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The 1st Session of 2014 Workshop of Pakistan Academy of Sciences

作者： M.A.Hussain Shaheen Abbas M.R.K.Ansari Asma Zaffar Bulbul Jan Institute of Business and Technology Mathematical Sciences Research Centre Federal Urdu University of Arts Sciences & Technology Department of Mathematics Sir Syed University of Engineering

This communication attempts to analyze karachi coastal area(Paradise Point 24.84 o E, 66.77 o N)) for an understanding of underlying probability distribution. It has been found that at this site the annual wind speed at a height of 30 meters remains very close to 7 m/s whereas at a height of 61 meters the wind speed reaches to 9 m/s. Moreover, the wind mostly remains directed towards southwest. Furthermore, the annual average wind speed follows Weibull distribution and the annual average wind speed goes on increasing with the passage of time. Maximum energy together with the energy density for different values of the wind mill blade diameters is also calculated. Our analysis shows that the wind speed is increasing as a consequence of global climate change. Though the global climate change has created many threats to the humanity by influencing the local urban microclimate but the positive aspect of this finding is that the increase in wind speed will increase the feasibility and economic viability of the construction of wind farms near karachi coast and offshore. Of course these calculations will be useful for urban and energy planners.

关键词： Global warming,karachi Nuclear Power Complex(KNPC),maximum likelihood(ML),cumulative distribution function(cdf)

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Artificial neural network based electrocardiography analyzer

Artificial neural network based electrocardiography analyzer

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2013 3rd IEEE International Conference on computer, Control and Communication, IC4 2013

作者： Mehdi, Bushra Khan, Tahmina Ali, Zain Anwar Electronic Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467358859

At the present scenario, one of the main reasons of death is cardiovascular related diseases. This project proposes a system to help the doctor to detect cardiac arrhythmia. The techniques used in this pattern recognition comprise: signal pre-processing, filter design analysis and neural network toolboxes in Matlab environment. Normal and disease ECG signals have been tested by using recordings obtained from the Massachusetts Institute of technology Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) arrhythmia database. Supervised Radial Basis Function (RBF) network architecture is used for filtration, extraction of morphological features of ECG signal and for classification of abnormal cardiac conditions. Different threshold techniques were implemented for best detection of fudicial points on the derivative of the filtered ECG signal through signal processing. All fudicial points and intervals extracted were learned to the RBF network for extraction of features through the overall record which is further processed to ANN for classification. The designed network gives very minimum error in terms of 10-15. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Proposed implementable model of computer interfaced electrocardiogram (ECG) module

Proposed implementable model of computer interfaced electroc...

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4th International Conference on the Development of Biomedical engineering in Vietnam

作者： Ateeq, Ijlal Shahrukh Muzammil Khan, Kamranhameed Khalid, Junaid Ali, Muhammad Department of Biomedical Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642321825

Electrocardiogram measurement plays a fundamental role for the finding and monitoring of a variety of cardiac problems. In this investigational study we considered three lead computer interface ECG module with PIC Controller, based on the Einthoven's triangle technique. Our developed ECG module operates on bipolar limb lead arrangement and a particular gold plated switch is used for leads selection with the intention to reduce contact noises. LAB WINDOWS software is used to display a real time ECG signal that supports us to evaluate heart rate and PQRST amplitudes. Our investigational outcome illustrates 80% - 90 % precision as compared to conventional ECG machine, therefore it allowing an efficient ECG measurement regardless of artifacts. © 2013 IFMBE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Wireless fire security system for hospitals

Wireless fire security system for hospitals

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4th International Conference on the Development of Biomedical engineering in Vietnam

作者： Hameed, Kamran Muzammil Khan, Muhammad Shahrukh Ateeq, I. Khan, Arsalan Ali, Muhammad Department of Biomedical Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642321825

Fire security system always provides high security against fire. Conventional fire security systems are wired and they usually contain smoke detectors and control panel. The control panel is sometimes hard to operate. Not everyone can understand the use of the control panel. In hospitals and other health care institutions very expensive equipments are normally installed. So each and every organization needs proper insurance and safety for their equipments and patients. Normally fire is detected using smoke detectors, but after detecting the fire the operator or the user should know the exact place of fire in the organization. We have introduced a system that will detect and show the exact place of wire (for example in floor or any room). It is basically two channel device that can detect fire or on rooms or floors. This system is very easy to operate and it also operates on RF signals. Everyone can easily operate its portable receiver. Wireless fire security system for hospitals is also very low cost device. It is the best way to insure the proper safety against fire. The major problem of third world countries is electricity or energy, this fire security system has the solution of this problem. This security system can be operated on both AC as well as on rechargeable DC batteries. The DC batteries can operate all the seven smoke detectors attached through each transmitter. The battery is also very cheap and easy to access in local places. All the components of this fire security system are easily available. It is the best fire security device at low cost. © 2013 IFMBE.

关键词： Hospitals

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Characterization of X-ray sensors and io monitor device testing for primary and secondary intensities measurement

Characterization of X-ray sensors and io monitor device test...

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4th International Conference on the Development of Biomedical engineering in Vietnam

作者： Siddiqui, Rafay Mehmood Ahad, Inam Ul Zehra, syedah Sadaf Anurag Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Karachi Pakistan Furtwangen University of Applied Sciences Mechanical and Process Engineering Villingen Schwenningen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642321825

This study is an attempt to characterize the specially designed x-ray sensors for the predesigned x-ray intensity monitoring device by evaluating their linearity and sensitivity. Two different sensors are designed using S8559 and S8193 photodiodes from Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan. These photodiodes coupled with Cesium Iodide (CsI) scintillator are used to convert x-ray intensities into variable voltage signals. The linearity and sensitivity of the two sensors are evaluated by finding the operating range of sensors under the same conditions and parameters. This has been accomplished by varying x-ray tube voltage and current and by varying position of sensor from fixed source (x-ray tube). The term sensors characterization indicates investigation of x-ray sensors behavior. For this purpose some experiments are developed in which x-ray sensor and x-ray Io device are examined. Computed Tomography (CT 500) machine which is used in Non Destructive Testing of objects generates the primary and secondary x-ray intensities. © 2013 IFMBE.

关键词： Photodiodes

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Cooperative Vehicle-to-Vehicle Awareness Messages Implementation

Cooperative Vehicle-to-Vehicle Awareness Messages Implementa...

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1st International Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks for Developing Countries, WSN4DC 2013

作者： de Cózar, Virginia Poncela, Javier Aguilera, Marina Aamir, Muhammad Chowdhry, Bhawani Shankar ETSI Telecomunicacion University of Malaga E-29071 Spain IoBM Karachi Pakistan Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642410536

Wireless technologies are bringing about a new conception on transport systems. New technologies provide support for increased security, reduced congestion thus optimizing the already existing road network and better mobility support. The standard CAM (Cooperative Awareness Messages) is one of the components of the reference architecture defined by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) for transmitting geographically aware information with relevant date for other vehicles. This work addresses the development of a collaborative environment that demonstrates the use and effectiveness of CAM messages based on standard ETSI EN 302 665 [12]. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.

关键词： Vehicles

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Temporal masking in no reference mode using motion vectors analysis

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ICIC Express Letters 2013年第11期7卷 2913-2920页

作者： Qadri, Muhammad Tahir Woods, John Tan, Kwee Teck Ghanbari, Muhammad Electronic Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Main University Road Karachi 75300 Pakistan School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Wivenhoe Park Colchester CO4 3SQ United Kingdom School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Singapore Polytechnic No. 500 Dover Road Singapore 139651 Singapore

For video sequences, the visibility of distortion depends upon the motion present in the video, as the temporal activity can mask the distortion. For videos with high temporal activity, the blockiness will be more disturbing compared with the same amount of blockiness in videos with less temporal motion. Hence, the distortion needs to be masked according to the motion present in the video sequence. In this paper, we discuss different methods to apply temporal masking by employing the available motion vectors. The motion vectors, which contain the temporal activity of each frame, are first extracted from the H.264 decoder. We illustrate that motion vectors alone are not enough to estimate the motion present in the sequence. Hence we also use the standard deviation for motion masking. Temporal masking is applied in No Reference mode because in many applications it is not possible to obtain the complete reference video in order to obtain the video quality. It is also time consuming to process both reference and coded video sequences in full and reduced reference modes. The designed algorithm is tested on LIVE video database. The database includes the subjective score for each video sequence. A correlation coefficient of 88.21% is achieved when tested with our video quality meter. © 2013 ISSN 1881-803X.

关键词： Vectors

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Scheelite coupled photodiode X-ray sensor designing and characterization

Scheelite coupled photodiode X-ray sensor designing and char...

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4th International Conference on the Development of Biomedical engineering in Vietnam

作者： Ahad, Inam Ul Siddiqui, Rafay Mehmood Aklan, Bassim Zehra, syedah Sadaf Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Karachi Pakistan University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Institute of Medical Physics - Section for MR Imaging Nuremberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642321825

Efficient detection of un-attenuated and attenuated x-rays intensities is crucial to reconstruct 3D volume in a Computed Tomography (CT) machine employed for Non-Destructive Testing. In this study, an x-ray sensor is developed and characterized to be used with an existing X-ray Io device by evaluating its linearity and operating range. The sensor is developed by using Photodiode BPX61 from Siemens coupled with Sheelite (Calcium Tungstate [CaWO4]) scintillator. Sheelite illuminate by exposure of x-rays and BPX61 converts illuminated light into relative current signal. The current signal is amplified and for further processing transmitted to x-ray Io device virtual instrument which consist of a PIC microcontroller and a Personal computer (PC). As the x-ray intensity depend upon x-ray tube voltage and current, the linearity and operating range of developed sensor is evaluated by performing special experiments in which the two quantities (tube voltage and current) are accreting one at a time while keeping the other constant. Using normalized values obtained from Oscilloscope and HyperTerminal measurements, the conversion time error is observed and reduced thus increasing linear and operating regions. © 2013 IFMBE.

关键词： Personal computers

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Improving the quality of streaming video through dynamic chrominance adjustment

Improving the quality of streaming video through dynamic chr...

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International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT)

作者： Raheel Siddiqi Computer Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

Usage of streaming video over the Internet and mobile networks has become quite common due to its convenience and low cost. In all the uses of streaming video over networks that do not guarantee bandwidths, the major challenge is to maintain acceptable video viewing experience in case of a network congestion. This paper presents a technique that has the potential to solve this challenge, at least to a certain extent. The proposed technique dynamically adjusts the chrominance level of the video images to fit the available bandwidth. Analysis of the results indicates that dynamic chrominance adjustment does improve the viewing quality of the streaming video significantly.

关键词： Streaming media Bandwidth Switches Image color analysis Bit rate Image quality Real-time systems

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Energy efficient differential data aggregation in a dynamic cluster based WSN

Energy efficient differential data aggregation in a dynamic ...

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International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems

作者： Rabia Noor Enam Department of Computer Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467364034

A key aspect of collaboration systems, and therefore collaboration technologies is the ability to access concerned information in timely manner. The Internet of things (IoT) is being envisioned as the architecture of the future to assist in this regard. It will be created by combining sensing and communicating devices, which will provide data that can be analyzed and used to initiate automated actions. This structure of IoT has now given a new recognition to Wireless Sensor etworks (WS ) such that WS can be identified as the datacollecting component of the IoT. Efficient data collection from a large scale WS , with limited power supply, bandwidth and packet sizes, is a critical issue. One of the methods of data collection in a WS is through forming multiple clusters of the sensor nodes with one cluster head (CH) in each cluster. The objective of this work is to develop an energy efficient data collection environment for a large scale, randomly deployed cluster based wireless sensor networks by using a virtual grid based mechanism to localize the clusters and stabilize the cluster sizes in the network. This has been done as a precondition to implement the proposed differential data aggregation scheme for the spatially correlated data in a cluster.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Clustering algorithms Protocols Sensors Ad hoc networks Energy efficiency Encoding

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