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Comparison of edge computing methods in Internet of Things architectures for efficient estimation of indoor environmental parameters with Machine Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gamazo-Real, Jose-Carlos Fernández, Raúl Torres Armas, Adrián Murillo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Information Systems Department Computer Architecture and Technology Area ETSI Sistemas Informáticos Madrid28031 Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid28040 Spain

The large increase in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices have revolutionised the way data is processed, which added to the current trend from cloud to edge computing has resulted in the need for efficient and reliable data processing near the data sources using energy-efficient devices. Two methods based on low-cost edge-IoT architectures are proposed to implement lightweight Machine Learning (ML) models that estimate indoor environmental quality (IEQ) parameters, such as Artificial Neural Networks of Multilayer Perceptron type. Their implementation is based on centralised and distributed parallel IoT architectures, connected via wireless, which share commercial off-the-self modules for data acquisition and sensing, such as sensors for temperature, humidity, illuminance, CO2, and other gases. The centralised method uses a Graphics Processing Unit and the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol, but the distributed method utilises low-performance ARM-based devices and the Message Passing Interface protocol. Although multiple IEQ parameters are measured, the training and testing of ML models is accomplished with experiments focused on small temperature and illuminance datasets to reduce data processing load, obtained from sudden spikes, square profiles and sawteeth test cases. The results show a high estimation performance with F-score and Accuracy values close to 0.95, and an almost theorical Speedup with a reduction in power consumption close to 37% in the distributed parallel approach. In addition, similar or slightly better performance is achieved compared to equivalent IoT architectures from related research, but error reduction of 35–76% is accomplished with an adequate balance between performance and energy efficiency. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Experiments and modeling on thermal performance evaluation of standalone and M-cycle based desiccant air-conditioning systems

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Energy Reports 2024年 11卷 1445-1454页

作者： Bhat, Showkat Ahmad Sajjad, Uzair Hussain, Imtiyaz Yan, Wei-Mon Raza, Hafiz M.U. Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Sultan, Muhammad Omar, Hani Azam, Muhammad Waheed Bozzoli, Fabio Huang, Nen-Fu Center of Innovative Incubator National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Research Center of Energy Conservation for New Generation of Residential Commercial and Industrial Sectors National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya University Bosan Road Multan60800 Pakistan Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information Technology Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan Department of Architecture and Engineering University of Parma Parco Area delle Science 181/A Parma43124 Italy IRC-Renewable Energy and Power Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dammam Dhahran Saudi Arabia

This study aims to evaluate the performance of standalone and Maisotsenko-cycle based desiccant air-conditioning systems with silica gel through experimental and explainable artificial intelligence methods. In order to examine the desiccant systems' performance, deep neural networks have been constructed based on the optimal hyper-parameters provided by the Bayesian surrogacy. The influential factors, such as regeneration air temperature and relative humidity, primary air temperature and relative humidity, among other system features like regeneration temperature and humidity, are chosen as the inputs using feature engineering and correlation heat maps. The results indicated that with the right framework and training data, the proposed model can forecast the performance of the standalone and M-cycle-based desiccant air conditioning systems with a great accuracy (i.e. R2 = 0.99). In addition, regeneration temperature and humidity, and inlet regeneration air temperature are considered to be the primary parameters that affect the thermal performance of Maisotsenko-cycle and stand-alone desiccant systems. The regeneration conditions are shown to have a positive correlation with the primary and regeneration outlet temperatures while having a negative correlation with the primary and regeneration outlet relative humidity. The primary inlet relative humidity has the greatest impact on the primary outlet relative humidity while the regeneration inlet temperature has the highest impact on the regeneration outlet relative humidity of the system. In addition, the primary inlet relative humidity is found to have positive correlations with the outlet regeneration and primary relative humidity and outlet regeneration temperature. Also, the primary air inlet temperature is found to be directly associated with the outlet primary relative humidity and temperature for the considered systems. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Air conditioning

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Human Expansion-Induced Biodiversity Crisis over Asia from 2000 to 2020

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 647-658页

作者： Chao Yang Qingquan Li Xuqing Wang Aihong Cui Junyi Chen Huizeng Liu Wei Ma Xuanyan Dong Tiezhu Shi Fanyi Meng Xiaohu Yan Kai Ding Guofeng Wu MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area&Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics&Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ) Shenzhen 518107China Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077China Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China institute for Advanced Study and Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Joint Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing Jjiaotong UniversityChongging 400074China Department of Cil and Environmental Engineering Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan School of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China School of Computer Science and Technology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523419China

Asia stands out as a priority for urgent biodiversity conservation due to its large protected areas(PAs)and threatened *** the 21st century,both the highlands and lowlands of Asia have been experiencing the dramatic human ***,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity is poorly ***,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity over 2000 to 2020 in Asia at the continental(Asia),national(48 Asian countries),and hotspot(6,502 Asian terrestrial PAs established before 2000)scales is investigated by integrating multiple large-scale *** results show that human expansion poses widespread threat to biodiversity in Asia,especially in Southeast Asia,with Malaysia,Cambodia,and Vietnam having the largest threat degrees(~1.5 to 1.7 times of the Asian average level).Human expansion in highlands induces higher threats to biodiversity than that in lowlands in one-third Asian countries(most Southeast Asian countries).The regions with threats to biodiversity are present in~75%terrestrial PAs(including 4,866 PAs in 26 countries),and human expansion in PAs triggers higher threat degrees to biodiversity than that in *** findings provide novel insight for the Sustainable Development Goal 15(SDG-15 Life on Land)and suggest that human expansion in Southeast Asian countries and PAs might hinder the realization of *** reduce the threat degree,Asian developing countries should accelerate economic transformation,and the developed countries in the world should reduce the demands for commodity trade in Southeast Asian countries(i.e.,trade leading to the loss of wildlife habitats)to alleviate human expansion,especially in PAs and highlands.

关键词： Human terrestrial integrating

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Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education 23

Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education

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Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference

作者： Murat M. Gunal Yahya Ismail Osais Lee Schruben Gerd Wagner Enver Yücesan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Fenerbahce University Istanbul Türkiye Computer Engineering Department Center for Intelligent Secure Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Industrial Engineering and Operations Research University of California Berkeley USA Department of Informatics Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Germany Technology and Operations Management Area INSEAD Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369663

Forty years ago, in 1983, Lee Schruben proposed the Event Graph formalism and modeling language, subsequently defining the paradigm of Event-Based Simulation, in a precise way, which had been pioneered 20 years before by SIMSCRIPT. The purpose of this panel is for a group of Event Graph researchers both from Operations Research and computer Science, including the inventor of Event Graphs and one of his former PhD students who has made essential contributions to their theory, to discuss their views on the history and potential of Event Graph modeling and simulation. In particular, the adoption of Event Graphs as a discrete process modeling language in Discrete Event Simulation and in computer Science, and their potential as a foundation for the entire field of Discrete Event Simulation and for the fields of process modeling and AI in computer Science is debated.

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Design and implementation of a real-time onboard system for a stratospheric balloon mission using commercial off-the-self components and a model-based approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Pérez-Muñoz, Ángel-Grover Gamazo-Real, Jose-Carlos González-Bárcena, David Zamorano, Juan Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Department of Architecture and Technology of Information Systems ETSI Ingenieros Informáticos Madrid28660 Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Information Systems Department Computer Architecture and Technology Area ETSI Sistemas Informáticos Madrid28031 Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad "Ignacio Da Riva" ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio Madrid28040 Spain

Stratospheric balloons have emerged as an affordable and flexible alternative to traditional spacecrafts as they are implemented using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment without following strict methodologies. HERCCULES is a stratospheric balloon mission that aims to characterize the convective heat and radiative environment in the stratosphere. The purpose of this article is to present the HERCCULES onboard software (OBSW) whose design and complexity is comparable to that of satellite systems, since it must control about sixty COTS equipment using a single Raspberry Pi 4B as onboard computer and ensure the real-time requirements. Compared to similar systems, novel contributions are presented as the OBSW is developed following model-based and component-based approaches using the TASTE toolchain from the European Space. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Real time systems

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Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education

Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education

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2023 Winter Simulation Conference, WSC 2023

作者： Gunal, Murat M. Osais, Yahya Ismail Schruben, Lee Wagner, Gerd Yücesan, Enver Fenerbahce University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Atatürk Mah. Ataşehir Bulvari Istanbul Ataşehir34758 Turkey King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Center for Intelligent Secure Systems Computer Engineering Department P.O. Box 2244 Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia University of California Berkeley Industrial Engineering and Operations Research BerkeleyCA94720 United States Brandenburg University of Technology Department of Informatics Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 5 Cottbus03046 Germany Insead Technology and Operations Management Area Ayer Rajah Avenue 138676 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369663

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Methods for Performance Optimization of Ultra-Thin Heat Pipes with Composited Wick

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yin, Kui Wu, Yongjia Zhao, Donghao Lin, Wenting Zhou, Nan Li, Zhiyong Ming, Tingzhen School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park Wuhan University of Technology Sanya572004 China School of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing401331 China Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States UC Berkeley United States

Ultra-thin heat pipes are extensively utilized in the heat dissipation systems of portable electronic devices, with the performance of their core component, the wick, being crucial to their normal operation. The composite structure of a copper mesh and copper fiber bundle wick can significantly enhance the maximum heat transfer capacity of ultra-thin heat pipes. A mathematical model of the ultra-thin heat pipe, incorporating the new composite wick structure, was developed using the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. Based on this mathematical model, the new wick structure was optimized to enhance the maximum heat transfer capacity. Additionally, the mechanisms by which the number of copper mesh layers, the width, and the positions of copper fiber bundles influence thermal performance were elucidated. The optimization results indicated that the heat pipe achieved optimal heat transfer performance with a single layer of copper mesh, a 0.75 mm width copper fiber bundle, and zero position. The optimized wick structure enhanced the maximum heat transfer capacity of the heat pipe by 40.03% compared to its capacity before optimization. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education

Forty Years of Event Graphs in Research and Education

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Murat M. Gunal Yahya Ismail Osais Lee Schruben Gerd Wagner Enver Yücesan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Fenerbahce University Istanbul Türkiye Computer Engineering Department Center for Intelligent Secure Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Industrial Engineering and Operations Research University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Department of Informatics Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Germany Technology and Operations Management Area INSEAD Singapore

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Experimental Study on Gravity Currents with Internal Strati Cation in Semicircular Channels

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Chiapponi, Luca Zemach, Tamar Petrolo, Diana Ungarish, Marius Longo, Sandro Department of Engineering and Architecture Università degli Studi di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A Parma43124 Italy Department of Computer Science Tel-Hai College Tel-Hai 1220800 Israel Department of Computer Science Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa32000 Israel

We present an experimental study of gravity currents (GCs) with internal stratification in a semicircular channel in the inertial–buoyancy and Boussinesq regime. Forty tests were performed with a denser volume of fluid (brine advancing in a fresh water ambient fluid) in lock-release. The lock contains an internal stratification, with a layer of density ρL overlain by a layer of density ρU, where ρa U L and ρa is the density of the ambient fluid. The experiments cover both a full depth and a partial depth configuration. The measurements consist of marking the front position of the currents as a function of the time from release, t. Two lateral video-cameras were used to detect the flow profile. Also local instantaneous density and velocity profiles data were collected in a fixed section downstream of the gate, in order to give further details and a better description of the physical phenomenon. The integral data of front speed and current thickness were compared to a theoretical model [1] based on (i) a Boussinesq flow;(ii) large Reynolds number;(iii) current advancing in shallow water conditions;and (iv) negligible ambient fluid dynamics. The system of equations and boundary conditions allows the prediction of the motion of the GC, in particular the position and speed of the nose xN (t) and uN (t). The agreement of theory and experiments is fairly good, especially for the full depth configuration. The partial depth configuration experiments are less accurately reproduced by the theory, and require a correction coefficient of the Froude number at the front, mimicking dissipation and mixing. A thorough investigation was carried out for density profiles, average velocities within the current, and buoyancy fluxes of a turbulent diffusive nature, with a quadrant analysis distinguishing the origin and direction of the fluxes. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gravity waves

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Thermodynamic Analysis of a Jet Engine Using a Liquid Propellant

Research Square

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Research Square 2022年

作者： Alliche, Mounir Rebhi, Redha Inc, Mustafa Kidar, Ali Menni, Younes Ameur, Houari Lorenzini, Giulio Alsharif, Sameer Althobaiti, Ahmed Aly, Ayman A. Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Technology University Yahia Fares of Medea Medea26000 Algeria Department of Computer Engineering Biruni University Istanbul Turkey Department of Mathematics Science Faculty Firat University Elazig23119 Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung40402 Taiwan Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics Ziane Achour University of Djelfa Algeria Faculty of Technology Ziane Achour University of Djelfa Algeria Unit of Research on Materials and Renewable Energies Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Abou Bekr Belkaid University P.O. Box 119 Tlemcen13000 Algeria Department of Technology University Centre of Naama - Salhi Ahmed P.O. Box 66 Naama 45000 Algeria Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 181/A Parma43124 Italy Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information Technology Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif21944 Saudi Arabia

Combustion-chamber is a critical component of the propulsion engine, which is widely used in the space industry and aeronautics. The goal of this article is to perform a numerical-analysis on the combustion process using a liquid-type propellant. The steps that must be followed until total combustion is achieved are emphasized. It concerns the fuel feeding phase, its injection and the combustion operation. The amount of combustion products and the energy generated are evaluated. It has been shown that the liquid propellant may present an efficient alternative fuel than the kerosene. In addition, the temperature of combustion does not exceed a certain limit to avoid structural problems in the chamber. The parametric survey allowed determining the range of the most influence factors, including the pressure, mixture richness, velocity and flow rates of injection for the fuel and oxidizer. The number and type of injectors revealed a considerable influence on the velocity and flow rates of injection. To maximize thrust force and system propulsion, a careful selection of chamber material and ignition methods is required. A thorough inspection on the issues of walls cooling showed the necessary survey of maximum temperatures that may be reached during the combustion. Finally, an investigation of the thermal exchange through the walls will be very interesting. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Surveys

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