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Explaining the better generalization of label distribution learning for classification

science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 348-361页

作者： Jing WANG Xin GENG School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications(Southeast University) Ministry of Education

Label distribution learning(LDL) has shown advantages over traditional single-label learning(SLL) in many realworld applications, but its superiority has not been theoretically understood. In this paper, we attempt to explain why LDL generalizes better than SLL. Label distribution has rich supervision information such that an LDL method can still choose the sub-optimal label from label distribution even if it neglects the optimal one. In comparison, an SLL method has no information to choose from when it fails to predict the optimal label. The better generalization of LDL can be credited to the rich information of label distribution. We further establish the label distribution margin theory to prove this explanation; inspired by the theory,we put forward a novel LDL approach called LDL-LDML. In the experiments, the LDL baselines outperform the SLL ones, and LDL-LDML achieves competitive performance against existing LDL methods, which support our explanation and theories in this paper.

关键词： label distribution learning classification generalization label distribution margin label ambiguity neural network

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Classifying the state of knowledge-based question answering: patterns, progress, and prospects

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International Journal of computers and applications 2025年第1期47卷 93-105页

作者： Sharma, Sumit Jain, Sarika Tiwari, Mukesh Kumar lal, Sohan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Quantum University Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee India Department of Computer Applications National Institute of Technology Haryana Kurukshetra India

In response to inquiries posed in natural languages, question-answering systems (QASs) produce responses. The capabilities of early QASs are limited because they were designed for certain domains. The current generation of QASs focuses on the types of inquiries that users typically enquire, the features of the data sources that are used, and the formats in which the right responses are produced. Many QASs have been developed since the 1960s when research on the subject first started. There are several cutting-edge frameworks for answering questions that can be used to categorize the QA system according to a number of criteria. The necessity for an extensive survey on QASs comes naturally in order to determine the future focus of research in this field. In this study, QASs are analyzed by the number of criteria used to categorize question-answering (QA) and provide the dimension using a variety of standards to cover all the QAS. We describe the current state of research in each QAS area and make recommendations for its future direction. Based on the dimension criteria outlined in the research methodology, research studies are chosen for additional review and comparison. Constructed some criteria to classify the QASs, we provide the classification and go over the benefits and drawbacks of each class's QAS, as well as the problems with the corresponding study. Results are detailed summarized and compared. As a result of this study, a general architecture of frameworks for QA over knowledge base (KB) is drawn in addition to the comparative analysis of systems, serving as a reference for academics working on related topics. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Question answering

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Aggregated Relative Similarity (ARS): a novel similarity measure for improved personalised learning recommendation using hybrid filtering approach

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Multimedia Tools and applications 2025年第18期84卷 18733-18780页

作者： Pal, Saurabh Dutta Pramanik, Pijush Kanti Choudhury, Prasenjit Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Durgapur West Bengal Durgapur India School of Computer Applications and Technology Galgotias University Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering Brainware University Kolkata India

To improve the effectiveness of online learning, the learning materials recommendation is required to be personalised to the learner material recommendations must be personalized to learners. The existing approaches are ineffective in recommending learning materials according to the learner’s learning situation, the learner’s internal learning characteristics, and fitting to the learner’s preferences and learning suitability. In this work, we propose a hybrid recommendation approach cthat combines the advantages of knowledge-based and collaborative filtering approaches. The knowledge-based filtering approach enables us to find the most suitable learning materials that fit the learner’s situation and learning state by appropriately mapping the learners’ contexts with the metadata of the learning materials. We use collaborative filtering to refine learning material selection by considering learner-learner similarity. We propose a novel similarity measure, aggregated relative similarity (ARS), to determine similar learners based on implicit learner characteristics such as education, knowledge, cognitive ability, and learning style. The experimental results show that the proposed ARS algorithm outperforms popular similarity measures such as Jaccard similarity, Sorensen-Dice coefficient, and overlap coefficient. The overall recommendation performance of the proposed hybrid approach attained mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.681 and 0.9198, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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Object Recognition Through Content Based Feature Extraction and Classification of Sounds in IoT Environment 2nd

Object Recognition Through Content Based Feature Extraction ...

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2nd International Conference on Computing, Communication, and Learning, CoCoLe 2023

作者： Sethi, Srinivas Rath, Manisa Kuanar, Sanjaya Kumar Sahoo, Ramesh Kumar Computer Science Engineering and Applications IGIT Sarang Dhenkanal India Computer Science Engineering GIET Gunupur India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031569975

The content-based order of urban sound classes is an important aspect of several emerging techniques and applications as a result, the research issue has gotten a lot of attention recently. The goal of this work is to develop an effective Machine Learning(ML) based approach for urban sound categorization in cities for intelligent object detection and recognition through sound for environmental study. Audio samples from urban space has been classified through various ML algorithms based on Mel spectrogram technique. Where, mel spectrogram techniques is a frequency based approach for extraction of features from audio samples for classification. The Urban Sound dataset, which contains a total of 8732 number od sound samples belongs to ten different classes, has been used in this work. This may be used for smart object detection through sound coming from objects in different applications, such as Traffic Management, Agriculture, Smart city, etc. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Object detection

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A Secure Healthcare Monitoring System for Disease Diagnosis in the IoT Environment

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Multimedia Tools and applications 2025年第7期84卷 3767-3792页

作者： Verma, Ankit Gupta, Amit Kumar Kumar, Vipin Rajak, Akash Kumar, Sushil Panda, Rabi Narayan Department of Computer Applications KIET Group of Institutions Delhi-NCR Ghaziabad India Computer Science & Engineering KIET Group of Institutions Ghaziabad Delhi-NCR India

People who lead hectic lives daily suffer from a variety of illnesses, including diabetes, high blood pressure, hypertension, etc. For someone to survive, they must become aware of these illnesses promptly. The Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing are the two critical prerequisites for digital healthcare. In the present research, the attacked data are detected and removed using the security module to enhance the security of the healthcare system. However, an accurate prediction mechanism is needed for the early diagnosis of the diseases. To predict the sickness and its severity more accurately, a unique Dragon Fly-based Generalised Approximate Reasoning Intelligence Control (DF-GARIC) is devised in this article. This system was primarily responsible for preprocessing the cloud medical records entered into the system. Additionally, the regression algorithm extracts the relevant features. Based on the retrieved features, the dragonfly function is used to classify the disease and estimate its severity. Subsequently, a warning is given to the providers for the abnormal condition via SMS or e-mail. The system validated a higher accuracy level of 99.8% from the MATLAB execution. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Internet of things

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Web Page Recommendation Using Distributional Recurrent Neural Network

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第4期45卷 803-817页

作者： Chaithra G.M.Lingaraju S.Jagannatha Department of Computer Science&Engineering Sapthagiri College of EngineeringBangaloreIndia Department of Information Science and Engineering Sahyadri College of Engineering&ManagementMangaluruIndia Department of Computer Applications MSRITBangaloreIndia

In the data retrieval process of the Data recommendation system,the matching prediction and similarity identification take place a major role in the *** that,there are several methods to improve the retrieving process with improved accuracy and to reduce the searching ***,in the data recommendation system,this type of data searching becomes complex to search for the best matching for given query data and fails in the accuracy of the query recommendation *** improve the performance of data validation,this paper proposed a novel model of data similarity estimation and clustering method to retrieve the relevant data with the best matching in the big data *** this paper advanced model of the Logarithmic Directionality Texture Pattern(LDTP)method with a Metaheuristic Pattern Searching(MPS)system was used to estimate the similarity between the query data in the entire *** overall work was implemented for the application of the data recommendation *** are all indexed and grouped as a cluster to form a paged format of database structure which can reduce the computation time while at the searching ***,with the help of a neural network,the relevancies of feature attributes in the database are predicted,and the matching index was sorted to provide the recommended data for given query *** was achieved by using the Distributional Recurrent Neural Network(DRNN).This is an enhanced model of Neural Network technology to find the relevancy based on the correlation factor of the feature *** training process of the DRNN classifier was carried out by estimating the correlation factor of the attributes of the *** are formed as clusters and paged with proper indexing based on the MPS parameter of similarity *** overall performance of the proposed work can be evaluated by varying the size of the training database by 60%,70%,and 80%.The parameters that are considered for performance analysis are Precision

关键词： Ontology data mining in big data logarithmic directionality texture pattern metaheuristic pattern searching system distributional recurrent neural network query recommendation

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Predictive Autoscaling for Containerized applications Using Machine Learning 1

Predictive Autoscaling for Containerized Applications Using ...

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1st International Conference on Cognitive, Green and Ubiquitous Computing, IC-CGU 2024

作者： Mogal, Amit K. Sonaje, Vaibhav P. School of Computer-Science and Engineering Sandip University Department of Computer Science & Applications Nashik India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361780

As containerization continues to gain prominence in modern application deployment, the need for efficient autoscaling mechanisms becomes paramount to ensure optimal resource utilization and adherence to service level objectives. This research paper proposes a Predictive Auto-scaling framework leveraging machine-learning(ML) techniques to anticipate and proactively adjust the resources allotted to containerized applications. The aim is to enhance the scalability and responsiveness of applications running in dynamic and cloud-native environments. An auto-scaling technique with burst awareness for containerized applications is proposed in this research. This innovative method optimizes container utilization while meeting the Quality-of-Service requirement by taking into account a mix of both vertical and horizontal skills. The proposed proactive autoscaling strategy addresses the challenges posed by unpredictable workloads and varying application demands, fostering adaptability to dynamic environments. By highlighting the significance of machine learning in improving the predictability and effectiveness of resource scaling for containerized systems, this study adds to new work of research on auto-scaling methodologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Containers

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Algoviz—Real-Time Insight of Algorithms 3rd

Algoviz—Real-Time Insight of Algorithms

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3rd International Conference on Emerging Trends in Expert applications and Security, ICE-TEAS 2024

作者： Prasad, S. Ashwini Hanumanthappa, M. Supriyaa, K. Rathore, Vijay Singh Department of Computer Science and Applications Bangalore India Department of Computer Science Engineering Jaipur India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819737444

Algorithms are central objects of every nontrivial computer application but their analysis and design are a great challenge. While traditional methods involve mathematical and empirical approaches, there exists a third avenue for studying algorithms, i.e. the algorithm visualizer. Algorithm visualizer is an interactive software tool designed to enhance the understanding and learning of various algorithms through visual representation. This tool provides a dynamic and engaging way to explore complex computational processes, making them more accessible to both novice learners and experienced programmers. The visualization platform offers a diverse range of algorithms, spanning data structures, sorting methods, graph traversal techniques, path finding algorithms, and more. Through real-time interaction, users gain insights into algorithmic operations, fostering a deeper understanding of their logic and behaviour. Users can customize inputs, experiment with different scenarios, and observe, how algorithmic choice impacts outcomes in a visual and interactive manner. The primary goal of algorithm visualizer is to elucidate the inner workings of various known algorithms by presenting them graphically, thereby simplifying their complexities for comprehension. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： computer debugging

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Visualizing the Impact of Machine Learning on Cardiovascular Disease Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis of Research Trends

Scientific Visualization

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Scientific Visualization 2024年第5期16卷 1-21页

作者： Joseph, Jeena Kartheeban, K. Department of Computer Applications Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Tamilnadu Krishnankoil India Department of Computer Applications Marian College Kuttikkanam Autonomous Idukki Kerala India Computer Science and Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Krishnankoil Tamilnadu India

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to have a negative impact on global health, which highlights the need for accurate and efficient prediction methods. Machine learning (ML) techniques as tools for forecasting CVD has recently showed potential. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of research trends in the field, focusing on visualizing the impact of ML in cardiovascular disease prediction. We used data visualization techniques to identify patterns and trends in an extensive database of scholarly publications on this subject that were published in Scopus between 1991 and 2023. The analysis reveals a substantial growth in research output, demonstrating the growing demand for ML-based CVD prediction. It reveals essential stakeholders and potential collaborators while highlighting the institutions and authors who have contributed most to this domain. The study also identifies high-impact journals that have published significant research in this domain, facilitating researchers in selecting appropriate outlets for dissemination. The study helps researchers identify the most critical areas for further research and fosters cooperation among subject-matter experts by offering insightful information about machine learning-based cardiovascular disease prediction development. The data is analyzed using the tools VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. © 2024 National Research Nuclear University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Parkinson’s disease Severity Detection Based on Fused features with tuned Residual Deep Convolutional Neural Network

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Multimedia Tools and applications 2025年第14期84卷 13111-13131页

作者： Vishwakarma, Gagan Nandanwar, Amit Kumar Thakur, Ghanshyam Singh Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology MP Bhopal India Computer Science & Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology MP Bhopal India Department of Computer Applications Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology MP Bhopal India

Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis involves the assessment of a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. To accurately diagnose PD, it is necessary to differentiate its symptoms from those of other conditions. During the diagnosis process, clinicians must consider gait abnormalities as one of the key symptoms. However, relying solely on clinical judgment for the diagnosis of PD may have limitations. In this work, we have proposed a Multikernel SVM (MK-SVM) based Parkinson's severity analysis method. Initially, an adaptive median filter is used to reduce the noise in the gait image. Then, to extract the features, we propose a dual-layer method that employs stacked autoencoders (SAEs) for local feature extraction and residual deep convolution neural networks (RDCNN) for global feature extraction. The hyper-parameters from the RDCNN are optimized using the Enhanced walrus optimization algorithm (EWO). In the final step, we use MK-SVM to classify PD according to severity. This model is evaluated using the GAIT-IT and GAIT-IST datasets. With the help of Python, we evaluated the proposed model in terms of precision, accuracy, recall, specificity, and F-scores, and the model achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.3%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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