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International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2003

作者： Hoffmann, Rolf Völkmann, Klaus-Peter Heenes, Wolfgang Darmstadt University of Technology Computer Architecture Group Alexanderstr. 10 DarmstadtD-64283 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769519261

We have previously introduced the massively parallel global cellular automata (GCA) model. Parallel algorithms derived from applications can be mapped straightforward onto this model. In this model a cell in the cell field is dynamically connected (access pattern, dynamic neighbourhood) to other cells. The model can be implemented by pointers stored in the cell state. Via these pointers, each cell has read access to any other cell in the cell field, and the pointers may be changed from generation to generation. We have investigated different types of the model in order of minimize hardware/software implementation cost. So we have classified the GCA into types with respect to space, time or data dependency of the access pattern. We have investigated a number of different GCA algorithms and found out, that in most cases a time dependent access pattern is sufficient. To find out the usefulness of the data dependent access pattern we constructed a sophisticated merge sort algorithm, in which the target addresses are computed in contrast to classical algorithms where the data elements are moved. It turned out, that we could not achieve a speed up which we expected compared to an algorithm implemented on the more simple time dependent model. This is another confirmation that it is sufficient to implement only the time and space dependent model and thus reduce the hardware/software implementation cost. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Cells

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GCA: a massively parallel model

GCA: a massively parallel model

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： R. Hoffmann K.P. Volkmann W. Heenes Computer Architecture Group Darmstadt University of Technology Darmstadt Germany

关键词： Parallel algorithms Hardware Costs Synchronous generators computer architecture Application software Global communication Distributed processing Concurrent computing

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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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FM application in the hospitality sector

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Facilities 2002年第7/8期20卷 239-250页

作者： Okoroh, M.I. Jones, C. Ilozor, B.D. Built Environment Research Group School of Computer and Technology Division of Design Technology and Built Environment University of Derby Derby United Kingdom School of Business and Professional Burton College Burton-on-Trent United Kingdom Architecture and Construction Management Deakin University Geelong Australia

When applied to hotels, the terms “facilities management” and “hotel management” are in many ways synonymous. Certainly effective management of the physical aspects in the hotel business is essential for maximum efficiency. This paper presents a research into facilities management operations in medium sized hotels (11-50 rooms) in the UK. Medium sized hotels were selected for this research, since 90 per cent of UK hotels have fewer than 50 bedrooms. The key objective is to establish any trends that suggest a relationship between the application of facilities management techniques and the success of hotel businesses. Financial measures were not identified as being of critical importance and there seemed to be more of an interest in cost reduction than in income growth. © 2002, MCB UP Limited

关键词： Facilities management Hospitality industry

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An open visualization toolkit for reverse architecting

An open visualization toolkit for reverse architecting

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IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension

作者： A. Telea A. Maccari C. Riva Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhovan University of Technology Netherlands Software Architecture Group Nokia Research Center Finland

Maintenance and evolution of complex software systems (such as large telecom embedded devices) involve activities such as reverse engineering (RE) and software visualization. Although several RE tools exist, we found their architecture hard to adapt to the domain specific requirements posed by our current practice in Nokia. We present an open architecture which allows easy prototyping of RE data exploration and visualization scenarios for a large range of domain models. We pay special attention to the visual and interactive requirements of the reverse engineering process. The article describes the basic architecture of our toolkit, compares it to the existing RE environments and present several visualizations taken from real cases.

关键词： Reverse engineering computer architecture Data visualization Software systems Software tools Application software Software maintenance Rendering (computer graphics) Mathematics computer science

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IDEA - An information superstructure 2

IDEA - An information superstructure

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2nd DARPA Information Survivability Conference and Exposition (DISCEX II)

作者： Tallet, JO Henning, RR Fox, KL IDEA Project United States Harris' Software Architecture Tools Methods and Technology Team United States Harris Corporation's Government Communications Systems Division United States Information Assurance Center of Excellence United States Harris Engineering Process Group United States IEEE IEEE Computer Society United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769512127

This past October, the Associated Press reported that for over a month hackers effectively penetrated Microsoft's firewall and, potentially, had access to source code for future products. Over the past year, reported commercial espionage has been increasing steadily. These events underscore the necessary for security engineers to define and implement strong information assurance infrastructures. The concept of defense in depth is used to provide sufficient detection and defensive countermeasures to ensure an enterprise's information is protected. Over the past three years, Harris has conducted research leading to the development of an assurance superstructure tool: the Integrated Design Environment for Assurance (IDEA). Building upon concepts developed during the Network Vulnerability Tool (NVT) program, the IDEA program refined the design and provides a comprehensive assurance analysis superstructure. The IDEA program benifited from the NVT architecture to gain greater adaptive capabilities to address the evolving capabilities of external vulnerability assessment and risk management tools. This re-architected solution builds upon lessons learned during the NVT project.

关键词： architecture patterns FuzzyFusion(Tm) data fusion fuzzy information operations information security

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Evaluation of end-to-end QoS mechanisms in IP networks 1

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1st International Conference on Networking, ICN 2001

作者： Shaikh, Fayaz A. McClellan, Stan Center of Telecommunications Education and Research Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alabama at Birmingham 1150 Tenth Avenue South BEC 253 BirminghamAL35294-4461 United States IP Architecture Group Technology and Systems Engineering Compaq Telecommunications 1255 West Fifteenth Street Suite 8000 PlanoTX75075 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540423036

The primary challenges in the deployment of Voice over Internet Protocol technology include Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees in the form of stringent bounds on end-to-end delay, jitter and loss, as well as rigorous validation of subjective and objective end-to-end quality. The performance of subjective tests to indirectly optimize transported voice quality requires test administrators to modify and compare the effect of network configurations for a large population of users. The impasse between control of network configuration and control of effective test design has prompted us to approach this joint optimization problem from the perspective of a programmable network testbed. The Video and Voice over IP Environment for Research (VVIPER) has been designed for this purpose. This paper describes design and implementation of this testbed, and presents samples of the performance results gathered for various popular IP-based QoS technologies. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

关键词： Testbeds

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Stub-code performance is becoming important 00

Stub-code performance is becoming important

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Proceedings of the 1st conference on Industrial Experiences with Systems Software - Volume 1

作者： Andreas Haeberlen Jochen Liedtke Yoonho Park Lars Reuther Volkmar Uhlig University of Karlsruhe System Architecture Group Karlsruhe Germany IBM T.J. Watson Hawthorne NY Dresden University of Technology Department of Computer Science Dresden Germany

As IPC mechanisms become faster, stub-code efficiency becomes a performance issue for local client/server RPCs and inter-component communication. Inefficient and unnecessary complex marshalling code can almost double communication costs. We have developed an experimental new IDL compiler that produces near-optimal stub code for gcc and the L4 microkernel. The current experimental IDL4 compiler cooperates with the gcc compiler and its x86 code generator. Other compilers or target machines would require different optimizations. In most cases, the generated stub code is approximately 3 times faster (and shorter) than the code generated by a commonly used portable IDL compiler. Benchmarks have shown that efficient stubs can increase application performance by more than 10 percent. The results are applied within IBM's SawMill project that aims at technology for constructing multi-server operating systems.

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Innovation in design - Strategies for designing together

Innovation in design - Strategies for designing together

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Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 1999

作者： Kukla, Charles D. Binder, Thomas Porter, William L. Buur, Jacob Information Design Compaq Computer Corporation Littleton MA 01460 United States Department of Art and Communication Maimö University College Sweden Department of Architecture Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States User Centered Design Group Corporate Service Technology Development Danfoss A/S Denmark

Innovation in design is becoming increasingly important as businesses see the limits of cost reduction strategies for improving productivity, profit, and growth. To create innovation in design we will show that designing in skilled practice has an inner logic: a structure that allows it to be understood as a kind of reasoning, a form of inquiry, but that also includes and depends upon the designer's appreciative judgments6. Through the use of a research technique called Design Games4 and a real-life problem situation, participants will explore designing with a variety of tools, techniques and methods. Participants will reflect, analyze, and evaluate their work with others and by doing so will learn how their designs can become more communicative, efficient, and foster innovation through out the design process. The Space Planning and Organizational Research group (http://***/sporg/info/) at the Massachusetts Institute of technology and the User Centered Design group at Danfoss have provided research and material for this tutorial.

关键词： Cost reduction

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Bayanihan: Web-based volunteer computing using java 2nd

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2nd International Conference on Worldwide Computing and Its Applications, WWCA 1998

作者： Sarmenta, Luis F. G. MIT Laboratory for Computer Science Computer Architecture Group 545 Technology Square CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540642161

This paper presents and discusses the idea of Web-based volunteer computing, which allows people to cooperate in solving a large parallel problem by using standard Web browsers to volunteer their computers’ processing power. Because volunteering requires no prior human contact and very little technical knowledge, it becomes very easy to build very large volunteer computing networks. At its full potential, volunteer computing can make it possible to build world-wide massively parallel computing networks more powerful than any supercomputer. Even on a smaller, more practical scale, volunteer computing can be used within companies or institutions to provide supercomputer-like facilities by harnessing the computing power of existing workstations. Many interesting variations are possible, including networks of information appliances (N01 As), paid volunteer systems, and barter trade of compute cycles. In this paper, we discuss these possibilities, and identify several issues that will need to be addressed in order to successfully implement them. We also present an overview of the current work being done in the Bayanihan volunteer computing project. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Supercomputers

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