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View-Aware Image Object Compositing and Synthesis from Multiple Sources

Journal of computer Science & Technology 2016年第3期31卷 463-478页

作者： Xiang Chen Wei-Wei Xu Sai-Kit Yeung Kun Zhou State Key Laboratory of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Vision Graphics and Computational Design Group Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore

Image compositing is widely used to combine visual elements from separate source images into a single image. Although recent image compositing techniques are capable of achieving smooth blending of the visual elements from different sources, most of them implicitly assume the source images are taken in the same viewpoint. In this paper, we present an approach to compositing novel image objects from multiple source images which have different viewpoints. Our key idea is to construct 3D proxies for meaningful components of the source image objects, and use these 3D component proxies to warp and seamlessly merge components together in the same viewpoint. To realize this idea, we introduce a coordinate- frame based single-view camera calibration algorithm to handle general types of image objects, a structure-aware cuboid optimization algorithm to get the cuboid proxies for image object components with correct structure relationship, and finally a 3D-proxy transformation guided image warping algorithm to stitch object components. We further describe a novel application based on this compositing approach to automatically synthesize a large number of image objects from a set of exemplars. Experimental results show that our compositing approach can be applied to a variety of image objects, such as chairs, cups, lamps, and robots, and the synthesis application can create novel image objects with significant shape and style variations from a small set of exemplars.

关键词： image cloning 3D proxy probabilistic modeling data-driven method

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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CAD CAM MANUFACTURING OF PROTOTYPE SHIPBOARD COMPONENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 93-99页

作者： CALVERT, TE RODRIGUEZ, FA SLEBZAK, JS Thomas E. Calvert P.E.: is a senior project engineer with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center Annapolis Md. His interests include application of computers to all aspects of engineering with particular emphasis on utilization of small computers. Mr. Calvert is a licensed professional engineer in Maryland. He received a BSEE from Drexel University in 1969 and since that time has completed a number of graduate courses related to machinery acoustics. Francisco A. Rodriguez:is an engineer with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center. He was formerly with the Computer-Aided Design/Interactive Graphics Group of the Division of Engineering and Weapons U.S. Naval Academy. His interests include interfacing the computer aided design to the computer aided manufacturing along with related software and hardware development. Mr. Rodriguez received a BSEEfrom the University of Virginia in 1968. James S. Slebzak:is a mechanical engineering technician with the Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems Department David Taylor Research Center. He received his machinists papers in 1971 after serving his apprenticeship at David Taylor Research Center. He continued his education and became the senior numerical control programmer at the Annapolis Laboratory. He completed his mechanical technology degree from Anne Arundel Community College in 1986. His interests are in the application of numerically controlled manufacturing techniques to prototype machinery components.

The machine shop at the Annapolis Laboratory of the David Taylor Research Center (DTRC) provides model making and prototype support to a large variety of naval ship related engineering projects. In order to meet these challenging requirements, computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques are being used to produce “one of a kind” prototypes or very low volume production parts. The use of computer aides in these cases is to facilitate the accurate manufacture of a difficult part, rather than to improve manufacturing efficiencies. In addition, the approach provides the flexibility required to support research and development projects. Several examples of prototype shipboard components manufactured using CAD/CAM techniques are presented in this paper. The hardware and software that facilitated these projects are discussed. The examples described have met the requirements to produce a wide variety of prototype shipboard machinery components quickly and accurately.

关键词： Ship Equipment

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INNOVATIONS IN computer-aided-design OF MARINE TURBINES USING interactive graphics

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the interactive graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (Engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using interactive graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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computer aided ship design and numerically controlled production of towing tank models 16

Computer aided ship design and numerically controlled produc...

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16th design Automation Conference, DAC 1979

作者： Rogers, David F. Francisco Rodriguez, M. Satterfield, Steven G. Division of Engineering and Weapons Computer Aided Design/Interactive Graphics Group U. S. Naval Academy AnnapolisMD21402 United States

A computer aided Ship design (CASD) and a computer aided Manufacturing (CAM) program are described. The objective of the program is to provide the capability to design and manufacture towing tank models using interactive CASD and CAM techniques. A three dimensional interactive graphics device supported by a minicomputer is used to drive the design portion of the system. A microprocessor based graphics system, simply and directly interfaced to a CNC controller on the shop floor, is used to perform the post processing and drive the milling machine. Experiences with actual use of the system and the benefits derived from this use are discussed for an actual production job. © 1979 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer aided manufacturing

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computer aided Ship design and Numerically Controlled Production of Towing Tank Models 79

Computer Aided Ship Design and Numerically Controlled Produc...

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design Automation Conference

作者： D.F. Rogers F. Rodriguez S.G. Satterfield Computer Aided Design Interactive Graphics Division of Engineering and Weapons U.S. Naval Academy MD USA

A computer aided Ship design (CASD) and a computer aided Manufacturing (CAM) program are described. The objective of the program is to provide the capability to design and manufacture towing tank models using interactive CASD and CAM techniques. A three dimensional interactive graphics device supported by a mini-computer is used to drive the design portion of the system. A microprocessor based graphics system, simply and directly interfaced to a CNC controller on the shop floor, is used to perform the postprocessing and drive the milling machine. Experiences with actual use of the system and the benefits derived from this use are discussed for an actual production job.

关键词： Marine vehicles Production computer aided manufacturing CADCAM Virtual manufacturing computer graphics Microprocessors computer numerical control Control systems Metalworking machines

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A microprocessor display controller for combining refresh and storage tube graphics 78

A microprocessor display controller for combining refresh an...

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5th Annual Conference on computer graphics and interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH 1978

作者： Satterfield, Steven G. Rodriguez, Francisco Rogers, David F. Computer Aided Design and Interactive Graphics Group Division of Engineering and Weapons AnnapolisMD21402 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450379083

This paper describes a stand alone graphics system utilizing a microprocessor based display controller with the capability of combining refresh with storage tube graphics. This combination is accomplished by utilizing the Write-Thru feature of a Tektronix 4014 display terminal. The display controller is a typical Z-80 microprocessor system interfaced to the 4014 by a standard Tektronix parallel interface. A portion of the Z-80 memory is used as the display buffer, allowing it to be divided into store and non-store (refreshed) segments. The microprocessor performs the conversion from the simple integer X,Y coordinates in the display buffer to actual Tektronix drawing commands. A second Z-80 microprocessor is used to perform graphical transformations and transfer the data from the PDP-11 host to the Z-80 display controller. The operations performed by the second microprocessor include translation, rotation and scaling. These operations are implemented by matrix multiplication of the user data by a user specified transformation matrix. The stand alone capabilities of the graphics system is made complete with interactive devices such as a tablet, analog dials, and function switches interfaced directly to the host computer. © 1978 Association for Computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： Storage tubes

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A simple approach to computer aided milling with interactive graphics 77

A simple approach to computer aided milling with interactive...

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4th Annual Conference on computer graphics and interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH 1977

作者： Satterfield, Steven G. Rodriguez, Francisco Rogers, David F. Computer Aided Design and Interactive Graphics Group U. S. Naval Academy Division of Engineering and Weapons AnnapolisMD21402 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450373555

This paper describes CAMILL, a system for computer aided milling of ship hull models defined with interactive graphics-The major hardware components of CAMILL are a mini-computer based refresh display and a three axis numerically | controlled milling machine. For hardcopy documentation there is a large flatbed plotter. The two major software components are an interactive display program and a cutting program. The interactive display program is the human interface and provides capabilities for creating and modifying the ship design. The cutting program is executed in an intelligent terminal interfaced to the milling machine-The data used by the cutting program is generated by the display program and stored on a magnetic cassete tape. This cassette is transferred to the intelligent terminal for use by the cutting program-The main function of the cutting program is to direct the milling of the desired ship hull.

关键词： Milling (machining)

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