Sensor communication applications not only require high performance processing but also flexible and reliable computing. Today, standard microprocessor systems are still application oriented and aren't suitable by...
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In chapter 2 the authors firstly give a short outline of Bayesian inference, Bayesian prior and posterior distributions and Bayesian estimators. In chapter 3 they investigate random variables following a Poisson distr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9784883254194
In chapter 2 the authors firstly give a short outline of Bayesian inference, Bayesian prior and posterior distributions and Bayesian estimators. In chapter 3 they investigate random variables following a Poisson distribution. They then handle the rate parameter as a random variable, and show that the associated posterior distribution is an Erlang distribution. They then calculate the density functions of two ratios related to rate parameters. In chapter 4 the authors are dealing with partial stroke tests, proof tests, failure rates, and diagnostic coverage factors, determine the respective probability density functions and calculate confidence intervals. Finally they discuss the question whether or not to take account of the last failure of a test interval.
This paper describes the implementation and integration process of a complete communication computersystem on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). After such a design is reached, safety measures are integrated t...
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This paper deals with achieving safe wireless communication for safety related systems with Bluetooth technology. In industries at present safe communication between the field bus/devices, PLC/controllers, and system/...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781622764365
This paper deals with achieving safe wireless communication for safety related systems with Bluetooth technology. In industries at present safe communication between the field bus/devices, PLC/controllers, and system/applications (SCADA, DCS and MES systems) is achieved using safe wired industrial communication protocols such as safe field buses or safe Ethernet. To achieve safe communication, there are certain safety methods, these methods are discussed in the European standard document EN 50159-2. Wired industrial communication protocols implement these methods to achieve safe communication. To determine safety, mathematical equations are derived, which are suitable for wired communication, and which takes into account only the bit errors present in the transmission channel. As there are both bit errors and erasures (loss of information) present in the wireless channel, the mathematical equations derived for wired communication should also take into account erasure of information for wireless communication. This paper derives the mathematical equations for wireless communication to determine the safety and with the implemented safety methods for Bluetooth technology;safety integrity level SIL3 achieved is shown.
This scientific work presents a new method allowing to make a realistic prediction about software-reliability of critical systems. The main feature of this method enables the prediction of an estimate of the remaining...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781622764365
This scientific work presents a new method allowing to make a realistic prediction about software-reliability of critical systems. The main feature of this method enables the prediction of an estimate of the remaining critical number of faults in the software. The algorithm uses already known methods such as Imperfect Debugging. This method can provide an even more reliable prognosis than the conventional methods. Furthermore, the new method describes two processes for critical failures (detection and correction process). The new algorithm considers a time, which is called repair-time. This time is important for the reliably prognosis and it is mathematically described as a time-function and used in the prediction model. The software reliability models (SRM's) are used since the 70's, these software reliability models are based on stochastic and aiming to predict the reliability for the software and also for the hardware. SRM's are based on model assumptions, some of which cannot be applied anymore. Thus, for the reliability engineering today, these models are insufficient.
Software-Engineering is very important today. In industry (specifically by software critical system) it is important to produce high reliable software, i.e. software with low proportion of faults. To produce such reli...
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The standard IEC/EN 61508 defines the requirements for safety systems to be applied to industrial plant safety independently of the application. It is not only intended as a basis for the development of future applica...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9784883254194
The standard IEC/EN 61508 defines the requirements for safety systems to be applied to industrial plant safety independently of the application. It is not only intended as a basis for the development of future application orientated standards, but also as a basis of all safety related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic systems, in order to apply it to safety critical applications. The purpose of this paper is to describe the SILCas tool which enables the user to determine the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) and the probability of failure on demand (PFD) for entire SIFs (consisting of sensor, signal processing, actuator) and for different systemarchitectures.
In Functional Safety it is necessary to calculate safety parameters in order to determine the safety integrity level as well as to determine PFD and MTTF values. Nowadays, several international valid safety standards ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781622764365
In Functional Safety it is necessary to calculate safety parameters in order to determine the safety integrity level as well as to determine PFD and MTTF values. Nowadays, several international valid safety standards exist for different user and application areas. In every standard different methods and procedures occur to calculate relevant safety parameters and to determine the failure rates of the components. Those are often only partially comparable. Today, different tools exist to calculate safety loops. However, the models to calculate the parameters are often unknown to the user and therefore it is difficult to state the quality of the solution. This paper discusses these problems and presents a tool, which calculates according the IEC 61508 Ed. 2 standard. This tool is developed in cooperation with a database established by TUV Rheinland, and will give users an advantage in calculating appropriate and reliable parameters.
This paper is concerned with the design procedures of an automated testing tool, developed in Matlab®/Simulink® environment, that performs software verification during runtime on a PLC (Programmable Logic Co...
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The development of embedded sensing applications based on integrated circuits leads to ever-growing complexity of VHDL-code and requires sophisticated testability to achieve high diagnostic coverage. The norm IEC 6150...
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