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Variational secure cloud quantum computing

Physical Review A 2022年第2期105卷 022603-022603页

作者： Yuta Shingu Yuki Takeuchi Suguru Endo Shiro Kawabata Shohei Watabe Tetsuro Nikuni Hideaki Hakoshima Yuichiro Matsuzaki Department of Physics Faculty of Science Division I Tokyo University of Science Shinjuku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan Research Center for Emerging Computing Technologies National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Umezono Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan NTT Communication Science Laboratories NTT Corporation3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan NTT Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT corporation Musashino Tokyo 180-8585 Japan NEC-AIST Quantum Technology Cooperative Research Laboratory National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have been considered to be useful applications of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Typically, in VQAs, a parametrized ansatz circuit is used to generate a trial wave function, and the parameters are optimized to minimize a cost function. On the other hand, blind quantum computing (BQC) has been studied in order to provide a quantum algorithm with security by using cloud networks. A client with a limited ability to perform quantum operations hopes to have access to a quantum computer of a server, and BQC allows the client to use the server's computer without leakage of the client's information (such as input, running quantum algorithms, and output) to the server. However, BQC is designed for fault-tolerant quantum computing, and this requires many ancillary qubits, which may not be suitable for NISQ devices. Here, we propose an efficient way to implement the NISQ computing with guaranteed security for the client. In our architecture, only N+1 qubits are required, under an assumption that the form of ansätze is known to the server, where N denotes the necessary number of the qubits in the original NISQ algorithms. The client only performs single-qubit measurements on an ancillary qubit sent from the server, and the measurement angles can specify the parameters for the ansätze of the NISQ algorithms. The no-signaling principle guarantees that neither parameters chosen by the client nor the outputs of the algorithm are leaked to the server. This work paves the way for new applications of NISQ devices.

关键词： Measurement-based quantum computing Quantum algorithms Quantum networks

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Efficient tomography of microwave photonic cluster states

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sunada, Yoshiki Kono, Shingo Ilves, Jesper Sugiyama, Takanori Suzuki, Yasunari Okubo, Tsuyoshi Tamate, Shuhei Tabuchi, Yutaka Nakamura, Yasunobu Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan The University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8904 Japan NTT Computer and Data Science Laboratories Musashino Tokyo180-8585 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan Institute for Physics of Intelligence The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan

Entanglement among a large number of qubits is a crucial resource for many quantum algorithms. Such many-body states have been efficiently generated by entangling a chain of itinerant photonic qubits in the optical or microwave domain. However, it has remained challenging to fully characterize the generated many-body states by experimentally reconstructing their exponentially large density matrices. Here, we develop an efficient tomography method based on the matrix-product-operator formalism and demonstrate it on a cluster state of up to 35 microwave photonic qubits by reconstructing its 235 × 235 density matrix. The full characterization enables us to detect the performance degradation of our photon source which occurs only when generating a large cluster state. This tomography method is generally applicable to various physical realizations of entangled qubits and provides an efficient benchmarking method for guiding the development of high-fidelity sources of entangled photons. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Multi-User Modular XL-MIMO Communications: Near-Field Beam Focusing Pattern and User Grouping

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Xinrui Dong, Zhenjun Zeng, Yong Jin, Shi Zhang, Rui The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

In this paper, we investigate multi-user modular extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) communication systems, where modular extremely large-scale uniform linear array (XL-ULA) is deployed at the base station (BS) to serve multiple single-antenna users. By exploiting the unique modular array architecture and considering the potential near-field propagation, we develop sub-array based uniform spherical wave (USW) models for distinct versus common angles of arrival/departure (AoAs/AoDs) with respect to different sub-arrays/modules, respectively. Under such USW models, we analyze the beam focusing patterns at the near-field observation location by using near-field beamforming. The analysis reveals that compared to the conventional XL-MIMO with collocated antenna elements, modular XL-MIMO can provide better spatial resolution by benefiting from its larger array aperture. However, it also incurs undesired grating lobes due to the large inter-module separation. Moreover, it is found that for multi-user modular XL-MIMO communications, the achievable signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for users may be degraded by the grating lobes of the beam focusing pattern. To address this issue, an efficient user grouping method is proposed for multi-user transmission scheduling, so that users located within the grating lobes of each other are not allocated to the same time-frequency resource block (RB) for their communications. Numerical results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed user grouping method, as well as the superior performance of modular XL-MIMO over its collocated counterpart with densely distributed users. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Q3DE: A fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture for multi-bit burst errors by cosmic rays

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Suzuki, Yasunari Sugiyama, Takanori Arai, Tomochika Liao, Wang Inoue, Koji Tanimoto, Teruo NTT Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino Tokyo180-8585 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan The University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8904 Japan School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Photon Science Center The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka819-0395 Japan

Demonstrating small error rates by integrating quantum error correction (QEC) into an architecture of quantum computing is the next milestone towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Encoding logical qubits with superconducting qubits and surface codes is considered a promising candidate for FTQC architectures. In this paper, we propose an FTQC architecture, which we call Q3DE, that enhances the tolerance to multi-bit burst errors (MBBEs) by cosmic rays with moderate changes and overhead. There are three core components in Q3DE: in-situ anomaly DEtection, dynamic code DEformation, and optimized error DEcoding. In this architecture, MBBEs are detected only from syndrome values for error correction. The effect of MBBEs is immediately mitigated by dynamically increasing the encoding level of logical qubits and re-estimating probable recovery operation with the rollback of the decoding process. We investigate the performance and overhead of the Q3DE architecture with quantum-error simulators and demonstrate that Q3DE effectively reduces the period of MBBEs by 1000 times and halves the size of their region. Therefore, Q3DE significantly relaxes the requirement of qubit density and qubit chip size to realize FTQC. Our scheme is versatile for mitigating MBBEs, i.e., temporal variations of error properties, on a wide range of physical devices and FTQC architectures since it relies only on the standard features of topological stabilizer codes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Stimulated emission of superradiant atoms in waveguide QED

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Asaoka, Rui Gea-Banacloche, Julio Tokunaga, Yuuki Koshino, Kazuki Computer And Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino180-8585 Japan Department Of Physics University Of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States College Of Liberal Arts And Sciences Tokyo Medical And Dental University Ichikawa272-0827 Japan

We investigate the stimulated emission of superradiant atoms coupled to a waveguide induced by a coherentstate photon pulse. We provide an analytical result when a short π pulse is incident, which shows that the atoms emit photons coherently into the output pulse, which remains a coherent state in the short pulse limit. An incident pulse is amplified in phase-preserving manner, where noise is added almost entirely in the phase direction in phase space. This property improves the ratio of intensity signal to noise after the amplification for sufficiently short pulses. This is a unique feature different from general phase-preserving linear amplifiers, where the signal-to-noise ratio deteriorates in the amplification process. We also discuss the dependence of the photon-emission probability on pulse parameters, such as the pulse area and the duration. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

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Improving Power Allocation and Installation in WSN Using Novel Nature-Inspired Optimization for Cyber Security Applications

Improving Power Allocation and Installation in WSN Using Nov...

引用

Communication and Networks (ASIANComNet), Asian Conference on

作者： K. S. Balamurugan Gedela Kalyani Ramy Al-Fatlawy Waleed Hadi Madhloom Kurdi Fatima Alsalamy H.M. Al-Aboudy K. Manikandan Department of ECE Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology Chengalpattu Tamil Nadu India Big Data Analytics Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology Chengalpattu Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Technical Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of Computer Science Altoosi University College Najaf Iraq Medical Laboratories Techniques Department Al-Mustaqbal University Hillah Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Mazaya University College DhiQar Iraq Department of Biomedical Engineering Sona College of Technology Salem Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350367003

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367225

Wireless sensor network (WSN) installation and power allocation optimization for cybersecurity purposes are difficult tasks which include a well-thought-out method that strikes a balance between goals such as the energy efficiency, connectivity and cyber threat resistance while improving overall system performance and cybersecurity. A novel multi-task walrus optimization (MTWO) technique is offered in this study. The installation and power allocation problem (IPAP) with several jobs is established in this research. The suggested MTWO is used to split the IPAP into numerous scalar components, which are consequently grouped and treated by their desired goals. We evaluate the proposed MTWO approach using simulations and show that it works well in practice. The findings demonstrate that power distribution and installation for cybersecurity activities on WSNs can be improved by the MTWO. The superiority of the problem specific MTWO over the MOGA has been demonstrated by simulation outcome in several network cases, offering a wide range of excellent network designs to aid in the decision-maker selection.

关键词： Resistance Wireless sensor networks System performance Power distribution Reliability engineering Multitasking Energy efficiency Resource management computer crime Optimization

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Near-Field Beam Focusing Pattern and Grating Lobe Characterization for Modular XL-Array

Near-Field Beam Focusing Pattern and Grating Lobe Characteri...

引用

IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Xinrui Li Zhenjun Dong Yong Zeng Shi Jin Rui Zhang National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory and Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University Nanjing China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing China The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) and Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

In this paper, we investigate the near-field modelling and analyze the beam focusing pattern for modular extremely large-scale array (XL-array) communications. As modular XL-array is physically and electrically large in general, the accurate characterization of amplitude and phase variations across its array elements requires the non-uniform spherical wave (NUSW) model, which, however, is difficult for performance analysis and optimization. To address this issue, we first present two ways to simplify the NUSW model by exploiting the unique regular structure of modular XL-array, termed sub-array based uniform spherical wave (USW) models with different or common angles, respectively. Based on the developed models, the near-field beam focusing patterns of XL-array communications are derived. It is revealed that compared to the existing collocated XL-array with the same number of array elements, modular XL-array can significantly enhance the spatial resolution, but at the cost of generating undesired grating lobes. Fortunately, different from the conventional far-field uniform plane wave (UPW) model, the near-field USW model for modular XL-array exhibits a higher grating lobe suppression capability, thanks to the non-linear phase variations across the array elements. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the near-field beam focusing pattern and grating lobe characteristics of modular XL-array.

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Quantum Error Mitigation as a Universal Error Reduction Technique: Applications from the NISQ to the Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing Eras

引用

PRX Quantum 2022年第1期3卷 010345-010345页

作者： Yasunari Suzuki Suguru Endo Keisuke Fujii Yuuki Tokunaga NTT Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino 180-8585 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University Japan Center for Emergent Matter Science RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan

In the early years of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC), it is expected that the available code distance and the number of magic states will be restricted due to the limited scalability of quantum devices and the insufficient computational power of classical decoding units. Here, we integrate quantum error correction and quantum error mitigation into an efficient FTQC architecture that effectively increases the code distance and T-gate count at the cost of constant sampling overheads in a wide range of quantum computing regimes. For example, while we need 104 to 1010 logical operations for demonstrating quantum advantages from optimistic and pessimistic points of view, we show that we can reduce the required number of physical qubits by 80% and 45% in each regime. From another perspective, when the achievable code distance is up to about 11, our scheme allows executing 103 times more logical operations. This scheme will dramatically alleviate the required computational overheads and hasten the arrival of the FTQC era.

关键词： Quantum error correction Surface code quantum computing

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Vision Paper for Enabling HCI-AI Digital Healthcare Platform Using AIDAF in Open Healthcare Platform 2030 10th

Vision Paper for Enabling HCI-AI Digital Healthcare Platform...

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10th KES International Conference on Innovation in Medicine and Healthcare, KES-InMed 2022

作者： Masuda, Yoshimasa Ishii, Ryo Shepard, Donald Jain, Rashimi Nakamura, Osamu Toma, Tetsuya The School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States NTT Human Informatics Laboratories NTT Corporation Yokosuka-shi Kanagawa Japan Brandeis University BostonMA United States Montclair State University MontclairNJ United States Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio University Kanagawa Japan Graduate School of System Design and Management Keio University Kanagawa Japan School of Management International Digital Design Management Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan Institute of NTT Data Management Consulting Inc. Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789811934391

Enterprises and information societies confront crucial challenges currently, while Society 5.0 should contribute to a super smart society, especially for healthcare. Human computer interaction (HCI)—artificial intelligence (AI) digital healthcare platforms are architected to improve the healthcare status of patients with lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, and osteoporosis. Furthermore, the above digital platforms are expected to help control costs in the healthcare ecosystem. However, current digital enterprise architecture approaches have not achieved their full potential, especially in the healthcare sector. In this paper, we describe how the adaptive integrated digital architecture framework (AIDAF) with the HCI-AI integrated digital healthcare platform is proposed with a planned case of a university hospital in the Americas. In addition, challenges and future activities for this area are discussed that cover the directions for Society 5.0. We argue that the design of an open healthcare platform "Open Healthcare Platform 2030 - OHP2030" for medical product design and robotics can be developed with AIDAF. The vision of AIDAF applications to enable Society 5.0 in the OHP2030 research initiative is explained. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Human computer interaction

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Two Birds With One Stone: Enhancing Communication and Sensing via Multi-Functional RIS

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ni, Wanli Wang, Wen Zheng, Ailing Wang, Peng You, Changsheng Eldar, Yonina C. Niyato, Dusit Schober, Robert The Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The Pervasive Communications Center Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China The Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Israel The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Erlangen91054 Germany

In this article, we propose new network architectures that integrate multi-functional reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (MF-RISs) into 6G networks to enhance both communication and sensing capabilities. Firstly, we elaborate how to leverage MF-RISs for improving communication performance in different communication modes including unicast, mulitcast, and broadcast and for different multi-access schemes. Next, we emphasize synergistic benefits of integrating MF-RISs with wireless sensing, enabling more accurate and efficient target detection in 6G networks. Furthermore, we present two schemes that utilize MF-RISs to enhance the performance of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). We also study multi-objective optimization to achieve the optimal trade-off between communication and sensing performance. Finally, we present numerical results to show the performance improvements offered by MF-RISs compared to conventional RISs in ISAC. We also outline key research directions for MF-RIS under the ambition of 6G. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reconfigurable architectures

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