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Prediction of moisture content of cement-stabilized earth blocks using soil characteristics, cement content, and ultrasonic pulse velocity

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Journal of engineering and Applied Science 2024年第1期71卷 187页

作者： Sathiparan, Navaratnarajah Tharuka, R.A.N.S. Jeyananthan, Pratheeba Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Jaffna Kilinochchi Sri Lanka Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Jaffna Jaffna Sri Lanka

This article investigates the importance of moisture content in cement-stabilized earth blocks (CSEBs) and explores methods for their prediction using machine learning. A key aspect of the research is the development of accurate moisture content prediction models. The study compares the performance of various machine learning models, and XGBoost emerges as the most promising model, demonstrating superior accuracy in predicting moisture content based on factors like soil properties, cement content, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). The study employs SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to understand how these features influence the model’s predictions. UPV is the most significant factor affecting predicted moisture content, followed by cement content and soil properties like uniformity coefficient. Also, the study explores the possibility of using a reduced set of features for moisture content prediction. They demonstrate that a combination of UPV, cement content, and uniformity coefficient can achieve good accuracy, highlighting the potential for practical applications where obtaining all data points might be challenging. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Prediction models

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A new approach data processing: density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) clustering using game-theory

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Soft Computing 2025年第3期29卷 1331-1346页

作者： Kazemi, Uranus Soleimani, Seyfollah Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Arak University Arak38156-8-8349 Iran

Due to the unpredictable growth of data in various fields, rapid clustering of big data is seriously needed in order to identify the hidden structure of data and discover the relationships between objects. Among clustering methods, density-based clustering methods have an acceptable processing speed for dealing with big data with high dimensions. However, some methods have fixed parameters that are certainly not optimized for all sections. In addition, the complexity of these clustering methods strongly depends on the number of objects. In this paper, a clustering method is presented in order to increase clustering performance and parameter sensitivity according to game-theory and using the concept of Nash equilibrium and dense games, the optimal parameter for clustering is selected and between noise and points clusters make a difference. This method includes (1) searching the grid with several spaces in which there is no cluster, (2) identifying the player through high density data points in order to determine the parameters and (3) combining the clusters to make the game and (4) merging the nearby clusters. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated in four big synthetic datasets, eight real datasets labeled and unlabeled. The obtained results indicate the superiority of the proposed method over SOM, K-means, DBSCAN, SCGPSC methods in terms of accuracy and purity in processing time. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Nash equilibrium

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A new bi-level deep human action representation structure based on the sequence of sub-actions

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第2期37卷 985-1008页

作者： Akhlaghian Tab, Fardin Ramezani, Mohsen Afshoon, Hadi Seyedi, Seyed Amjad Moradyani, Atefeh Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran Department of Computer Science University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran

Human action recognition is applicable in different domains. Previously proposed methods cannot appropriately consider the sequence of sub-actions. Herein, we propose a semantical action model based on the sequence of sub-actions. A technique is used to segment actions on the time axis based on body movements via an energy diagram. After dividing actions into sub-actions, a novel bi-level deep structure is used to extract their features. Then, the sequence of sub-action features is modeled by a deep network to create the action model. As extracted sub-actions have fewer variations in execution manner, their representation is more stable, and modeling their sequence would be an efficient model. Experimental results on UCF-YouTube, UCF-Sport, and Human Motion DataBase (HMDB) datasets indicate the sustainable performance of this method. Overall, the accuracy of the proposed method is 0.972 on average, while the value for the second-best method is 0.925. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Human form models

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A new architecture based resnet for steganography in color images

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 16229-16248页

作者： Hashemi, Seyed Hesam Odin Majidi, Mohammad-Hassan Khorashadizadeh, Saeed Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Birjand Birjand Iran

This paper proposes a deep-learning color image steganography scheme that employs convolutional autoencoders with ResNet architecture. In the proposed method, all images are passed through the Preproccessing model which is a convolutional deep neural network with the aim of feature extraction. Then, the Operational model generates the stego or extracted image. The advantage of the proposed structure is the identity of models in the embedding and extraction phases. The performance of the proposed method is studied using COCO and CelebA datasets. For quantitative comparisons with previous related works, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), the structural similarity index (SSIM), and hiding capacity are evaluated. The experimental results verify that the proposed scheme performs better than traditional and previous deep steganography methods. The PSNR and SSIM are more than 35dB and 0.98, respectively which implies the high imperceptibility of the proposed method. Also, the relative capacity of the proposed method is 8 bits per pixel. To assess the robustness of the proposed scheme against various steganalysis methods, we conducted histogram, difference, and stag analyses. The outcomes demonstrated that the proposed scheme could withstand different kinds of attacks. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Steganography

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Design of a Flux-Barrier Permanent Magnet Vernier Motor with a Flux Modulation Ring to Enhance Torque Production and Efficiency Factor

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International Journal of engineering, Transactions B: Applications 2025年第6期38卷 1369-1378页

作者： Imanifar, A. Yaghobi, H. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Semnan University Semnan Iran

Flux-barrier permanent magnet Vernier motors are among the latest magnetic motors developed and optimized in the industry. In these motors, the arrangement of magnets plays a critical role and significantly impacts on the torque density in the rotor-stator gap. This is because the motor's output torque increases with an enhancement of magnetic flux intensity in this gap. The magnetic gearbox effect in the flux-barrier permanent magnet Vernier motors, along with flux modulation, is one of the most critical factors in the design and construction of these motors. Flux modulation in the air-gap generates high torque at low speeds. In this study, inspired by the concept of magnetic gearboxes and by adding a modulation ring to the air-gap of this motor, a novel design for flux-barrier permanent magnet Vernier motors with a gearbox is presented. Using the two-dimensional finite element method (FEM), it has been demonstrated that the designed motor achieves significant improvements in average output torque and power factor compared to previous designs. ©2025 The author(s).

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Valid-IoU: an improved IoU-based loss function and its application to detection of defects on printed circuit boards

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13905-13928页

作者： Vakili, Elnaz Karimian, Ghader Shoaran, Maryam Yadipour, Reza Sobhi, Jafar Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran

The printed circuit boards (PCBs) should be inspected during the manufacturing process to minimize defects such as printing errors, incorrect component selections, and incorrect soldering. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for this purpose, owing to their robust recognition capabilities. However, the accuracy of CNNs is significantly influenced by the choice of loss function. Intersection over Union (IoU) based loss functions commonly employed for bounding box regression, achieve remarkable success, but still have some main drawbacks such as inaccurate predicting bounding box dimensions relative to ground truth data. In this paper, we propose an improved IoU called Valid-IoU (VIoU) to solve this problem. We integrated the VIoU loss into state-of-the-art YOLO object detection frameworks to show its effectiveness in PCB defect detection. The experimental results on the HRIPCB PCB dataset demonstrate that the VIoU loss has high defect detection accuracy. Using YOLOv4 helped us to improve average accuracy, and with YOLOv8, we achieved faster detection speed compared to other methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Object detection

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A multi-population-based marine predators algorithm to train artificial neural network

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Soft Computing 2024年第17-18期28卷 9547-9574页

作者： Özkış, Ahmet Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Forensics Engineering Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey

Marine predators algorithm (MPA) is one of the recently proposed metaheuristic algorithms. In the MPA, position update mechanisms are implemented, emphasizing global search in the first part of the search process, balanced search in the middle, and local search in the last part. This may adversely affect the local search capability of the algorithm in the first part of the search process and the global search capability in the last part of the search process. To overcome these issues, an algorithm called MultiPopMPA with a multi-population and multi-search strategy is proposed in this study. Thanks to the proposed algorithm, local, balanced, and global search strategies of the original MPA were utilized from the beginning to the end of the search process. Thus, it is aimed to contribute to a more detailed search of the parameter space. In this study, the proposed algorithm has been applied in training artificial neural networks for 21 different classification datasets. The success of the algorithm has been scored on precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score metrics and compared with eight different metaheuristic algorithms, including the original MPA. In terms of the mean rank of success, the proposed MultiPopMPA has been ranked first in precision, sensitivity, and F1-score metrics and ranked second in the specificity metric. In addition, it has been observed that the proposed algorithm outperforms its competitors in most cases in terms of convergence and stability. Finally, Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test results calculated through the MSE metric showed that the proposed algorithm produced statistically significant results in most cases. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Traffic signal optimization using multiobjective linear programming for oversaturated traffic conditions

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Turkish Journal of Electrical engineering and computer Sciences 2024年第1期32卷 1-20页

作者： Coşkun, Mustafa Murat Şener, Cevat Toroslu, İsmail Hakkı Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

In this study, we present a framework designed to optimize signals at intersections experiencing oversaturated traffic conditions, utilizing mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) techniques. The proposed MILP solutions were developed with different objective functions, namely a reduction in the total remaining queue and fair distribution of the remaining queue after each signal cycle. Our framework contains two distinct stages. The initial stage applies two distinct MILP methodologies, while the subsequent stage employs a neighborhood search method to further reduce the delays associated with the green signal timings derived from the first stage. Ultimately, to evaluate their effectiveness across various intersections, we employed the HCM 2000 delay model for all the models we developed. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach reduces the delay significantly for various intersection designs. © 2024 Turkiye Klinikleri. All rights reserved.

关键词： Integer programming

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ABT: a comparative analytical survey on Analysis of Breast Thermograms

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期83卷 53293-53346页

作者： Ensafi, Mahsa Keyvanpour, Mohammad Reza Shojaedini, Seyed Vahab Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Tehran Iran

One of the common causes of death for women worldwide is breast cancer which various screening and imaging techniques can reduce its mortality and treatment costs. Although mammography is the most common imaging modality for screening breast cancer, but it is expensive and uses radiation. As an emerging and promising technique, thermography offers numerous advantages, including the absence of radiation exposure, no discomfort, no invasiveness, and low cost. By recording and analyzing the temperature distribution in breast region, this type of thermography is able to detect abnormalities. Despite these advantages, thermography images may not be interpreted as easy as images obtained from other imaging modalities. This limitation has caused considerable increase in attention towards computer-aided diagnosis in parallel with applying artificial intelligence paradigm in order to interpretation of breast thermograms. Due to the breadth and diversity of these methods from various aspects, a framework is necessary for a better understanding, classification, and evaluation of these methods. In this article, we discuss two important aspects of breast thermogram processing including segmentation of Region of Interest and detection of abnormality. Additionally, to evaluate the existing methods in the two areas, advantages and disadvantages for each have been discussed and compared. The existing methods in two aspects can be divided into two groups, traditional and deep learning-based schemes, which the latter have become increasingly popular. Based on this, it can be said that a framework that is useful for any researcher who needs to gain an overview of breast thermograms and categorize problems and solutions is presented in this study. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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Survivability evaluation for networks carrying complex traffic flows

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 534-544页

作者： Amin Jamali Mehdi Berenjkoub Hossein Saidi Behrouz Shahgholi Ghahfarokhi Faculty of Computer Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahan***Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan***Iran

The capability of a system to fulfill its mission promptly in the presence of attacks,failures,or accidents is one of the qualitative definitions of *** this paper,we propose a model for survivability quantification,which is acceptable for networks carrying complex traffic *** network traffic is considered as general multi-rate,heterogeneous traffic,where the individual bandwidth demands may aggregate in complex,nonlinear *** probability is the chosen measure for survivability *** study an arbitrary topology and some other known topologies for the *** and dependent failure scenarios as well as deterministic and random traffic models are ***,we provide survivability evaluation results for different network *** results show that by using about 50%of the link capacity in networks with a relatively high number of links,the blocking probability remains near zero in the case of a limited number of failures.

关键词： Blocking probability Complex traffic Link failure Network survivability Disaster recovery Information assurance

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