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25th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and applications Workshops, WAINA 2011

作者： Waldmeyer, Marc Tan, Hwee-Pink Seah, Winston K.G. Networking Protocols Department Institute for Infocomm Research Singapore Singapore Laboratory for Computer Communications and Applications EPFL Switzerland School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University Wellington New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543383

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are expected to support a variety of civilian and military applications. Sensed data can only be interpreted meaningfully when referenced to the location of the sensor, making localization an important problem. In terrestrial WSNs, this can be achieved through a series of message exchanges (via RF communications) between each sensor and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. However, this is infeasible in UWSNs as GPS signals do not propagate through water. Acoustic communications is currently the most viable mode of wireless communications underwater. However, underwater acoustic channels are characterized by harsh physical layer conditions with low bandwidth, high propagation delay and high bit error rate. Moreover, the variable speed of sound, due to variations in temperature, pressure and salinity, and the nonnegligible node mobility due to water currents pose a unique set of challenges for localization in UWSNs. In this paper, we present a multi-stage AUV-aided localization scheme for UWSNs. The proposed method combines the flexibility and localization accuracy of an AUV-aided localization, the energy efficiency of "silent localization" and improved localization coverage with k-stage localization based on sensor nodes. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of the localization coverage, accuracy and communication costs using simulations. We show that while improved performance with multiple stages is traded off with higher communication costs in general, the latter can be minimized while maintaining good performance with an appropriate choice of the acoustic communication range. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Military applications

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Combinatorial approach of association rule mining in software engineering

Combinatorial approach of association rule mining in softwar...

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2011 International Conference on Software engineering, CONSEG 2011

作者： Chaudhari, Narendra S. Pal, P.R. Pawar, Shweta India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore M.P. India Dept. of Computer Science and Applications Shri Vaishnav Institute of Management Indore M.P. India

ISBN: (纸本)0071078169

Classification based on association rule mining aims to establish a model based on association rules, to classify an unknown object efficiently. In Software engineering it improves software productivity and quality;software engineers are increasingly applying data mining algorithms to various software engineering tasks. However mining software engineering data poses several challenges, requiring various algorithms to effectively mine sequences, graphs and text from such data. Software engineering data includes code bases, execution traces, historical code changes, mailing lists and bug data bases. Data mining can be used in gathering and extracting latent security requirements, extracting algorithms and business rules from code, mining legacy applications for requirements and business rules for new projects etc. Mining algorithms for software engineering falls into four main categories: Frequent pattern mining - finding commonly occurring patterns;Pattern matching - finding data instances for given patterns;Clustering - grouping data into clusters and Classification - predicting labels of data based on already labeled data. In this paper, we propose a new approach of association rule mining named Combinatorial Approach of Association Rule Mining (CAARM) in software engineering. The CAARM makes use of combinatorial mathematics to discover all frequent patterns / itemsets in just a single scan of the training database. It also doesn't perform very complex or lengthy calculations during the process. Consequently, it mines all the association rules in the most efficient way.

关键词： Data mining

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Enhanced Adaptive data cache invalidation approach for mobile ad hoc network

Enhanced Adaptive data cache invalidation approach for mobil...

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International Conference on Electronic computer Technology

作者： Fatima, N. Sabiyath Khader, P. Sheik Abdul Department of Computer Science and Engineering B.S. Abdur Rahman University Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Applications B.S. Abdur Rahman University Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9781424486779

A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes communicating within a transmission range and it is a self-configuring network of mobile routers. The concept of caching frequently accessed data provides efficient communication among mobile nodes. The main objective is to avoid the stale data using invalidation policy based on TTL. In this paper we introduce an Enhanced Adaptive TTL (EATTL) algorithm in which each 1-hop distance node's to data cache node maintain a hash table for cache invalidation. Data item name is used as key and TTL used as its value. Simulations are carried out in NS-2 to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. The simulation results showed that EATTL algorithm can cut the query delay by a factor of 3 and double the throughput compared to the Adaptive TTL. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Cache memory

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Using NEM relay to improve 3DIC cost efficiency

Using NEM relay to improve 3DIC cost efficiency

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2011 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference, 3DIC 2011

作者： Zhang, Tao Sun, Guangyu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University PA 16802 United States Center for Energy-efficient Computing and Applications Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467321891

This paper investigates the integration of Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays on top of TSVs, to reduce area overhead and also enable possible novel architecture design. NEM relay is used in this work to reduce the cost due to the removal of area overhead caused by TSV redundancy logic and the improvement of TSV reliability. Furthermore, novel memory architecture design with NEM relay is proposed to improve the cost efficiency by leveraging the switch made by NEM relay. The general-purpose memory can be reused in different designs, which allows the memory to be massively produced and thus amortizes the NRE cost. The experimental results show that the 3DIC chip can achieve 13.5% cost reduction with NEM relay integration. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Meetings through the cloud: Privacy-preserving scheduling on mobile devices

Meetings through the cloud: Privacy-preserving scheduling on...

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作者： Bilogrevic, Igor Jadliwala, Murtuza Kumar, Praveen Walia, Sudeep Singh Hubaux, Jean-Pierre Aad, Imad Niemi, Valtteri Laboratory for Communications and Applications 1 EPFL CH 1015 Lausanne Switzerland Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Kharagpur India Nokia Research Center Lausanne Switzerland

Mobile devices are increasingly being used to store and manage users' personal information, as well as to access popular third-party context-based services. Very often, these applications need to determine common availabilities among a set of user schedules, in order to allow colleagues, business partners and people to meet. The privacy of the scheduling operation is paramount to the success of such applications, as often users do not want to share their personal schedule details with other users or third-parties. In this paper, we propose practical and privacy-preserving solutions for mobile devices to the server-based scheduling problem. Our three novel algorithms take advantage of the homomorphic properties of well-known cryptosystems in order to privately and efficiently compute common user availabilities. We also formally outline the privacy requirements in such scheduling applications and we implement our solutions on real mobile devices. The experimental measurements and analytical results show that the proposed solutions not only satisfy the privacy properties but also fare better, in regard to computation and communication efficiency, compared to other well-known solutions. Finally, we assess the utility and expectations, in terms of privacy and usability, of the proposed solutions by means of a targeted survey and user-study of mobile-phone users. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling

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Comparing predictive power in climate data: Clustering matters

Comparing predictive power in climate data: Clustering matte...

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Lecture Notes in computer science

作者： Steinhaeuser, Karsten Chawla, Nitesh V. Ganguly, Auroop R. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Center for Network Science and Applications University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 United States Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642229213

Various clustering methods have been applied to climate, ecological, and other environmental datasets, for example to define climate zones, automate land-use classification, and similar tasks. Measuring the "goodness" of such clusters is generally application-dependent and highly subjective, often requiring domain expertise and/or validation with field data (which can be costly or even impossible to acquire). Here we focus on one particular task: the extraction of ocean climate indices from observed climatological data. In this case, it is possible to quantify the relative performance of different methods. Specifically, we propose to extract indices with complex networks constructed from climate data, which have been shown to effectively capture the dynamical behavior of the global climate system, and compare their predictive power to candidate indices obtained using other popular clustering methods. Our results demonstrate that network-based clusters are statistically significantly better predictors of land climate than any other clustering method, which could lead to a deeper understanding of climate processes and complement physics-based climate models. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Climate models

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An extended method for recognition of broken typewritten characters special reference to Tamil script

An extended method for recognition of broken typewritten cha...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Open Systems, ICOS 2011

作者： Abubacker, Nirase Fathima Gandhi, Raman Indra School of Information Technology City University College of Science and Technology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Applications G.K.M College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9781612849317

Preparing clean and clear images for the recognition engines is often taken for granted as a trivial task that requires little attention. Most of the existing OCRs have been designed in such a way that which correctly identify fine printed documents in all scripts. The performance of standard machine printed OCR system works fails, if it is tested on documents with distorted characters. This paper presents an approach to overcome the difficulties presented in such distorted type written documents especially with broken characters. As a first step, isolation of character is forwarded using character position location and character localization and enclosing it in a matrix which will be analyzing and repairing in the later part of our study. An attempt is incorporated using shape and line tracing method for recognition of distorted broken characters and then it is fine tuned by lexical knowledge. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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25.1: Luminance Probes for Contrast Measurements in Medical Displays

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2012年第1期34卷

作者： Aldo Badano Scott Pappada Edward F. Kelley Michael J. Flynn Sandrine Martin Jerzy Kanicki Medical Imaging and Computer Applications Branch Center for Devices and Radiological Health U.S. Food and Drug Administration Department of Biomedical Engineering Marquette University Electricity Division Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory Technology Administration U.S. Department of Commerce Department of Radiology Henry Ford Health System Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan

We report on a comparative study that examines four conic luminance probes in their ability to measure small-spot display contrast. We performed linear scans of a slit using a computer-controlled stage. We found that, although the probes were assembled according to the same design, small differences in their performance due to minor variations in materials and surfaces can be measured.

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A metric suite for early estimation of software testing effort using requirement engineering document and its validation

A metric suite for early estimation of software testing effo...

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International Conference on computer and Communication Technology (ICCCT)

作者： Ashish Sharma Dharmender Singh Kushwaha Department of Computer Engineering & Applications GLA University Mathura India India Department of Computer Science & Engineering MNNIT Allahabad India

Software testing is one of the most important and critical activity of software development life cycle which ensures software quality and directly influences the development cost and success of the software. This paper empirically proposes a test metric for the estimation of the software testing effort using IEEE-Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document in order to avoid budget overshoot, schedule escalation etc., at very early stage of software development. Further the effort required to develop or test the software will also depend on the complexity of the proposed software. Therefore the proposed test metric computes the requirement based complexity for yet to be developed software on the basis of SRS document. Later the proposed measure is also compared with other proposals for test effort estimation like code based, cognitive value based and use case based measures. The result obtained validates that the proposed test metric is a comprehensive one and compares well with various other prominent measures. The computation of proposed test effort estimation involves least overhead as compared to others.

关键词： Estimation Complexity theory Software Software testing Software measurement Productivity

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Exploring the vulnerability of CMPs to soft errors with 3D stacked non-volatile memory

Exploring the vulnerability of CMPs to soft errors with 3D s...

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29th IEEE International Conference on computer Design 2011, ICCD 2011

作者： Sun, Guangyu Kursun, Eren Rivers, Jude A. Xie, Yuan Center for Energy-Efficient Computing and Applications Peking University China IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center United States Computer Science and Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457719523

Spin-transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM) emerges for on-chip memory in microprocessor architectures. Thanks to the magnetic field based storage STT-RAM cells have immunity to radiation induced soft errors that affect electrical charge based data storage, which is a major challenge in SRAM based caches in current microprocessors. In this study we explore the soft error resilience benefits and design trade offs of 3D-stacked STT-RAM for multi-core architectures. We use 3D stacking as an enabler for modular integration of STT-RAM caches with minimum disruption in the baseline processor design flow, while providing further interconnectivity and capacity advantages. We take an in-depth look at alternative replacement schemes in terms of performance, power, temperature, and reliability trade-offs to capture the multi-variable optimization challenges microprocessor architectures face. We analyze and compare the characteristics of STT-RAM, SRAM, and DRAM alternatives for various levels of the cache hierarchy in terms of reliability. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Static random access storage

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