.S. in computer science from the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School and an MBA from the State University of New York. Cdr. Marsh has served in the weapons department of USSFrancis Hammond (FF-1067) and of USSJohn S. McCain (DDG-36). He was weapons officer aboard USSSampson (DDG-10). As an engineering duty officer Cdr. Marsh was the technical design officer for PMS-399 at the FFG-7 Class Combat System Test Center from 1978 to 1982. He is presently combat system officer at SupShip Jacksonville and has been active in the MOR program since its inception. Cdr. Marsh is also the vice chairman of the Jacksonville Section of ASNE. LCdr. Richard M. Uttich USNholds B.S. and M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering from Stanford University. He enlisted in the Navy in 1965 serving as an electronics technician aboard USSNereus (A

The 600-ship United States Navy offers private shipyards an unprecedented opportunity for overhaul of surface combatants with complex combat systems. Recognizing the new challenge associated with the overhaul of high technology combat systems in the private sector, the Navy in 1983 established the master ordnance repair (MOR) program. This program, a joint effort of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Shipbuilders Council of America (SCA), was designed to identify and qualify those companies and private shipyards technically capable of managing combat systems work and conducting combat system testing. Standard Item 009–67 describes the role of the MOR company in combat system overhaul. It defines terms that are important to understanding the item itself, and imposes upon the prime contractor an obligation to utilize the MOR subcontractor in a managerial capacity. Specific tasks are assigned to the MOR company in planning, production, and testing. Finally, this standard item describes to the Navy planner how to estimate the size of the MOR team appropriate to the work package, a feature that will ensure that combat system bids are tailored to a specific availability.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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FUNDAMENTALS OF NAVAL SURFACE SHIP WEIGHT ESTIMATING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 127-143页

作者： STRAUBINGER, EK CURRAN, WC FIGHERA, VL Mr. Erwin K. Straubinger:is currently Head of the Weight Division(SEA 55 W2)of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He graduated from the University of California School of Architecture at Berkeley in 1953. Mr. Straubinger began his career with the U.S. Navyin 1959 as a Naval Architect (Stability) in the Scientific Section of the Design Division at Long Beach Naval Shipyard and transferred to BUSHIPS Weight Branch in 1962. Achieving his present position in June 1980 Mr. Straubinger was previously Head of the Special Projects Section SEA 55W21 being responsible for formulation and development of weight control policies and procedures as well as coordination of the overall U.S. NavyWeight Control Program for detail design and construction. Before obtaining that position in 1968 he worked in the Special Projects Section on a variety of weight control matters including specifications contractual weight control language estimating techniques computer applications reporting procedures and evaluation of the Weight Control Program. Mr. Straubinger is a member of ASNE SNAME ASE and the Society of Allied Weight Engineers (SAWE) in which he serves as a member of the Government/Industry Panel for marine vehicles. Mr. William J. Cumin:is currently a task leader for surface combatant ships in the Weight Division (SEA 55W2) of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He began his career with the U.S. Navyin 1966 as a naval architect trainee at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard while participating in Drexel University's cooperative education program. Upon graduation from the D.U. School of Engineering Mr. Curran accepted a position in the Scientific Branch of the Shipyard. Some of his responsibilities during this period included the development of modernization weight estimates inclining experiments and trim dives. In 1976 Mr. Curran transferred to the Surface Combatant Ship Logistic Division in NAVSEA where he worked for two years in the Destroyer Engineered Operating Cycle maintenance program. Since 1978 he has held his presen

This paper descirbes how ship weights are estimated. Detail is presented concerning relationships between existing weight data and the characteristics of a new design as it develops from completion of feasibility design through contract design. Margin requirements are also discussed. The weight estimating ratios and factors presented, while not directly associated with a specific ship type, cover the weight classification groups one would use in the design of a surface combatant. The purpose of this paper is to present the fundamentals of weight estimating to the ship design community. With this knowledge, ship design engineers and managers should be able to personally identify with the important parts they all play in creation of a credible weight estimate.

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