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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第16期49卷 77-86页

作者： Dhanalakshmi, B. Tamije Selvy, P. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dr.N.G. P Institute of technology India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology India

The rapid advancement and proliferation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have led to an exponential increase in the volume of data generated continuously. Efficient classification of this streaming data is crucial for predicting system behaviors and enabling proactive decision-making. This research aims to extract actionable knowledge from the continuous data streams of CPS and predict their behavior using advanced supervised learning algorithms. The predictions facilitate timely interventions and necessary actions within the interconnected physical network. The background of this work lies in the intersection of CPS, machine learning, and data stream mining. Traditional batch processing methods are inadequate for real-time analysis of CPS data due to their inherent latency and computational inefficiency. This research employs state-of-the-art techniques for real-time data processing, including incremental learning, sliding window models, and ensemble methods tailored for streaming data. Our approach differs from existing works by focusing on a comprehensive framework that integrates real-time data ingestion, preprocessing, feature extraction, and model updating in a seamless pipeline. Unlike previous studies that often rely on static datasets and offline analysis, our method ensures continuous learning and adaptation to evolving data patterns. Comparative analysis with existing techniques demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy, latency, and scalability. Specifically, our models achieved an average classification accuracy of 92%, with a precision of 90%, recall of 89%, and an F1 score of 89.5%. These metrics indicate significant improvements over traditional batch processing methods, which typically lag in responsiveness and adaptability. This research provides a robust and efficient solution for the real-time classification of streaming data from CPS, enhancing the system's ability to predict behaviors and take necessary actions promptly. © 2025 Slov

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Advancing mental health detection in texts via multi-task learning with soft-parameter sharing transformers

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第5期37卷 3077-3110页

作者： Kodati, Dheeraj Tene, Ramakrishnudu Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Warangal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mahindra University Hyderabad India

In recent years, mental health issues have profoundly impacted individuals’ well-being, necessitating prompt identification and intervention. Existing approaches grapple with the complex nature of mental health, facing challenges like task interference, limited adaptability, and difficulty in capturing nuanced linguistic expressions indicative of various conditions. In response to these challenges, our research presents three novel models employing multi-task learning (MTL) to understand mental health behaviors comprehensively. These models encompass soft-parameter sharing-based long short-term memory with attention mechanism (SPS-LSTM-AM), SPS-based bidirectional gated neural networks with self-head attention mechanism (SPS-BiGRU-SAM), and SPS-based bidirectional neural network with multi-head attention mechanism (SPS-BNN-MHAM). Our models address diverse tasks, including detecting disorders such as bipolar disorder, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and panic in psychiatric texts, alongside classifying suicide or non-suicide-related texts on social media as auxiliary tasks. Emotion detection in suicide notes, covering emotions of abuse, blame, and sorrow, serves as the main task. We observe significant performance enhancement in the primary task by incorporating auxiliary tasks. Advanced encoder-building techniques, including auto-regressive-based permutation and enhanced permutation language modeling, are recommended for effectively capturing mental health contexts’ subtleties, semantic nuances, and syntactic structures. We present the shared feature extractor called shared auto-regressive for language modeling (S-ARLM) to capture high-level representations that are useful across tasks. Additionally, we recommend soft-parameter sharing (SPS) subtypes-fully sharing, partial sharing, and independent layer-to minimize tight coupling and enhance adaptability. Our models exhibit outstanding performance across various datasets, achieving accuracies of 96.9%, 97.

关键词： Multi-task learning

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Monitoring COVID-19 environment: a real-time facial mask detection using YOLO models

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2025年第1期41卷 1-18页

作者： Pandiyan, P. Thangaraj, Rajasekaran V, Balasubramanian V. K, Manavalasundaram S, Balakrishnan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nandha Engineering College Erode India Department of Information Technology Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Erode India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology Coimbatore India

Purpose: The rapid spread of COVID-19 has resulted in significant harm and impacted tens of millions of people globally. In order to prevent the transmission of the virus, individuals often wear masks as a protective measure for themselves and others. Coronavirus protection guidelines have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to WHO standards, COVID-19 can be prevented by wearing a mask in public places and congested regions. In these places, it is very difficult to personally check to see if people are wearing face masks or not. Methods: The objective of this research work is to build a powerful, efficient, and real-time approach for detecting people not wearing masks. Three cutting-edge object identification models, namely YOLOv4, Tiny-YOLOv4, and YOLOv5, are employed in this study for the identification of masked faces. Result: The proposed YOLOv5 model is evaluated using real-time images captured using a smartphone or tablet. The test images include both single and multiple people with and without masks. The YOLOv5 model achieved recognition accuracy of 88.90% with an average detection speed of 0.0316 s per image, whereas the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4 produced recognition accuracy of 82.24% and 74.80% with an average detection speed of 0.0530 s and 0.0541 s per image, respectively. Conclusion: The comparative performance suggests that the YOLOv5 model has a maximum recognition accuracy of 88.90% in face mask identification tasks compared to other models such as the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： COVID-19

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Implementation of ANN and response surface method for dual-fuel CI engine optimization and prediction using water infusion and biofuel

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-43页

作者： Pramanik, Sabyasachi Department of Computer Science & Engineering Haldia Institute of Technology Haldia India

In this study, tests were done to see what would happen if hydrogen (H2) and lemon grass oil (LO) were used for a lone-cylinder compression ignition engine as a partial diesel replacement. After starting the trial with pure diesel, the engine was modified to run on two fuels by adding H2 through the inlet pipe and LO as direct injection (DI) gasoline. In this study, the energy fraction of H2 ranged from 5 to 10%. A 3% volume mixture of water (W) and diesel-LO mixtures was used to study how NOX emissions were affected. Using a common back- transmission method, an Artificial Neural Network model was created to forecast the correlation between engine output reactions and input variables (load, LO, and H2). The goal of response surface methodology is for improve the motor input settings for low pollution and high heat efficiency. The trials were designed using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimization procedure was conducted using RSM. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict the test engine’s emission patterns and performance. The results showed that ANN and RSM were both very good and accurate modeling strategies. When 10% H2 + LO25 was used, the BTE rose to 31%, up from 20% for clean LO and 28% for 12% H2 + LO25 + 2%W means. Compared to clean LO operation, the cylinder pressure raised in 15% H2 mode by up to 63 psi. The measured value for the HRR, under H2 premixed combustion framework was 81 k Joule/CA deg in 10% H2, that is significantly greater than the value for every LO processes. The highest NOX release for 10% H2 + LO 25% was discovered at 690 ppm peak load, while it dropped to 645 ppm in gasoline that had been emulsified in water. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Gasoline

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MTUNet + + : explainable few-shot medical image classification with generative adversarial network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 9219-9239页

作者： Titoriya, Ankit Kumar Singh, Maheshwari Prasad Singh, Amit Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna India

Medical imaging, a cornerstone of disease diagnosis and treatment planning, faces the hurdles of subjective interpretation and reliance on specialized expertise. Deep learning algorithms show improvements in automating medical image analysis, reducing radiologists' burden, and potentially enhancing patient outcomes. However, these algorithms require substantial quantities of high-quality labelled data for effective training and refinement. This paper proposes an innovative approach that harnesses few-shot learning (FSL) and generative adversarial networks (GANs) to overcome conventional methods' limitations in medical image classification. FSL, capable of learning from limited labelled examples, holds promise for scenarios where labelled data is scarce. However, the lack of interpretability in existing FSL models impedes their clinical adoption. To tackle this, this paper proposes a explainable FSL network, "MTUNet + +," which integrates an attention mechanism to emphasize relevant regions in medical images. Furthermore, integrating a generative adversarial network, enhances the performance of MTUNet + + by generating synthetic medical images. Systematically eliminating misleading synthetic images improves the reliability and accuracy of medical image classification. Empirical evaluation on benchmark datasets underscores the effectiveness of the approach, achieving 85.19% and 69.28% accuracy for the HAM10000 and Kvasir datasets, respectively. This paper contributes to advancing AI-driven solutions in clinical practice, facilitating enhanced patient care and streamlined workflows within real-world healthcare settings. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Genetic algorithm based data controlling method using IoT enabled WSNs

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Soft Computing 2025年第5期29卷 2465-2482页

作者： Singh, Samayveer Nandan, Aridaman Singh Sikka, Geeta Malik, Aruna Singh, Pradeep Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Punjab Jalandhar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Central University of Jammu J&K Jammu India

Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is not only constitute an encouraging research domain but also represent a promising industrial trend that permits the development of various IoT-based applications. These applications span a wide range from industry to education, and from military to agriculture. The IoT device plays a significant role in various IoT-based networks, and the functioning of such network depends upon the battery power. Once the devices are deployed in the hostile environments, replacing batteries becomes impractical. Despite a plethora of research addressing this challenge, IoT networks still face issues. In this paper, a genetic algorithm based data monitoring and controlling method using IoT enabled WSNs is proposed by using movable sinks in IoT enabled HWSNs (OptiGeA). The OptiGeA protocol is designed for the election of cluster heads (CHs) by incorporating factors such as density, distance, energy and heterogeneous node capacity into its fitness function. The investigation of OptiGeA is conducted with single sink, multiple static sinks and multiple movable sinks provide an unbiased comparative assessment. The novel deployment technique and multiple mobile sinks approaches are proposed to reduce the transmission distance between the sink and CH during system operation and address hotspot issue. It is evident that the OptiGeA protocol shows an increment of 10.44% compared to the GAOC, whereas with the inclusion of DDC process the OptiGeA-DDC protocol demonstrates a remarkable increase of 48.33% compared to MS-GAOC. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Emotion mining for early suicidal threat detection on both social media and suicide notes using context dynamic masking-based transformer with deep learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 11729-11752页

作者： Kodati, Dheeraj Tene, Ramakrishnudu Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Warangal India

Suicide represents a poignant societal issue deeply entwined with mental well-being. While existing research primarily focuses on identifying suicide-related texts, there is a gap in the advanced detection of mental health states leading to suicidal tendencies. The purpose is to recognize the emotions influencing individuals’ mental states, potentially leading to suicidal behavior. This study seeks to identify specific emotions like anger, depression, anxiety, guilt, fear, stress, and sadness within suicide-related texts sourced from both social media and suicide notes. We introduce a novel suicide severity assessment method emphasizing emotion detection across categories like suicidal ideation, suicide planning, attempted, committed, suicide notes, describing, and cannot dare. By identifying high-intensity negative emotions, our approach enables early detection of potential suicide threats. Existing studies often struggle to capture nuances and semantic relationships, particularly in suicide-related contexts. To address this, we propose a context dynamic masking based on bidirectional long short-term memory along with a multi-head self-attention and convolutional neural network (CoDyn-BMHSA-CNN) model, capturing bidirectional contexts and maintaining variable-length sequences. Our model achieves accuracies of 98.2% and 97.4%, with F1 scores of 95.5% and 93.8% for social media and suicide note datasets, respectively. We perform ablation tests to pinpoint the key components of our proposed models. Furthermore, a thorough comparative analysis evaluates the model’s performance across various contexts and platforms. Experimental results illustrate the superior effectiveness of our model in identifying emotions from text sequences compared to state-of-the-art approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Exploring Nonuniform Structure of NSRTDs for Characterizing MACA Rules in the Null-Boundary Condition

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Complex Systems 2025年第1期34卷 91-127页

作者： Hazra, Suvadip Banerjee, Som Dalui, Mamata Chakraborty, Bidesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Karnataka Dharwad58009 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology West Bengal Durgapur713209 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Haldia Institute of Technology West Bengal Haldia721657 India

The cellular automaton (CA), a discrete model, is gaining popularity in simulations and scientific exploration across various domains, including cryptography, error-correcting codes, VLSI design and test pattern generation. This paper examines a two-state three-neighborhood nonuniform finite CA with a specified number of fixed points. We utilize a graph-based tool known as the next state rule minterm transition diagram (NSRTD) to analyze the spatiotemporal behavior of these cellular automata (CAs) across all lengths. We devise methods for synthesizing nonuniform single length cycle multi-attractor CAs (MACAs), a specialized class of irreversible CA with a predefined number of fixed points for any arbitrary length. Despite the method’s exponential worstcase time complexity, it offers the advantage of selecting rules for each CA cell from a set of candidate rules, ensuring the desired number of fixed points. © 2025, Complex Systems Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： cellular automata fixed-point attractor length cycle multi-attractor cellular automata MACA next state rule minterm transition diagram NSRTD

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Decomposition-based hybrid methods employing statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models for crude oil price forecasting

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-46页

作者： Purohit, Sourav Kumar Panigrahi, Sibarama Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sambalpur University Institute of Information Technology Burla India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha Rourkela769008 India

Crude oil prices (COP) profoundly influence global economic stability, with fluctuations reverberating across various sectors. Accurate forecasting of COP is indispensable for governments, policymakers, and stakeholders to make well-informed decisions and effectively mitigate risks. The decomposition-based hybrid models have been showing promising COP forecasting accuracy than other time series forecasting methods. Despite this fact, no systematic study has been conducted to evaluate the true potential of different decomposition-based hybrid methods employing different forecasting models to forecast the COP. Therefore, a hybrid modeling framework is developed by combining efficient decomposition techniques, namely empirical mode decomposition (EMD), ensemble EMD (EEMD), complete EEMD with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), and variational mode decomposition (VMD) with seven statistical models, fourteen machine learning (ML) models, and six deep learning (DL) models. Further, a systematic study is conducted on the resulting decomposition-based hybrid models to find the best hybrid model for COP forecasting. Three distinct train-test data splits are employed to ensure a reliable evaluation of the models using four performance metrics. Extensive statistical analysis is conducted to identify the optimal combination of the decomposition technique and forecasting model for precise COP prediction. The results demonstrate that the proposed decomposition-based hybrid model employing VMD and Huber Regression is statistically the best method among all alternatives to forecast monthly COP. The proposed hybrid method VMD-Huber Regression improves the root mean square error (RMSE) by 21% than CEEMDAN-ARIMA, 58.31% than EEMD-Theta, 13.18% than EMD-Random Walk, and 49.44% than VMD-TBATS hybrid methods in 60–40 Train-Test split ratio. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Mean square error

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Malicious iOS Apps Detection Through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第1期49卷 207-220页

作者： Bhatt, Arpita Jadhav Sardana, Neetu Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Indonesia

In today’s era, smartphones are used in daily lives because they are ubiquitous and can be customized by installing third-party apps. As a result, the menaces because of these apps, which are potentially risky for user’s privacy, have increased. Information on smartphones is perhaps, more personal than compared to data stored on desktops or computers, making it an easy target for intruders. After Android, the most prevalently used mobile operating system is Apple’s iOS. Both Android and iOS follow permission-based access control to protect user’s privacy. However, the users are unaware whether the app is breaching the user’s privacy. To combat this problem, in the paper we propose a hybrid approach to detect malicious iOS apps based on its permissions. In the first phase, weights have been assigned to app permissions using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach namely Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and in the second phase machine learning& ensemble learning techniques have been employed to train the classifiers for detecting malicious apps. To test the efficacy of the proposed method dataset comprising 1150 apps from 12 app categories has been used. The results demonstrate the proposed approach improves the efficacy of detecting malicious iOS apps for majority of categories. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential privacy

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