Delivery routing and truck assignment for transportation resources are essential elements in the dynamic world of supply chain management and logistics. This study proposes a framework for maximising the number of tru...
详细信息
Asthma is a common lung illness that causes breathing difficulties. It affects people of all ages and generally begins in childhood;however, it can also appear in adults for the first time. There is presently no cure,...
详细信息
The generalized index modulation (G-IM) technique provides an improvement in bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and/or energy efficiency (EE) over traditional digital modulation schemes. However, G-IM tec...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350378511
The generalized index modulation (G-IM) technique provides an improvement in bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and/or energy efficiency (EE) over traditional digital modulation schemes. However, G-IM techniques suffer from the propagation of errors due to the incorrect detection of indices for higher modulation order (M > 4). To alleviate the risk of error propagation, the enhancement of the correct indices detection probability is a crucial requirement for G-IM systems. This paper presents an error propagation-free generalized index modulation (G-IM) system with adaptive coding modulation in which the indices bits are coded independently on the information bits. The main focus of this study is to derive a quantitative relation between the target system BER and the required indices error rate and, hence, to derive the overall system error probability. In particular, an analytical total BER formula for the error propagation-free G-IM system is provided and compared to the total BER of the classical counterpart modulation techniques. Hence, a direct relationship between the BER of index bits and the ordinary modulation BER is represented, providing an approximate threshold after which the target BER of the G-IM system outperforms the traditional modulation techniques. To validate our established results, the G-IM system with low density parity check code with binary phase shift keying modulation technique (LDPC-BPSK), as a simple satellite coding-modulation scheme which is used in satellite digital video broadcasting TV (DVB-T2) and deep-space communications, is described as a possible direct application for the G-IM system. once the index BER exceeds the threshold, the LDPC-BPSK modulated G-IM system significantly outperforms the classical BPSK modulation while keeping the same EE or SE yet on the expense of added encoder complexity. Moreover, once the index error tends to the zero point, the total G-IM BER reaches its lower limit, a 3 dB gain, thanks t
In today's virtual age, studying feelings and sentiments through textual content and emojis is essential. This research article explores a way to use natural language processing (NLP) techniques to interpret feeli...
详细信息
The classification of music into distinct genres is a valuable undertaking in the realm of multimedia study, as it enables artists, albums, and songs to be categorized based on shared musical characteristics. This stu...
详细信息
In recent years, distributed computing has wit-nessed widespread applications across numerous organizations. Predicting workload and computing resource data can facilitate proactive service operation management, leadi...
详细信息
This research examines artificial intelligence ethics implementation across diverse cultural contexts through case studies in healthcare, finance, education, and corporate sectors. Using mixed-methods analysis across ...
详细信息
Bayesian inference is the standard for providing full predictive distributions with well calibrated uncertainty estimates. However, scaling to a modern, overparameterized deep learning setting typically comes at the c...
详细信息
Smart cities, driven by technological advancements, face challenges related to environmental pollution, including poisonous gas emissions. Existing systems often struggle to efficiently monitor and predict these emiss...
详细信息
This study addresses the critical challenge of cell nuclei segmentation in histopathological image analysis, which is essential for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Traditional segmentation methods often struggle with ...
详细信息
暂无评论