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Layout Decomposition via Boolean Satisfiability

IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第3期44卷 1112-1125页

作者： Liu, Hongduo Liao, Peiyu Zou, Mengchuan Pang, Bowen Li, Xijun Yuan, Mingxuan Ho, Tsung-Yi Yu, Bei The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong Huawei Noah's Ark Lab Hong Kong Hong Kong Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Beijing100190 China

Multiple patterning lithography (MPL) has been introduced in the integrated circuits manufacturing industry to enhance feature density as the technology node advances. A crucial step of MPL is assigning layout features to different masks, namely layout decomposition. Exact algorithms like integer linear programming (ILP) can solve layout decomposition to optimality but lack scalability for dense patterns. Relaxation algorithms (e.g., linear programming and semi-definite programming) and heuristics (e.g., exact cover) are capable of handling large cases at the cost of inferior solution quality. These methods rely on different mathematical solvers and expert-designed heuristics to offer a balance between solution quality and computational efficiency. In this article, we propose a unified layout decomposition framework comprising three algorithms: 1) satisfiability (SAT)-exact;2) SAT-bilevel;and 3) SAT-fast, all leveraging the capabilities of Boolean SAT solvers. The SAT-exact ensures optimality, but with faster convergence than ILP, SAT-bilevel addresses the decomposition as a bilevel optimization problem for rapid near-optimal solutions, and SAT-fast handles very large layouts in an incremental manner. Experimental results demonstrate our framework's superiority over existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of solution quality and runtime. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Integer linear programming

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A sharding blockchain-based UAV system for search and rescue missions

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Frontiers of computer Science 2025年第3期19卷 103-118页

作者： Xihan ZHANG Jiashuo ZHANG Jianbo GAO Libin XIA Zhi GUAN Hao HU Zhong CHEN School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data Chongqing 401329China National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Sharding is a promising technique to tackle the critical weakness of scalability in blockchain-based unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)search and rescue(SAR)*** breaking up the blockchain network into smaller partitions called shards that run independently and in parallel,shardingbased UAV systems can support a large number of search and rescue UAVs with improved scalability,thereby enhancing the rescue ***,the lack of adaptability and interoperability still hinder the application of sharded blockchain in UAV SAR *** refers to making adjustments to the blockchain towards real-time surrounding situations,while interoperability refers to making cross-shard interactions at the mission *** address the above challenges,we propose a blockchain UAV system for SAR missions based on dynamic sharding *** from the benefits in scalability brought by sharding,our system improves adaptability by dynamically creating configurable and mission-exclusive shards,and improves interoperability by supporting calls between smart contracts that are deployed on different *** implement a prototype of our system based on Quorum,give an analysis of the improved adaptability and interoperability,and conduct experiments to evaluate the *** results show our system can achieve the above goals and overcome the weakness of blockchain-based UAV systems in SAR scenarios.

关键词： blockchain sharding unmanned aerial vehicle search and rescue blockchain interoperability

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Relational Maneuvering Guidance Strategy for Leader-Follower Flexible Formation in Three Dimensions

Relational Maneuvering Guidance Strategy for Leader-Follower...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Ranjan, Praveen Kumar Sinha, Abhinav Cao, Yongcan Unmanned Systems Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio San AntonioTX78249 United States Lab Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

In this paper, we propose a new three-dimensional formation scheme for a leader-follower unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system, where the follower maintains formation by converging to a set of positions relative to the leader rather than a single point. Particularly, the follower maintains a fixed distance from the leader and constrains its bearing angle (which is the angle between its velocity vector and its line-of-sight (LOS) with respect to the leader) within some predefined intervals. This allows the follower to converge to a larger set, thereby enabling time-varying formation geometry and different orientations between the leader and the follower. This provides the follower flexibility to maneuver independently of the leader while maintaining formation. We model leader-follower UAVs as non-holonomic agents where their linear and angular speeds are chosen as control inputs to design closed-loop guidance laws under formation constraints. The proposed flexible-geometry formation scheme allows the follower to anticipate the leader’s movement and emulates the pilot’s behavior as in real air combat, tight formation, etc. The designed guidance laws are robust to the leader’s maneuver changes since the follower UAV’s control law does not need information on the leader’s angular speed control and only uses relative measurements. This makes the design lucrative even when global measurements are unavailable or if the leader UAV is non-cooperative. Finally, we present simulations for various target maneuvers to highlight the merits of the proposed flexible formation control laws. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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MetaHG: Enhancing HGNN Systems Leveraging Advanced Metapath Graph Abstraction 25

MetaHG: Enhancing HGNN Systems Leveraging Advanced Metapath ...

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20th European Conference on computer Systems, EuroSys 2025, co-located 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2025

作者： He, Haiheng Liu, Haifeng Zheng, Long Huang, Yu Shen, Xinyang Huang, Wenkan Cao, Chuaihu Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai Xue, Jingling National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400711961

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) are pivotal for extracting semantic and structural information from heterogeneous graphs. Traditional HGNN implementations often grapple with the challenges of excessive metapath instances, requiring substantial storage or incurring high instance-matching overhead. These methods typically suffer from redundant instance encoding and costly semantic graph construction. Addressing these issues, we introduce an advanced Metapath Graph (MG) abstraction that encapsulates the structural information of all metapath instances within a compact representation. This approach significantly reduces storage demands, eliminates redundant instance encodings, and foregoes the need for constructing semantic graphs, thereby facilitating rapid HGNN inference. Our software-based system, MetaHG, leverages layerwise encoding and aggregation to avoid redundancies without the necessity of semantic graphs. It incorporates a fast, lightweight partitioning method to efficiently manage large graphs. Distinctively, MetaHG seamlessly integrates with both dynamic HGNNs and homogeneous GNNs, unlike conventional systems. Comparative evaluations demonstrate that MetaHG surpasses the state-of-the-art BFS- and DFS-based HGNN systems, MAGNN and the software implementation of MetaNMP, by 42.5× and 4.53×, respectively, on average. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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Entropy Guided Extrapolative Decoding to Improve Factuality in Large Language Models 31

Entropy Guided Extrapolative Decoding to Improve Factuality ...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Das, Souvik Jin, Lifeng Song, Linfeng Mi, Haitao Peng, Baolin Yu, Dong Department of Computer Science and Engineering University at Buffalo NY United States Tencent AI Lab BellevueWA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive natural language capabilities but suffer from hallucination - generating content ungrounded in the realities of training data. Recent work has focused on decoding techniques to improve factuality during inference by leveraging LLMs' hierarchical representation of factual knowledge, manipulating the predicted distributions at inference time. Current state-of-the-art approaches refine decoding by contrasting early-exit distributions from a lower layer with the final layer to exploit information related to factuality within the model forward procedure. However, such methods often assume that the final layer is the most reliable and the lower-layer selection process depends on it. In this work, we first propose the extrapolation of critical token probabilities beyond the last layer for more accurate contrasting. We additionally employ layer-wise entropy-guided lower-layer selection, decoupling the selection process from the final layer. Experiments demonstrate strong performance, surpassing state-of-the-art on multiple different datasets by large margins. The analyzes show that different kinds of prompt respond to different selection strategies. Our source code will be available on GitHub. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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An Ensemble Technique for Classification of Oral Cancer by Using Histopathological Imaging 3rd

An Ensemble Technique for Classification of Oral Cancer by...

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3rd International Conference on Machine Vision and Augmented Intelligence, MAI 2023

作者： Saikia, Trishna Dhamaniya, Ashutosh Gupta, Puneet Singh, Koushlendra Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Indore Indore India Machine Vision and Intelligence Lab NIT Jamshedpur Jamshedpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819743582

Oral cancer primarily affects the oral chamber within the head and neck area, and underscores the critical need for effective classification to initiate timely treatment. Deep learning (DL)-based computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems have demonstrated notable success in various applications, offering accurate and prompt diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). One of the challenges in biomedical image classification is the acquisition of a sufficiently large training dataset. Transfer learning presents an efficient solution by extracting general features from natural image datasets and adapting them to new image datasets. In this study, we focus on classifying OSCC histopathology images to develop a productive DL-based CAD solution. To this end, we employ an average weighted ensemble technique, harnessing the strengths of deep learning-based models. To address the limitation of a small dataset, we fine-tune pre-trained deep CNN models, specifically VGG-16, VGG-19, MobileNet-V2, and Inception-V3, within our proposed method. Additionally, we conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of these models, considering classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score as metrics. Our experimental findings reveal that VGG-19 consistently delivers substantially superior performance compared to the other fine-tuned deep CNN models. However, our proposed weighted ensemble technique outperforms all these deep CNN models, particularly when employing the RMSProp optimizer. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Ensemble Histopathological imaging Inception-V3 MobileNet-V2 OSCC Transfer learning VGG-16 VGG-19

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Enhancing the Security of SDN in 5G: A Hybrid Feature Selection Based Ensemble Machine Learning Framework for Classification of Cyber-Attacks

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SN computer Science 2025年第3期6卷 1-16页

作者： Singh, Mahendra Pratap Haimashreelakshmi Singh, Virendra Pratap Gupta, Maanak Cyber Security Research Lab (CSRL) Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangaluru 575025 India Department of Computer Science Tennessee Technological University Cookeville TN United States

In recent years, the adoption of 5G has significantly increased due to its numerous benefits, including high availability, lower latency, improved reliability, and high performance. To manage packet flow, 5G relies on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) that employs software controllers and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to route packets and communicate with the hardware, providing advantages like high efficiency, low cost, and dependability. However, due to centralized control, SDN controllers are vulnerable to various cyber-attacks, including Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), Denial of Service (DoS), Password Brute Forcing, Web Attacks, etc. This paper proposes a framework that comprises a hybrid feature selection method and an ensemble machine learning model. The proposed ensemble model combines the strengths of three different machine learning (ML) classifiers to create a voting classifier for classifying traffic in SDN. Additionally, the optimal value for the hyperparameters of each classifier is obtained through hyperparameter tuning. Finally, the experimental analysis of the proposed model using the InSDN dataset shows 99.96% accuracy, highlighting the proposed model’s effectiveness in addressing the limitations of the existing approaches and detecting multiple attacks in the SDN context. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： 5G Hybrid feature selection Machine learning Software defined networking

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ADConv-Net: Advanced Deep Convolution Neural Network for COVID-19 Diagnostics Using Chest X-Ray and CT Images

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SN computer Science 2025年第5期6卷 1-22页

作者： Kumar, Sunil Bhowmik, Biswajit Maharshi Patanjali CPS Lab BRICS Laboratory Department of Computer Science Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Karnataka Mangalore 575025 India

The worldwide COVID-19 epidemic has emerged as a significant concern, affecting daily lives and underscoring the importance of early diagnosis for effective treatment in medical and healthcare settings. Current diagnostic testing for COVID-19 is sluggish, typically requiring hours to get results. Detection of COVID-19 from medical imaging presents a challenging task that has gained substantial interest from experts worldwide. Essential imaging modalities for diagnosing COVID-19 include chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans. By contrast, most of the chest radiography can be completed in within fifteen minutes. Thus, employing chest radiography gives a possibility for early and reliable diagnosis of COVID-19, intending to relieve therapeutic obstacles for patients and speed up the diagnostic process. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have been shown to be effective in image-based diagnostics. This paper proposed an advanced deep convolution neural network (ADConv-Net) for COVID-19 detection and categorization using chest X-ray and CT images. The proposed technique is not only capable of recognizing critical connections and similarities in image classification, but also leads to improved diagnostic accuracy. The proposed model undergoes thorough evaluation for standard performance metrics. After evaluation, the ADConv-Net model achieves high accuracies of 98.84% and 97.25% in training and testing for X-ray images and 99.41% and 98.87% in training and testing for CT images, respectively. Additionally, the proposed model demonstrates strong performance, with AUC values of 0.993 and 0.996 for X-ray and CT images, respectively. Further, the model also introduces a heatmap approach for displaying COVID-19 disease areas. Subsequently, radiologists can find COVID-19 disorders in chest X-ray and CT images with this approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Classification COVID-19 CT Images Deep Learning X-Ray Images

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Empowering Smart Education in the Age of Smart Cities: Combating Fake News and Misinformation Through Propaganda Text Analysis 2nd

Empowering Smart Education in the Age of Smart Cities: Comba...

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2nd International Conference on Sustainability: Developments and Innovations, ICSDI 2024

作者： Ahmad, Pir Noman Liu, Yuanchao Sedik, Ahmed Munir, Mehr E. School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Smart Systems Engineering Lab College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787111

The rapid development of smart cities driven by emerging information technologies has ushered in new opportunities and challenges in various domains, including education. As the prevalence of misinformation and fake news continues to grow, there is a pressing need to develop resilient smart cities that can effectively address this issue. This paper proposes a novel approach to address misinformation and fake news in propaganda texts within smart cities. It emphasizes the importance of smart education (SE) in equipping individuals with critical thinking and media literacy skills to combat misinformation effectively. This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and education to detect and debunk fake news across multi-domain, targeting vulnerable populations. This study emphasizes collaborative efforts between educational institutions, AI developers, and smart city stakeholders to promote information resilience, address ethical considerations and data privacy, and enhance media literacy and critical thinking in diverse smart cities, highlighting the pivotal role of education in countering misinformation in the digital age. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： AI Data analytics Misinformation Propaganda texts Smart cities Smart education

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A Survey of Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm and Its Variants: Statistical Analysis, Performance Evaluation, and Structural Reviewing

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Archives of Computational Methods in engineering 2025年第1期32卷 269-310页

作者： Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Rahmani, Amir Masoud Husari, Fatimatelbatoul Mahmoud Alsalami, Omar Mutab Marzougui, Mehrez Nguyen, Gia Nhu Lee, Sang-Woong Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam School of Medicine and Pharmacy Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science King Khalid University Abha61413 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Gachon University 1342 Seongnamdaero Sujeonggu Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of

In the last few decades, metaheuristic algorithms that use the laws of nature have been used dramatically in numerous and complex optimization problems. The artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA) is one of the metaheuristic algorithms that was invented in 2022 based on the foraging and migration behavior of the hummingbird for modeling and solving optimization problems. The algorithm initially starts with an initial random population of solutions. It then uses iterative processes and hummingbird position updates to balance exploration and exploitation toward the most optimal solutions. This paper has a detailed and extensive review of the AHA algorithm considering the aspects of hybrid, improved, binary, multi-objective, and optimization problems. In addition, a wide range of applications of AHA in various fields such as feature selection, image processing, scheduling, Internet of Things, classification, clustering, financial and economic issues, forecasting, wireless sensor networks, and many engineering challenges are explored. The statistical and numerical results showed that the AHA algorithm with deep learning methods, Levy flight, and opposition-based learning had the best performance. Also, the AHA algorithm is most widely used in solving multimodal optimization problems and continuous functions. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to International Center for Numerical Methods in engineering (CIMNE) 2024.

关键词： Optimization

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