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Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Applications

IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第4期12卷 350-357页

作者： Paul, Liton Chandra Majumder, Akash Rani, Tithi Hossain, Md. Najmul Rahim, Md. Abdur Shin, Jungpil Yun, Keun Soo Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna6600 Bangladesh School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu / Fukushima Aizuwakamatsu965-8580 Japan School of Computer and Information Technology Ulsan College / Dong-gu Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of

An ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted compact Vivaldi antenna with a microstrip line feed was evaluated for microwave imaging (MI) applications. The recommended FR4 substrate-based Vivaldi antenna is 50×50×1.5 mm3 in size. The proposed compact Vivaldi antenna showed good radiation characteristics and spanned an ultra-wide bandwidth of 10 GHz, ranging from 3.6 to 13.6 GHz, using a microstrip line feed with a radial stub, tapered slots, and resonant cavities. After analyzing the simulation findings, the proposed compact slotted UWB Vivaldi antenna was compared with the basic Vivaldi antenna. The maximum gain and efficiency were 7.35 dB and 82%, respectively. The antenna was simulated in the time domain using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. The frequency domain solver was also used for cross-validation, and the results were equally good. In conclusion, the proposed compact Vivaldi antenna is a good option for microwave imaging applications. © 2023 The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers.

关键词： Cavity resonators

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Two-Dimensional Golay Complementary Array Sets with Arbitrary Lengths for Omnidirectional MIMO Transmission

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2024年第2期72卷 1135-1145页

作者： Zhao, You-Qi Pai, Cheng-Yu Huang, Zhen-Ming Liu, Zilong Chen, Chao-Yu National Cheng Kung University Department of Engineering Science Tainan701 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Department of Engineering Science and the Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering Tainan701 Taiwan University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering ColchesterCO4 3SQ United Kingdom National Cheng Kung University Department of Electrical Engineering and the Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering Tainan701 Taiwan

This paper presents a coding approach for achieving omnidirectional transmission of certain common signals in massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) networks such that the received power at any direction in a cell remains constant for any given distance. Specifically, two-dimensional (2D) Golay complementary array set (GCAS) can be used to design the massive MIMO precoding matrix so as to achieve omnidirectional transmission due to its complementary autocorrelation property. In this paper, novel constructions of new 2D GCASs with arbitrary array lengths are proposed. Our key idea is to carefully truncate the columns of certain larger arrays generated by 2D generalized Boolean functions. Finally, the power radiation patterns and numerical results are provided to verify the omnidirectional property of the GCAS-based precoding. The error performances of the proposed precoding scheme are presented to validate its superiority over the existing alternatives. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Peak to average power ratio

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Reconstruction Attacks in Template-Based ECG Biometric Recognition Systems

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年第8期11卷 14971-14984页

作者： Lee, Song-Hong Nien, Cing-Ping Wu, Shun-Chi Swindlehurst, A. Lee National Tsing Hua University Department of Engineering and System Science Hsinchu30013 Taiwan University of California Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science IrvineCA92697 United States

The success of Internet of Things (IoT) services will be determined by how the security of the IoT devices and the networks to which they are connected can be guaranteed. Integrating biometric recognition technology into IoT systems has gained popularity as a means of accomplishing this objective. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have become a promising biometric tool for security because their intrinsic and dynamic nature makes them difficult to steal and forge for replay attacks. However, as with other biometric-based security approaches, attacks on ECG biometric systems have been developed. This study examines the vulnerability of template-based ECG biometric systems to reconstruction attacks. These attacks involve exposing the biometric templates of registered subjects in a hacked database and attempting to reconstruct their ECGs to spoof the system. Both deep learning models and 'heuristic' approaches are used to perform this task, depending on the intruder's level of knowledge of the template construction. Several reconstruction attack strategies are proposed and evaluated for fiducial- and PCA-based systems using ECGs from the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt database of 285 subjects. The experimental results demonstrate a reconstruction similarity of at least 0.93 and an increase in the false-positive identification-error rate of more than 73%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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TECMH:Transformer-Based Cross-Modal Hashing For Fine-Grained Image-Text Retrieval

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3713-3728页

作者： Qiqi Li Longfei Ma Zheng Jiang Mingyong Li Bo Jin College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China Institute of Systems and Robotics(ISR) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering(DEEC)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

In recent years,cross-modal hash retrieval has become a popular research field because of its advantages of high efficiency and low ***-modal retrieval technology can be applied to search engines,crossmodalmedical processing,*** existing main method is to use amulti-label matching paradigm to finish the retrieval ***,such methods do not use fine-grained information in the multi-modal data,which may lead to suboptimal *** avoid cross-modal matching turning into label matching,this paper proposes an end-to-end fine-grained cross-modal hash retrieval method,which can focus more on the fine-grained semantic information of multi-modal ***,the method refines the image features and no longer uses multiple labels to represent text features but uses BERT for ***,this method uses the inference capabilities of the transformer encoder to generate global fine-grained ***,in order to better judge the effect of the fine-grained model,this paper uses the datasets in the image text matching field instead of the traditional label-matching *** article experiment on Microsoft COCO(MS-COCO)and Flickr30K datasets and compare it with the previous *** experimental results show that this method can obtain more advanced results in the cross-modal hash retrieval field.

关键词： Deep learning cross-modal retrieval hash learning transformer

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Blockchain-Enhanced Security for LEO Satellite Firmware Updates in Beyond-5G NTN Networks 29

Blockchain-Enhanced Security for LEO Satellite Firmware Upda...

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29th IEEE International Workshop on computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks, CAMAD 2024

作者： Worku, Yonatan M. Tshakwanda, Petro M. Tsegaye, Henok B. Christodoulou, Christos Devetsikiotis, Michael Sacchi, Claudio University of New Mexico Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States University of Trento Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377644

The integration of terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) represents a significant advancement in communication technology in the framework of the ongoing beyond-5G standardization process. This integration offers broader coverage, especially in remote and underserved areas, and improved reliability through diversified network paths. Additionally, it paves the way for new services and applications that benefit from ubiquitous connectivity. To achieve enhanced Quality of Service (QoS) and Service Level Agreements (SLAs), the end-to-end network should be open and visible to service providers and users. However, such a clear-mode approach introduces various security threats, making the network susceptible to unauthorized access and service disruption. To address these challenges, a blockchain-based satellite firmware update strategy across terrestrial 5G core and access networks is proposed. This study explores the tradeoff between throughput and QoS in the 5G NTN network when blockchain is implemented. Our experimental setup involved a network of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites integrated with a 5G core, deploying a blockchain-based authentication mechanisms to secure satellite communications. The results show a tangible improvement in authentication efficiency, despite a throughput degradation of around 10 % and a latency increase of 17 % from the baseline values obtained without blockchain security. This tradeoff highlights the cost of enhanced security counter-measures in terms of network performance. Nonetheless, the security benefits, measured through successful authentication attempts, fully justify blockchain integration in scenarios where security is paramount. The proposed approach promises to secure communications in '5G and beyond' NTN hybrid environments by ensuring integrity and confidentiality to the traffic flows. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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Advanced Schedulability Testing for Adaptive Mixed-Criticality Systems under Weakly Hard Real-Time Constraints 5

Advanced Schedulability Testing for Adaptive Mixed-Criticali...

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5th CPSSI International Symposium on Cyber-Physical Systems (Applications and Theory), CPSAT 2024

作者： Rabbiun, Hossein Mohammadi, Jamal Shirazi, Mahmoud Kargahi, Mehdi Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Zanjan Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529284

This paper advances the schedulability analysis of the Adaptive Mixed-Criticality for Weakly Hard Real-Time Systems (AMC-WH) which allows a specified number of consecutive low-criticality (LO) jobs of tasks to be skipped when the system operates in the high-criticality (HI) mode. The current AMC-WH schedulability test, based on the skip-over model, in which low tasks are guaranteed to meet m-s out of m consecutive deadlines, where s is the number of allowed skips and m is the cycle length, only calculates the worst-case response times (WCRT) for low tasks under a fixed execution pattern post-mode switch. To address this limitation, we propose a new sufficient schedulability test for AMC-WH using the (m,k)-firm model, which allows various execution patterns for low tasks after a mode switch, enhancing the flexibility and applicability. Additionally, we develop an exact schedulability test for AMC-WH based on response time analysis (RTA). This test modifies the existing exact tests for the AMC algorithm, incorporating updates to state-space exploration and pruning rules to account for low task execution after a mode switch. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our tests, demonstrating enhanced schedulability analysis and optimized resource allocation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Space research

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Fault Detection and Diagnostics of Air Handling Unit in Hospital Building Using Machine Learning 15

Fault Detection and Diagnostics of Air Handling Unit in Hosp...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Islam, Md. Mazharul Ahmed, Mubasshir Khan, Niaz Ashraf North South University Electrical and Computer Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) in Air Handling Units (AHUs) are vital for ensuring optimal indoor air quality and operational efficiency in hospital buildings. AHUs play a critical role in regulating temperature and humidity, which directly impacts patient care and staff comfort. Effective FDD can prevent system malfunctions that lead to increased energy consumption, higher operational costs, and potential health risks due to poor air quality. This study explores the application of machine learning techniques for FDD in hospital HVAC systems. Utilizing comprehensive datasets from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), we focused on various classifiers, including Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbors, which achieved accuracies of 99.85% and 99.77%, respectively, in fault identification. These models demonstrated exceptional precision, highlighting their suitability for complex environments where accurate diagnostics are essential. Our findings emphasize the importance of integrating machine learning into building management systems. By enabling early fault detection, these advanced models significantly reduce operational costs and enhance system reliability. This approach not only improves indoor air quality but also supports sustainable healthcare environments by minimizing energy waste. The research contributes to the development of smarter, more efficient building management solutions, paving the way for real-world applications of data-driven FDD methods. The insights gained provide a strong foundation for future implementations, promoting safer and more sustainable healthcare facilities through enhanced HVAC system performance and fault management. This study underscores the potential of machine learning in revolutionizing building management and improving the overall hospital environment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Air handling units ahus Building management systems Fault detection and diagnostics Hospital building Machine learning Real time monitoring

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Optimized Temporary Frequency Support for Wind Power Plants Considering Expanded Operational Region of Wind Turbines

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 51-64页

作者： Zhengyang Hu Bingtuan Gao Zhao Xu Sufan Jiang School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996 USA

Wind power plants(WPPs)are increasingly mandated to provide temporary frequency support to power systems during contingencies involving significant power ***,the frequency support capabilities of WPPs under derated operations remain insufficiently investigated,highlighting the potential for further improvement of the frequency *** paper proposes a bi-level optimized temporary frequency support(OTFS)strategy for a *** implementation of the OTFS strategy is collaboratively accomplished by individual wind turbine(WT)controllers and the central WPP ***,to exploit the frequency support capability of WTs,the stable operational region of WTs is expanded by developing a novel dynamic power control approach in WT *** approach synergizes the WTs'temporary frequency support with the secondary frequency control of synchronous generators,enabling WTs to release more kinetic energy without causing a secondary frequency ***,a model predictive control strategy is developed for the WPP *** strategy ensures that multiple WTs operating within the expanded stable region are coordinated to minimize the magnitude of the frequency drop through efficient kinetic energy ***,comprehensive case studies are conducted on a real-time simulation platform to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Active power control model predictive control optimized temporary frequency support wind power plant wind turbine

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High-Throughput Independent Component Analysis Processor for Full Duplex Systems

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2023年第9期41卷 2821-2832页

作者： Cheng, Jen-Hao Chang, Tien-Min Shen, Chung-An Fouda, Mohammed E. Eltawil, Ahmed M. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Taipei10607 Taiwan University of California at Irvine Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department IrvineCA92697 United States King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

This paper presents the algorithm and very-large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture of a high-throughput and highly efficient independent component analysis (ICA) processor for self-interference cancellation (SIC) in in-band full-duplex (IBFD) systems. This is the first VLSI architecture reported in the literature based on the state-of-the-art entropy bound minimization (EBM) approach. A novel ICA algorithm is presented in this paper with momentum gradient descent optimization. Simulation results show that the number of iterations for the proposed algorithm is significantly reduced compared to the conventional ICA algorithms. Furthermore, a novel early-distribution estimation scheme is proposed in the designed ICA processor to compute multiple distribution functions with low latency and low complexity. The processing flow and the efficiency for the hardware utilization are specifically designed so that the processing speed is maximized with minimum employment of hardware components. The proposed ICA processor is designed and implemented based on the application-specific-integrated circuit (ASIC) flow. The post-layout estimations show that compared with the conventional EBM-based scheme, the proposed design improves the throughput and efficiency by 30x. In addition, compared to prior designs shown in the literature, the proposed ICA processor also demonstrates a significant enhancement in terms of throughput and efficiency. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： VLSI circuits

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A feature selection-aided deep learning based deepfake video detection method

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-24页

作者： Mohiuddin, Sk Roy, Ayush Pani, Saptarshi Malakar, Samir Sarkar, Ram Department of Computer Science Asutosh College Kolkata700026 India Department of Electrical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India Department of Computer Science UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø9019 Norway Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India

The rapid advancements in deepfake technology are imposing significant challenges in detecting manipulated media contents. In this work, we have introduced a deepfake detection method that utilizes three pre-trained convolutional neural network models, namely DenseNet-121, EfficientNet-B0, and Xception to extract deep learning features from preprocessed extracted video frames. Next, these features are stacked to generate diverse feature representations, and thus end up with high-dimensional features. After that, a feature selection strategy is employed on the combined features to eliminate redundant and less effective features. The selected features are then fed into the K-nearest neighbors classifier to decide whether a questioned video is a fake video or not. Two widely used deepfake video datasets, namely FaceForensics++ and Celeb-DF (V2) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique following two experimental setups: intra- and inter-datasets. The results show that the model achieves area under curve scores of 98.50% (85.70%) and 97.70% (79.00%) in the intra-dataset (inter-dataset) setups while trained on the FaceForensics++ and Celeb-DF (V2) datasets, respectively. The performance of the proposed model is comparable to that of state-of-the-art methods. Source code of the proposed method can be found at: here. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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