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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： A. Sohn M. Sato S. Sakai Y. Kodama Y. Yamaguchi Computer and Information Science Department New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Computer Architecture Section Electro Technical Laboratory Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Real World Computing Tsukuba Research Center Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

Solving search problems takes a large amount of computational resources both in terms of execution time and memory usage. This report presents experimental results of Parallel Bidirectional Heuristic Search (PBiHS) on the 80-processor EM-4 multithreaded data-flow multiprocessor. The PBiHS searches from two directions in parallel while search in each direction is also performed in parallel. Important data structures are distributed to all processors to help reduce the execution time of realistic problem sizes down to a few seconds or less. We implement two search problems, the Eight Puzzle and the Tower of Hanoi, and execute on the target multiprocessor. Execution results demonstrate that the Parallel Bidirectional Heuristic Search can solve the tree depth 20-40 of the Eight-Puzzle and the 3-9 disks of the Tower of Hanoi in an optimal or near optimal number of iterations in less than two seconds, is highly scalable as it gives over 40-fold speedup on 80 processors, and yields on the average 10-fold improvement over unidirectional search for the 8-Puzzle while generating a far less number of nodes.< >

关键词： Search problems Poles and towers Artificial intelligence Concurrent computing Data structures Parallel processing Information science computer architecture Laboratories Buildings

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Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting particles 94

Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting partic...

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21st Annual Conference on computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH 1994

作者： Breen, David E. House, Donald H. Wozny, Michael J. European Computer-Industry Research Centre Design Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Arabellastrasse 17 MunichD-81925 Germany Visualization Laboratory Texas A and M University Department of Computer Science Williams College College of Architecture College StationTX77843-3137 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology Design Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute MEL 220/B322 GaithersburgMD20899 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897916670

We demonstrate a physically-based technique for predicting the drape of a wide variety of woven fabrics. The approach exploits a theoretical model that explicitly represents the microstructure of woven cloth with interacting particles, rather than utilizing a continuum approximation. By testing a cloth sample in a Kawabata fabric testing device, we obtain data that is used to tune the model's energy functions, so that it reproduces the draping behavior of the original material. Photographs, comparing the drape of actual cloth with visualizations of simulation results, show that we are able to reliably model the unique large-scale draping characteristics of distinctly different fabric types. © ACM 1994.

关键词： Weaving

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USING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS IN THE DESIGN OF SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 91-106页

作者： JONS, OP RYAN, JC JONES, GW Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hanover W. Germany and an MS in naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship system integration as manager LHA ship systems engineering department. From 1972 to 1974 he was the principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1974 as technical director he helped establish the Crystal City office of Designers and Planners. Mr. Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he serves as corporate vice president engineering. J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelors and masters degrees in naval architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the advanced marine technology division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. He subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for twelve years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the Technical Director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the director of the future ship concepts division. Gary W. Jones:graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1971 with a BS in mechanical engineering and followed up with graduate work at George Washington University and the University of Maryland. Mr. Jones was with the Naval Sea Systems Command from 1971 until 1988 where he was a naval architect in the submarine section of the hull form design division. In 1988 he was detailed to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) where he became the program manager for the advanced submarine technology program's hydrodynamic hydroac

A major contributor to the expense and length of time to design, build, and test new systems has been the need to build and test hardware prototypes to determine their effectiveness in meeting operational requirements. Recent and dramatic advances in computer simulation technologies hold forth the promise of revolutionizing design and acquisition strategies by providing the means to validate end users' requirements prior to hardware construction. By designing and operationally testing virtual prototypes in a virtual environment, these technologies will soon offer naval architects the ability to build and launch ships in computer-based cyberspace in lieu of the shipbuilder's ways. The authors of this paper provide the background for these developments, explore the significance and ramifications of these technologies to the current process of ship and system design, outline challenges lying ahead, and present their vision and recommendations for future development.

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White Paper: Naval Modeling and Simulation: Charting a Path to the User

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Naval Engineers Journal 1994年第4期106卷 209-211页

作者： Ricketts, J. Bruce THE AUTHOR:received his B.S. in naval architecture from the U.S. Naval Academy in J 983. After graduation Mr. Ricketts served eight years active duty service. His tours included Main Propulsion Assistant and Navigation Assistant aboard USS Caron (DD-970) Fire Control Officer and Chief Engineer aboard USS Ticonderoga (CG-47) and Weapons Officer and Combat Systems Officer aboard USS Philippine Sea (CG-58). He also performed additional duty at the David Taylor Model Basin in support of ship trials and future naval force analysis studies. He remains in the Naval Reserves where he is a Lieutenant Commander with NRL SCI & TECH 206. Mr. Ricketts currently works as a Research and Design Engineer for Analysis and Technology Inc. in support of computer analysis work being performed at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center and is a member of ASNE SNAME and the Surface Navy Association. The views expressed herein are the personal opinions of the author and are not necessarily the official views of the Department of Defense or any military department thereof.

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Autonomous systems demand new computer system architectures and new development strategies

Autonomous systems demand new computer system architectures ...

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International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation

作者： B. Svensson P.-A. Wiberg Department of Computer Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Centre for Computer Architecture Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden

This paper addresses two related problem areas with regard to autonomous systems, namely (i) appropriate architectures of the embedded computing systems, and (ii) appropriate system development strategies and tools. Adaptivity and learning are identified as important characteristics of autonomous systems. A modular architecture capable of executing multiple-neural-network systems with real-time learning and control abilities is described. This architecture is based on distributed nodes of massively parallel processing elements communicating by means of a scalable high bandwidth medium. The nodes and the medium operate in a time-deterministic manner. Further, it is argued that autonomous systems must be developed through a process of system alteration-change-orientation rather than the phase-oriented specify-design-implement-and-test model which is common today. A tool which, in cooperation with the system architecture, supports this paradigm is described. Required functions of the development tool are, e.g., inspection and visualization of data, change of software and hardware functions, and ability to cope with changes in the mechanical structure, including sensors and actuators, all while the autonomous system is in action. A graphical, interactive design environment that meets these demands is outlined.< >

关键词： computer architecture Embedded computing Real time systems Control systems Parallel processing Bandwidth Inspection Data visualization Software tools Hardware

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Design of neural networks to tolerate the mixture of two types of faults

Design of neural networks to tolerate the mixture of two typ...

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International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS)

作者： Y. Tohma Y. Koyanagi Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Architecture Division Fujitsu Laboratories Limited Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan

The authors present a design method of neural networks for optimization problems, which can tolerate the simultaneous existence of both stuck-at-zero and stuck-at-one faults. By using this new design method together with one presented earlier, neural networks can tolerate very well the mixture of the both types of faults as well as unidirectional faults.

关键词： Neural networks Fault tolerance Design methodology Design optimization Traveling salesman problems Recurrent neural networks computer science computer applications computer networks Application software

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An architecture for time-critical distributed/parallel processing

An architecture for time-critical distributed/parallel proce...

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Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing

作者： H.W. Lawson B. Svensson Lawson Publishing and Consulting Inc. Lidingo Sweden Department of Computer Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Centre for Computer Architecture Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden

Considers DP (distributed/parallel) Cy-Clone, which is a further development of previous work in the area of designing highly predictable real-time systems. DP Cy-Clone systems contain only architectures that have well controlled time behavior describable in terms of time increments (dT). The issues related to designing time-critical distributed/parallel real-time systems and the motivation for the properties of DP Cy-Clone are presented first. The generic architecture of a node and a distributed network of nodes is presented, followed by the introduction of one possible approach to a bus-based concrete architecture. Means of network expansion via connecting multiple clusters are presented. Finally, some potential areas of application are described.< >

关键词： Time factors Parallel processing computer architecture Real time systems Personal communication networks Distributed computing Cloning Mars Publishing Design engineering

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SHIPBOARD DAMAGED STABILITY ASSESSMENT - THE FLOODING CASUALTY CONTROL SOFTWARE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 152-166页

作者： ZAHN, PB ROSBOROUGH, J CARLSTROM, R Peter B. Zahn:is a section chief in the Naval Architecture Department at Advanced Marine Enterprises. He is responsible for software development and special trials support. He has led the Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) development effort since joining AME in 1989. He is also responsible for the material handling strikedown and stowage (MHS&S) software development program as well as special trials support for the ACVLAP and T-AGOS 19 programs. Prior to joining AME Mr. Zahn spent nine years with various companies of the ARCTEC Group. His experience includes field trials in venues from the Caribbean to the Bering Sea as well as model tests and engineering design and development efforts. Mr. Zahn received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from Webb Institute in 1980 and has published various papers on pollution prevention offshore systems and icebreaker design and performance. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. John Rosborough:has been a naval architect for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) for the past 15 years. He is currently assigned to the Hydrodynamics Division with responsibility for aircraft carrier stability evaluations and as a task leader for computer-aided ship design development. In the Stability Division he was previously responsible for stability analyses on various amphibious ships SWATHs and foreign ships. He manages the upgrade and augmentation of SHCP at NavSea and is the Navy's technical point of contact for evaluating shipboard stability software and transitioning technology to the fleet. Mr. Rosborough received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan in 1977. He is a member of USNI and the Association of Scientists and Engineers at NavSea. Richard Carlstrom:is a naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises. He has been responsible for software development in support of a variety of major programs including FCCS and SHCP and is a specialist in stability evaluations for complex ships such as CVs CVNs

The Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) was developed under the auspices of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) and is currently being deployed on a variety of ships in the neets of both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Coast Guard. The primary objective of FCCS is to enable damage control personnel to identify critical stability conditions, especially when related to the loss of reserve buoyancy due to battle damage and the destabilizing effects of large quantities of firefighting water, in a timely manner. FCCS was initially deploved in 1990. It utilizes the standard algorithms of the Ship Hull Characteristics Program (SHCP). The user interface was designed to allow quick familiarity for shipboard users, primarily the damage control assistant (DCA) and his staff. Intact stability evaluations include the effects of topside icing, high winds, personnel crowding, heavy lifts over the side, high speed turns, and towing. FCCS also supports ballasting analysis for amphibious ships as well as providing bottom reaction and beached stability data for grounding incidents. Bv providing a tool for the ''fuel king'' and DCA to generate the required daily updates on the current ship load and liquids status, FCCS is assured of an accurate baseline in the event of damage. The design allows the evaluation of the ultimate ship stability status for a damage event using simple compartmentation and flooding status inputs. Evaluation of the adequacy of resulting stabilitv, as well as identification of such critical stability parameters as off center loading, margin line immersion, and negative GM, are accomplished by the program. Guidance is provided for the user to initiate appropriate flooding related damage control activities. Initially fitted on USS Oliver Hazard Perry Class frigates, FCCS databases have been for the USCG Hamilton class high endurance cutters, USS Arleigh Burke class Aegis destroyers, and a variety of other U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard ship classes. The progra

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COMPARING SOFTWARE PIPELINING FOR AN OPERATION-TRIGGERED AND A TRANSPORT-TRIGGERED architecture 4th

COMPARING SOFTWARE PIPELINING FOR AN OPERATION-TRIGGERED AND...

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4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON COMPILER CONSTRUCTION ( CC 92 )

作者： HOOGERBRUGGE, J CORPORAAL, H Delft University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Section Computer Architecture and Digital Systems Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540559841

This paper reports the results of a comparison between a new class of architectures, called transport-triggered architectures, and traditional architectures, called operation-t~iggered architectures. It does this comparison by means of the MOVE-i860, which is a transport-triggered approximation of the i860. Several benchmarks are scheduled for the MOVE-i860 by a software pipelining scheduler. By scheduling according to three scheduling disciplines, we are able to measure the advantages of transport-triggered architectures. The results of the experiments show that transport-triggered architectures perform better than operation-triggered architectures with similar hardware. © 1992, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling

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An integrated knowledge-based and procedural system for the design of energy conscious buildings

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Automation in Construction 1992年第2期1卷 123-141页

作者： Shaviv, Edna Kalay, Yehuda E. Peleg, Uriel J. Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Department of Architecture School of Architecture and Planning State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States ACA-Architecture and Computer Aids Ltd. Ramat Gan Israel

The paper describes a methodology for supporting computationally all phases of an energy-conscious design and evaluation process, by combining procedural simulation and knowledge-based heuristic methods in one integrated system. The methodology is based on partitioning the design process into discrete phases and identifying the energy-conscious informational characteristics of each phase. These informational characteristics are expressed in the form of design variables (parameters) and the relationships between them. The methodology allows for testing the applicability of heuristics rules in non-standard cases, using context-sensitive application of default values and judicious selection of rules of thumb, thereby improving the overall predictive powers of the evaluation. The methodology is demonstrated through developing a KB-CAAD system for the schematic-conceptual design phase of solar and low energy buildings. The system is based on the integration of a knowledge-based model and a simulation model with a commercially available CAAD system for building representation. The knowledge base contains heuristic rules for the design of passive solar buildings. Whenever possible, the knowledge-base guides the designer through the decision making process. However, if the rules of thumb are not acceptable for the particular design problem, the system guides the architect by means of the procedural simulation model. A case study demonstrates how the system leads to the design of better energy conscious buildings, while taking less time and effort to introduce the geometrical data that is needed for the representation of a regular, non-solar building. © 1992

关键词： Conceptual design

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