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Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Data

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第15期84卷 15271-15292页

作者： Rakshit, Pranati Sarkar, Pronit Roy, Shubhankar Department of Computer Science and Engineering JIS College of Engineering Nadia Kalyani India

Social media is nowadays a vital platform where people can share their feelings about any incident, product, or any issue. Twitter is one of those platforms which are very popular. If we must make use of this to extract some information and to use that to make recommendation systems, to know the mental status of any person or to find the review, we have to perform the sentiment analysis of those tweets. Recently, deep learning approaches emerged as powerful computational models that discover intricate semantic representations of texts automatically from data without feature engineering. This present work discusses how to find the sentiments from a stream of tweets from the twitter, blogging site subjected to pre-processing and classification supported on emotion of the subject matter as "POSITIVE" or "NEGATIVE". We have used a twitter dataset of 1.6 million data consisting of general tweets on various domains with 800,000 POSITIVE and 800,000 NEGATIVE sentiments. We have developed 3 models with Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Bi-directional RNN, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Our work focuses on the way which will help us to understand the basic sentiment of people which they want to express by their tweets, comment, or blogs. We have obtained highest accuracy of 83.50%, F1 score of 84.60% from our model with LSTM architecture in analysing the sentiment. LSTMs are specifically designed to address the vanishing gradient problem that occurs in traditional RNNs when learning long-term dependencies. In sentiment analysis, understanding the sentiment of a tweet may require capturing dependencies between words that are spread across a potentially long sequence. LSTMs are better at retaining and utilizing information over extended sequences. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Silver Lining in the Fake News Cloud: Can Large Language Models Help Detect Misinformation?

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第1期6卷 14-24页

作者： Kumar, Raghvendra Goddu, Bhargav Saha, Sriparna Jatowt, Adam Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Patna801106 India University of Innsbruck Department of Computer Science Innsbruck6020 Austria

In the times of advanced generative artificial intelligence, distinguishing truth from fallacy and deception has become a critical societal challenge. This research attempts to analyze the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for detecting misinformation. Our study employs a versatile approach, covering multiple LLMs with few- and zero-shot prompting. These models are rigorously evaluated across various fake news and rumor detection datasets. Introducing a novel dimension, we additionally incorporate sentiment and emotion annotations to understand the emotional influence on misinformation detection using LLMs. Moreover, to extend our inquiry, we employ ChatGPT to intentionally distort authentic news as well as human-written fake news, utilizing zero-shot and iterative prompts. This deliberate corruption allows for a detailed examination of various parameters such as abstractness, concreteness, and named entity density, providing insights into differentiating between unaltered news, human-written fake news, and its LLM-corrupted counterpart. Our findings aspire to furnish a refined framework for discerning authentic news, human-generated misinformation, and LLM-induced distortions. This multifaceted approach, utilizing various prompt techniques, contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the subtle variations shaping misinformation sources. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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AGBUNet: an enhanced CNN-UNET architecture for the prediction of above ground biomass using deep learning

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第5期37卷 3809-3826页

作者： Arumai Shiney, S. Geetha, R. Department of Computer Science and Engineering S.A. Engineering College Chennai India

Accurate prediction of above ground biomass (AGB) is critical for monitoring forest health and carbon cycling. It is crucial for understanding and managing forest ecosystems. In this paper, we propose an enhanced framework combining convolutional neural network (CNN) and UNet, termed AGBUNet, specifically designed for predicting AGB using remote sensing data. The framework consists of separate CNNs for processing each type of image, whose outputs are subsequently fused in a UNet architecture to enhance prediction accuracy. These modifications include customized convolutional layers, advanced preprocessing techniques, and a novel integration of data prompts from separate Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 image processing streams. The AGBUNet integrates Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images to leverage complementary information from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical sensors. This study underscores the potential of the AGBUNet model for enhancing biomass estimation from remote sensing data, contributing to better forest management and ecological monitoring. The performance measures obtained are compared with the other models, and the following results are obtained as follows for MSE value of 298.25, RMSE value of 15.27 and MAE value of 12.21, and the values are satisfying compared with earlier benchmarks. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Patient Questionnaires Based Parkinson’s Disease Classification Using Artificial Neural Network

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Annals of Data science 2024年第5期11卷 1821-1864页

作者： Das, Tarakashar Mobassirin, Sabrina Hossain, Syed Md. Minhaz Das, Aka Sen, Anik Kamal, Khaleque Md. Aashiq Deb, Kaushik Department of Computer Science and Engineering Premier University Chattogram Chattogram4000 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram4349 Bangladesh

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most prevalent and harmful neurodegenerative conditions (PD). Even today, PD diagnosis and monitoring remain pricy and inconvenient processes. With the unprecedented progress of artificial intelligence algorithms, there is an opportunity to develop a cost-effective system for diagnosing PD at an earlier stage. No permanent remedy has been established yet;however, an earlier diagnosis helps lead a better life. Probably, the three most responsible categories of symptoms for Parkinson’s Disease are tremors, rigidity, and body bradykinesia. Therefore, we investigate the 53 unique features of the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative dataset to determine the significant symptoms, including three major categories. As feature selection is integral to developing a generalized model, we investigate including and excluding feature selection. Four feature selection methods are incorporated—low variance filter, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, principle component analysis, and Chi-square test. Furthermore, we utilize machine learning, ensemble learning, and artificial neural networks (ANN) for classification. Experimental evidence shows that not all symptoms are equally important, but no symptom can be completely eliminated. However, our proposed ANN model attains the best mean accuracy of 99.51%, 98.17% mean specificity, 0.9830 mean Kappa Score, 0.99 mean AUC, and 99.70% mean F1-score with all the features. The efficiency of our suggested technique on diverse data modalities is demonstrated by comparison with recent publications. Finally, we established a trade-off between classification time and accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Neural networks

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An optimized deep network-based intermediate code generation for the mathematical expression

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第17期84卷 18327-18350页

作者： Sharada, H.N. Anami, Basavaraj Allagi, Shridhar Department of Computer Science & Engineering SDM College of Engineering and Technology Karnataka Dharwad580002 India Department of Computer Science & Engineering KLE Institute of Technology Karnataka Hubli580030 India

In recent times, the system's mathematical expression and operation have gained greater reach in engineering and mathematics. It is vital to solving more complex expressions and equations in a short time. The most existing methodology was degraded in the recognition performance and provided inaccurate output. Therefore, a novel Squirrel-based Spiking Neural Model (SbSNM) was presented for the intermediate code generation from the mathematical expression relation data. Initially, the input ME relation data was preprocessed to remove noise and tokenized by the spiking neural features. The tokenized expressions were arranged into a syntax tree structure, and then intermediate code was generated by the squirrel functions. Finally, the differentiation was calculated and given as output. Subsequently, the performance parameters were evaluated for the presented SbSNM. The overall accuracy obtained by the presented model is 99.25% which is higher than the other existing techniques and also brought a higher precision and recall rate and f1-score. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Neural networks

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ResdenseNet: a lightweight dense ResNet enhanced with depthwise separable convolutions and its applications for early plant disease classification

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第8期37卷 6305-6326页

作者： Nagpal, Jyoti Goel, Lavika Department of Computer Science & Engineering The NorthCap University Gurugram122017 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India

In recent years, artificial intelligence has undergone robust development, leading to the emergence of numerous autonomous AI applications. However, a crucial challenge lies in optimizing computational efficiency and reducing training time while maintaining high accuracy with limited hardware resources. This paper introduces ResdenseNet, a model built upon the MobileNet, DenseNet, and ResNet architectures. ResdenseNet combines dense blocks and residual blocks from the DenseNet and ResNet architectures. In these dense blocks, the standard convolutional units are replaced by depthwise separable convolutional units, a significant part of the MobileNet architecture. The experimental outcomes are contrasted with established models and their iterations, including ResNet-50, ResNet-101, MobileNet-V1, MobileNet-V2, DenseNet-121, and DenseNet-169. The proposed model is tested on benchmark and proposed datasets, showcasing its efficiency in reducing computations and accelerating the training process. Emphasizing hyperparameter importance, ResdenseNet, optimized with a growth rate of 64, 6 layers, and ReLU activation, achieves an accuracy of (98.73%) and a F1-score of (98.20%) on the wheat and barley dataset. The results indicate that ResdenseNet significantly decreases the number of parameters to 0.72M and efficiently shortens training time to 5983.54 s. Particularly noteworthy is ResdenseNet’s superiority over other models in terms of having the fewest parameters, the shortest training time, and the highest accuracy, especially when dealing with wheat, barley, and maize datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Plant diseases

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An improved multi-scale convolutional neural network with gated recurrent neural network model for protein secondary structure prediction

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第24期36卷 15063-15074页

作者： Bongirwar, Vrushali Mokhade, A.S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management Nagpur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology Nagpur India

Protein structure prediction is one of the main research areas in the field of Bio-informatics. The importance of proteins in drug design attracts researchers for finding the accurate tertiary structure of the protein which is dependent on its secondary structure. In this paper, we focus on improving the accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction. To do so, a Multi-scale convolutional neural network with a Gated recurrent neural network (MCNN-GRNN) is proposed. The novel amino acid encoding method along with layered convolutional neural network and Gated recurrent neural network blocks helps to retrieve local and global relationships between features, which in turn effectively classify the input protein sequence into 3 and 8 states. We have evaluated our algorithm on CullPDB, CB513, PDB25, CASP10, CASP11, CASP12, CASP13, and CASP14 datasets. We have compared our algorithm with different state-of-the-art algorithms like DCNN-SS, DCRNN, MUFOLD-SS, DLBLS_SS, and CGAN-PSSP. The Q3 accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 82–87% and Q8 accuracy is 69–77% on different datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Impact of oxymoron features and deep learning techniques in the detection of sarcastic contents

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 9197-9207页

作者： Seethappan, K. Premalatha, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Tamilnadu Ramanathapuram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Sathyamangalam India

Even though various features have been investigated in the detection of figurative language, oxymoron features have not been considered in the classification of sarcastic content. The main objective of this work is to present a system that can automatically classify sarcastic phrases in multi-domain data. This multi-domain dataset consisting of 67850 sarcastic and non-sarcastic data is collected from various websites to identify sarcastic or non-sarcastic utterances. Multiple approaches are examined in this work to improve sarcasm identification: 1. A Combination of fasttext embedding, syntactic, semantic, lexical n-gram, and oxymoron features 2. TF-IDF feature weighting scheme 3. Three machine learning algorithms (SVM, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, and Random Forest), three deep learning algorithms (CNN, LSTM, MLP), and one ensemble model (CNN + LSTM) The CNN + LSTM model achieves a Precision of 91.32%, Recall of 92.85%, F-Score of 92.08%, accuracy of 92.01%, and Kappa of 0.84 by combining the fasttext embedding, bigram, syntactic, semantic, and oxymoron features with TF-IDF method. These experimental results show CNN + LSTM with a combination of all features outperforms the other algorithms in classifying the sarcasm in both datasets. The sarcasm classification performance of our dataset and another sarcasm news dataset was compared while applying the above model. © 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Syntactics

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Effective Supervision for Enhancing Quality of Doctoral Research in computer science and engineering

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SN computer science 2023年第5期4卷 678页

作者： Malekian, Reza Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Malmö University Malmö 205 06 Sweden Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Pretoria 0083 South Africa

This article reflects on effective supervision and possible guidance for enhancing quality of doctoral research in the computer science and engineering field. The aims of this study are (1) to understand supervision and the role of supervisors in the quality of doctoral research, (2) to elaborate on effective supervision in the computer science and engineering field and challenges in effective supervision, and (3) to identify key indicators for evaluating effective supervision with a view to improving the quality of doctoral research. After studying various pieces of literature and conducting interviews with experienced supervisors and doctoral students, the article concludes by describing important characteristics in effective supervision. Some of the features for effective supervision are common to other areas of research;however, in computer science and engineering and similar fields, it is important that a supervisor takes the role of a team member by giving proper advice on the reports, algorithm and mathematical modeling developed in the research, and demonstrating the ability to provide advice on complex problems with practical approaches. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： computer science and engineering Doctoral research Doctoral students Effective supervision Quality Supervisor

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Enhanced DDoS Detection Using Advanced Machine Learning and Ensemble Techniques in Software Defined Networking

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 3003-3031页

作者： Hira Akhtar Butt Khoula Said Al Harthy Mumtaz Ali Shah Mudassar Hussain Rashid Amin Mujeeb Ur Rehman Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologySialkot51040Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies Global College of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat2546Sultanate of Oman Department of Computer Science University of WahWah Cantt47040Pakistan Department of Computer Science and IT University of ChakwalChakwal48800Pakistan

Detecting sophisticated cyberattacks,mainly Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks,with unexpected patterns remains challenging in modern *** detection systems often struggle to mitigate such attacks in conventional and software-defined networking(SDN)*** Machine Learning(ML)models can distinguish between benign and malicious traffic,their limited feature scope hinders the detection of new zero-day or low-rate DDoS attacks requiring frequent *** this paper,we propose a novel DDoS detection framework that combines Machine Learning(ML)and Ensemble Learning(EL)techniques to improve DDoS attack detection and mitigation in SDN *** model leverages the“DDoS SDN”dataset for training and evaluation and employs a dynamic feature selection mechanism that enhances detection accuracy by focusing on the most relevant *** adaptive approach addresses the limitations of conventional ML models and provides more accurate detection of various DDoS attack *** proposed ensemble model introduces an additional layer of detection,increasing reliability through the innovative application of ensemble *** proposed solution significantly enhances the model’s ability to identify and respond to dynamic threats in *** provides a strong foundation for proactive DDoS detection and mitigation,enhancing network defenses against evolving *** comprehensive runtime analysis of Simultaneous Multi-Threading(SMT)on identical configurations shows superior accuracy and efficiency,with significantly reduced computational time,making it ideal for real-time DDoS detection in dynamic,rapidly changing *** results demonstrate that our model achieves outstanding performance,outperforming traditional algorithms with 99%accuracy using Random Forest(RF)and K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)and 98%accuracy using XGBoost.

关键词： Table 1(continued)OSI layer Possible DDoS attack Data link MAC Address Flooding Physical Cable disconnection JaMMING physical impersonation

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