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Physical Review A 2021年第4期104卷 043702-043702页

作者： Rui Asaoka Yuuki Tokunaga Rina Kanamoto Hayato Goto Takao Aoki Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino 180-8585 Japan Department of Physics Meiji University Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan Corporate Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Kanagawa 212-8582 Japan Department of Applied Physics Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan

We analyze the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation with atom-atom gates based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) mediated by a photon with a finite pulse length. For short photon pulses, the distorted shape of the reflected pulses from the cQED system is a serious error source. In the previous study by Goto and Ichimura [Phys. Rev. A 82, 032311 (2010)], only the photon loss is minimized without considering the shape distortion to optimize the system parameters. Here we show an improved optimization method to minimize the infidelity due to the shape distortion and the photon losses in a well-balanced manner for the fault-tolerant scheme using probabilistic gates [Phys. Rev. A 80, 040303(R) (2009)]. Under this optimization, we discuss the fault-tolerant quantum computing requirement for short pulses. Finally, we show that reducing the cavity length is an effective way to reduce the errors of this type of gate in the case of short photon pulses.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Quantum error correction Quantum gates

Gaussian-wave-packet model for single-photon generation based on cavity quantum electrodynamics under adiabatic and nonadiabatic conditions

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Utsugi, Takeru Goban, Akihisa Tokunaga, Yuuki Goto, Hayato Aoki, Takao Department of Applied Physics Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Computer & Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino180-8585 Japan Corporate Research & Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kanagawa Kawasaki212-8582 Japan

For single-photon generation based on cavity quantum electrodynamics, we investigate a practical model assuming a Gaussian wavepacket. This model makes it possible to comprehensively analyze the temporal dynamics of an atom-cavity system with both adiabatic and nonadiabatic conditions using analytical expressions. These results enable us to clarify the relationship between pulse width and maximum success probability, over the full range of coupling regimes. We demonstrate how to achieve a high success probability while keeping a short pulse width by optimizing the cavity transmittance parameter and the time-controlled exexternal field. Our formulations provide a practical tool for efficient single-photon generation in a wide variety of experimental platforms. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electron beams

Deep learning based Identification of Solid Waste Management in Smart Cities through Garbage Separation and Monitoring

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Deep learning based Identification of Solid Waste Management...

International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA)

作者： Abin George Sham H. Mankar N V S Suryanarayana Manish Gupta R Sathish A Priya Knowledge and technology management Division Council of Scientific & Industrial Research National Aerospace Laboratories Bangaluru Karnataka India Department of Mechanical Engineering Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering and Research Pune Maharashtra India Administrative Officer Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram Andhra Pradesh India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India Department of Computer Science Shri Nehru Maha Vidayala College of Arts and Science Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India School of Architecture Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation Gundur Andhra Pradesh India

The solid waste management is the process of proper decomposition of waste materials within a period of time. This includes the collection of garbage's and then proceeded through certain measures for decomposition. There are various methods adopted in the garbage separation process. This includes the artificial intelligence techniques for the estimation and determination of the solid waste through automatic detection and separation of the garbage waste using control and sensing units. They are integrated with the internet of things to enable the two way communication system. This helps to visualize the functioning of the system adopting the digital platform. The proposed system is implemented through the smart dust bin held in every household that automatically senses the non-biodegradable and biodegradable waste materials. The classification of the waste materials are identified through the image processing techniques.

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Pervasive Wireless Channel Modeling Theory and Applications to 6G GBSMs for All Frequency Bands and All Scenarios

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Cheng-Xiang Lv, Zhen Gao, Xiqi You, Xiaohu Hao, Yang Haas, Harald The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The LiFi Research and Development Center Department Electronic and Electrical Engineering The University of Strathclyde GlasgowG1 1XQ United Kingdom

In this paper, a pervasive wireless channel modeling theory is first proposed, which uses a unified channel modeling method and a unified equation of channel impulse response (CIR), and can integrate important channel characteristics at different frequency bands and scenarios. Then, we apply the proposed theory to a three dimensional (3D) space-time-frequency (STF) non-stationary geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for the sixth generation (6G) wireless communication systems. The proposed 6G pervasive channel model (6GPCM) can characterize statistical properties of channels at all frequency bands from sub-6 GHz to visible light communication (VLC) bands and all scenarios such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), maritime, (ultra-)massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), and industry Internet of things (IIoT) scenarios. By adjusting channel model parameters, the 6GPCM can be reduced to various simplified channel models for specific frequency bands and scenarios. Also, it includes standard fifth generation (5G) channel models as special cases. In addition, key statistical properties of the proposed 6GPCM are derived, simulated, and verified by various channel measurement results, which clearly demonstrates its accuracy, pervasiveness, and applicability. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stochastic systems

Requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation with cavity-QED-based atom-atom gates mediated by a photon with a finite pulse length

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Asaoka, Rui Tokunaga, Yuuki Kanamoto, Rina Goto, Hayato Aoki, Takao Computer and Data Science Laboratories NTT Corporation Musashino180-8585 Japan Department of Physics Meiji University Kanagawa Kawasaki214-8571 Japan Corporate Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Kanagawa Kawasaki212-8582 Japan Department of Applied Physics Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan

We analyze the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation with atom-atom gates based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) mediated by a photon with a finite pulse length. For short photon pulses, the distorted shape of the reflected pulses from the cQED system is a serious error source. In the previous study by Goto and Ichimura [Phys. Rev. A 82, 032311 (2010)], only the photon loss is minimized without considering the shape distortion to optimize the system parameters. Here we show an improved optimization method to minimize the infidelity due to the shape distortion and the photon losses in a well-balanced manner for the fault-tolerant scheme using probabilistic gates [Phys. Rev. A 80, 040303(R) (2009)]. Under this optimization, we discuss the FTQC requirement for short pulses. Finally, we show that reducing the cavity length is an effective way to reduce the errors of this type of gate in the case of short photon pulses. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

In silico identification of chemical compounds in Spondias mombin targeting aldose reductase and glycogen synthase kinase 3β to abate diabetes mellitus

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Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2023年 36卷

作者： Ajiboye, B.O. Fagbola, T.M. Folorunso, I.M. Salami, A.W. Aletile, O.N. Akomolede, B.A. Ayemoni, F.I. Akinfemiwa, K.I. Anwo, V.O. Ojeleke, M.I. Oyinloye, B.E. Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory Department of Biochemistry Federal University Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Institute of Drug Research and Development SE Bogoro Center Afe Babalola University PMB 5454 Ado 360001 Ekiti Nigeria Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Federal University Oye-Ekiti PMB 373 Oye Ekiti Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Phytomedicine Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories Department of Biochemistry College of Sciences Afe Babalola University PMB 5454 Ado-Ekiti 360001 Nigeria Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Zululand KwaDlangezwa 3886 South Africa

Aldose reductase and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) represent two of the ideal drug targets in diabetes due to their role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Studies have shown that plant compounds provide therapeutics in diabetes management. This study identified some compounds in S. mombin as dual inhibitors of aldose reductase and GSK3β. S. mombin compounds (n = 100) were docked with both aldose reductase and GSK3β;and the nine top scoring compounds were identified. The plant compounds were further investigated with MM-GBSA, ADME, HOMO/LUMO and constructed QSAR model to determine its stability with the targets, evaluate its drug-likeness, identify reactive molecules and predict its bioactivities against the proteins. The results show that the nine-top scoring compounds (Quercetin, Catechin, Ellagic acid, Tangeretin, Estradiol, Epicatechin, linalool, 2-Nitroethyl benzene, and Eugenol) attained stability with the proteins, and they also demonstrated excellent drug-like and pharmacokinetic characteristics, which qualifies them as drug candidates. The results identified linalool as the most reactive compound and Catechin as the most chemically inert molecules among the leads. The constructed QSAR model validated the molecular docking results by predicting satisfactory biological activities of the plant compounds against both targets. Although, the current findings have identified S. mombin compounds as dual inhibitors of aldose reductase and GSK3β, experimental studies are ongoing to validate the findings made by this study. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Aldose reductase Diabetes Drug candidate Drug discovery Glycogen synthase 3β Molecular docking

On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies and Testbeds

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Cheng-Xiang You, Xiaohu Gao, Xiqi Zhu, Xiuming Li, Zixin Zhang, Chuan Wang, Haiming Huang, Yongming Chen, Yunfei Haas, Harald Thompson, John S. Larsson, Erik G. Di Renzo, Marco Tong, Wen Zhu, Peiying Shen, Xuemin Poor, H. Vincent Hanzo, Lajos The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The School of Information Science and Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Pervasive Communication Research Center Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The School of Engineering The University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom The LiFi Research and Development Center Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde GlasgowG1 1XQ United Kingdom The Institute for Digital Communications School of Engineering University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JL United Kingdom Linköping University Linköping581 83 Sweden Université Paris-Saclay CNRS CentraleSupélec Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes 3 Rue Joliot-Curie Gif-sur-Yvette91192 France The Wireless Advanced System and Competency Centre HUAWEI Technologies Co. Ltd. OttawaONK2K 3J1 Canada HUAWEI Technologies Canada Co. Ltd. OttawaONK2K 3J1 Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States The School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems have entered the stage of commercial development, providing users with new services and improved user experiences as well as offering a host of novel opportunities to various industries. However, 5G still faces many challenges. To address these challenges, international industrial, academic, and standards organizations have commenced research on sixth generation (6G) wireless communication systems. A series of white papers and survey papers have been published, which aim to define 6G in terms of requirements, application scenarios, key technologies, etc. Although ITU-R has been working on the 6G vision and it is expected to reach a consensus on what 6G will be by mid-2023, the related global discussions are still wide open and the existing literature has identified numerous open issues. This paper first provides a comprehensive portrayal of the 6G vision, technical requirements, and application scenarios, covering the current common understanding of 6G. Then, a critical appraisal of the 6G network architecture and key technologies is presented. Furthermore, existing testbeds and advanced 6G verification platforms are detailed for the first time. In addition, future research directions and open challenges are identified for stimulating the on-going global debate. Finally, lessons learned to date concerning 6G networks are discussed. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Network architecture

Remote epitaxy and freestanding wide bandgap semiconductor membrane technology

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Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering 2024年 680-689页

作者： Minseong Park Yongmin Baek Kyusang Lee Takuji Maekawa Kyungwook Hwang Youngtek Oh Jim Cable Watanabe Noriyuki Kisik Choi Young-Kyun Noh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Future Semiconductor Business Charlottesville VA USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA ROHM Research and Development Headquarters ROHM Co. Ltd Kyoto Japan Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon South Korea NTT Device Technology Laboratories NTT Corporation Atsugi Kanagawa Japan IBM Research Albany NY USA IVWorks Co. Ltd Daejeon South Korea

The emergence of artificial intelligence, big data processing, electrical vehicle technologies and so on necessitates a new approach to address the scaling, power efficiency and performance challenges of silicon (Si)-based technology beyond Moore’s law. As a complementary technology, wide bandgap semiconductors, including GaN and SiC, have attracted great attention owing to their unique features of high carrier mobility and high breakdown voltages. However, there are still limitations for widespread applications of wide bandgap semiconductors including scalability, high production cost and thermal management. To overcome these barriers, remote epitaxy and 2D layer transfer technology have been introduced and are in the process of being industrialized to produce single-crystalline semiconductor-based freestanding membranes. In this Perspective, we present the status and challenges for manufacturing GaN and SiC membranes based on remote epitaxy technology that offers significant advantages via wafer reuse and high-quality freestanding epilayer production. We also discuss how industrialization of advanced membrane technology can benefit numerous applications, including heterogeneously integrated circuits, power and radiofrequency systems.

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Noise Estimation and Type Identification in Natural Scene and Medical Images using Deep Learning Approaches

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Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2023年第1期2023卷

作者： G. Kavitha Chetana Prakash Majid Alhomrani N. Pradeep Abdulhakeem S. Alamri Piyush Kumar Pareek Musah Alhassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology Davangere 577004 Karnataka Indiabietdvg.edu Department of Computer Science and Engineering University BDT College of Engineering Davangere 577004 Karnataka *** Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Taif University Taif Saudi Arabiatu.edu.sa Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR) Deanship of Scientific Research Taif University Taif Saudi Arabiatu.edu.sa Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Head of IPR Cell Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Bengaluru Indianmit.ac.in University for Development Studies Tamale Ghanauds.edu.gh

The image enhancement for the natural images is the vast field where the quality of the images degrades based on the capturing and processing methods employed by the capturing devices. Based on noise type and estimation of noise, filter need to be adopted for enhancing the quality of the image. In the same manner, the medical field also needs some filtering mechanism to reduce the noise and detection of the disease based on the clarity of the image captured; in accordance with it, the preprocessing steps play a vital role to reduce the burden on the radiologist to make the decision on presence of disease. Based on the estimated noise and its type, the filters are selected to delete the unwanted signals from the image. Hence, identifying noise types and denoising play an important role in image analysis. The proposed framework addresses the noise estimation and filtering process to obtain the enhanced images. This paper estimates and detects the noise types, namely Gaussian, motion artifacts, Poisson, salt-andpepper, and speckle noises. Noise is estimated by using discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). This separates the image into quadruple sub-bands. Noise and HH sub-band are high-frequency components. HH sub-band also has vertical edges. These vertical edges are removed by performing Hadamard operation on downsampled Sobel edge-detected image and HH sub-band. Using HH sub-band after removing vertical edges is considered for estimating the noise. The Rician energy equation is used to estimate the noise. This is given as input for Artificial Neural Network to improve the estimated noise level. For identifying noise type, CNN is used. After removing vertical edges, the HH sub-band is given to the CNN model for classification. The classification accuracy results of identifying noise type are 100% on natural images and 96.3% on medical images.

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Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 5-78页

作者： Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin (Sherman) SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik G.LARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO H.Vincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing Technology (SHIFT) ShanghaiTech University Research Center for Network Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) China Mobile Research Institute School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC) University of Technology Sydney School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Manchester LiFi Research and Development Centre Institute for Digital CommunicationsSchool of EngineeringThe University of Edinburgh Huawei Technologies Canada Co. Ltd. Huawei Technologies Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY) Link?ping University Institute of Electronics Communications & Information Technology (ECIT)Queen's University Belfast State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 5G Innovation Centre University of Surrey Princeton University Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Technische Universit?t Dresden Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)

The fifth generation(5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation(6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6GHz, millimeter wave(mmWave), terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable f

关键词： 6G vision network architecture air interface and transmission technologies space-air-ground-sea integrated network all spectra artificial intelligence network security