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ARFTG Conference

作者： Matthew Fellows Charles Baylis Lawrence Cohen Robert J. Marks Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Baylor University Wireless and Microwave Circuits and Systems Program Waco TX USA Naval Research Laboratory Radar Division Washington DC USA

The ambiguity function is a measure of a radar's range and Doppler detection capability. Cognitive radar systems require the capability to adjust the waveform in realtime to obtain desired range/Doppler detection capability while meeting stringent spectral requirements. While the ambiguity function of the waveform input to the transmitter can be simulated, it is the ambiguity function of the transmitter power amplifier's output waveform that will be used for the detection. As such, it is very helpful to be able to measure the ambiguity function output from a power amplifier in the optimization process. This paper describes a technique that can be used to quickly calculate the ambiguity function for the output waveform from the radar amplifier as measured on an oscilloscope. Brief examination is also given to the effect of amplifier nonlinearity on the ambiguity function.

关键词： Chirp Optimization Radar detection Radar measurements Doppler radar Distortion measurement

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Mean-shift tracker with face-adjusted model

Mean-shift tracker with face-adjusted model

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International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems ( ICCAS)

作者： Jeehyun Goya Choe Joon-Hong Seok Ju-Jang Lee Robotics Program Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea

Mean-shift algorithm shows robust performances in various object-tracking technologies including face tracking. Due to its robustness and accuracy, mean-shift algorithm is regarded as one of the best ways to apply in object-tracking technology in computer vision fields. However, it has a drawback of getting into a bottleneck state when faced with a speedy object moving beyond its window size within one image frame interval time. The time required to calculate mean-shift vector could be much lessened with lesser memory when color model is adjusted to the previously known target information. This paper shows the building process of target-adjusted model with a non-uniform quantization. The target color model dealt in this paper is the one used for deriving mean-shift vector. It is a kernel model containing both the color and distance information. This paper gives scheme to efficiently deal with color information in the model. Through a proper selection of color bins, unimportant color values were reduced to a small amount. As a result, the computing time of the mean-shift vector in face-tracking was shortened while maintaining robustness and accuracy.

关键词： Target tracking Face detection Robotics and automation Electronic mail Robustness Quantization Kernel Pixel Focusing Face recognition

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An efficient heuristic for calculating a protected path with specified nodes

An efficient heuristic for calculating a protected path with...

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International Workshop on Reliable Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM)

作者： Lúcia Martins Teresa Gomes David Tipper INESC Coimbra DEEC Coimbra Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

The problem of determining a path between two nodes in a network that must visit specific intermediate nodes arises in a number of contexts. For example, one might require traffic to visit nodes where it can be monitored by deep packet inspection for security reasons. In this paper a new recursive heuristic is proposed for finding the shortest loopless path, from a source node to a target node, that visits a specified set of nodes in a network. In order to provide survivability to failures along the path, the proposed heuristic is modified to ensure that the calculated path can be protected by a node-disjoint backup path. The performance of the heuristic, calculating a path with and without protection, is evaluated by comparing with an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation for each of the considered problems. The ILP solver may fail to obtain a solution in a reasonable amount of time, especially in large networks, which justifies the need for effective, computationally efficient heuristics for solving these problems. Our numerical results are also compared with previous heuristics in the literature.

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Amplitude shift keying Integer linear programming Routing Routing protocols Heuristic algorithms Electronic mail

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Orchard: building large cancer phylogenies using stochastic combinatorial search

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kulman, Ethan Kuang, Rui Morris, Quaid Computational and Systems Biology Program Sloan Kettering Institute New YorkNY United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States

Phylogenies depicting the evolutionary history of genetically heterogeneous subpopulations of cells from the same cancer, i.e., cancer phylogenies, offer valuable insights about cancer development and guide treatment strategies. Many methods exist that reconstruct cancer phylogenies using point mutations detected with bulk DNA sequencing. However, these methods become inaccurate when reconstructing phylogenies with more than 30 mutations, or, in some cases, fail to recover a phylogeny altogether. Here, we introduce Orchard, a cancer phylogeny reconstruction algorithm that is fast and accurate using up to 1000 mutations. Orchard samples without replacement from a factorized approximation of the posterior distribution over phylogenies, a novel result derived in this paper. Each factor in this approximate posterior corresponds to a conditional distribution for adding a new mutation to a partially built phylogeny. Orchard optimizes each factor sequentially, generating a sequence of incrementally larger phylogenies that ultimately culminate in a complete tree containing all mutations. Our evaluations demonstrate that Orchard outperforms state-of-the-art cancer phylogeny reconstruction methods in reconstructing more plausible phylogenies across 90 simulated cancers and 14 B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALLs). Remarkably, Orchard accurately reconstructs cancer phylogenies using up to 1,000 mutations. Additionally, we demonstrate that the large and accurate phylogenies reconstructed by Orchard are useful for identifying patterns of somatic mutations and genetic variations among distinct cancer cell subpopulations. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Plant diseases

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Real-time tool wear identification using sensor integration with neural network

Real-time tool wear identification using sensor integration ...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： N. Levy MengChu Zhou Yu Quan Department of Mechanical and Industrical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Manufacturing Engineering Program New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

Real-time identification of tool wear in shop floor environment is essential for optimization of machining processes and implementation of automated manufacturing systems. In this paper. the signals obtained from acoustic emission and power sensors during machining processes are analyzed and a set of feature parameters characterizing the tool wear condition are extracted. In order to realize the realtime tool wear condition monitoring for different cutting conditions, a sensor integration strategy which combines the information from multiple sensors (acoustic emission sensor and power sensor) and machining parameters is proposed. A neural network based on improved back-propogation algorithm is developed and a prototype scheme for realtime identification of tool wear is implemented. Experiments under different conditions have proved that a higher rate of tool wear identification can be achieved by using the sensor integration model with neural network. The results also indicated that the neural network is a very effective method of sensor integration for online monitoring of tool abnormalities.< >

关键词： Wearable sensors Sensor phenomena and characterization Acoustic sensors Machining Neural networks Acoustic emission Real time systems Manufacturing systems Signal processing Signal analysis

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Evolving hypernetwork classifiers for microRNA expression profile analysis

Evolving hypernetwork classifiers for microRNA expression pr...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Sun Kim Soo-Jin Kim Byoung-Tak Zhang The Center for Bioinformatics Technology Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Seoul South Korea The School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

High-throughput microarrays inform us on different outlooks of the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of cells and organisms. While computational analysis for the microarrays show good performance, it is still difficult to infer modules of multiple co-regulated genes. Here, we present a novel classification method to identify the gene modules associated with cancers from microarray data. The proposed approach is based on 'hypernetworks', a hypergraph model consisting of vertices and weighted hyperedges. The hypernetwork model is inspired by biological networks and its learning process is suitable for identifying interacting gene modules. Applied to the analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles on multiple human cancers, the hypernetwork classifiers identified cancer-related miRNA modules. The results show that our method performs better than decision trees and naive Bayes. The biological meaning of the discovered miRNA modules has been examined by literature search.

关键词： Cancer Gene expression Biological system modeling Data analysis Support vector machines Support vector machine classification Evolutionary computation Humans Decision trees Diseases

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COMMA: A Communications Methodology for Dynamic Module Reconfiguration in FPGAs

COMMA: A Communications Methodology for Dynamic Module Recon...

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Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)

作者： Shannon Koh Oliver Diessel School of Computer Science & Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Embedded Real Time and Operation Systems Program National ICT Australia NICTA Sydney Australia

On-going improvements in the scaling of FPGA device sizes and time-to-market pressures encourage the use of module-oriented design flows [3], while economic factors favour the reuse of smaller devices for high performance computational tasks. One of the core problems in proposing dynamic modular reconfiguration approaches is supporting the differing communications needs of the sequence of modules configured over time [2]. Proposals to date have not focussed on communications issues. Moreover, they have advocated the use of specific protocols [4], or they cannot be readily implemented [1], or they suffer from high overheads [5], or rely upon deprecated features such as tri-state lines [7]. In contrast, we propose a methodology for the rapid deployment of a communications infrastructure that provides the wires required by dynamic modules and allows users to implement the protocols they want. Our aim is to support new tiled dynamically reconfigurable architectures such as Virtex-4, as well as mature device families.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Pins Wiring Australia Protocols computer science Design engineering Real time systems Operating systems Time to market

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Why current rain denoising models fail on CycleGAN created rain images in autonomous driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kranl, Michael Ramsauer, Hubert Knapp, Bernhard Department of Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Engineering Program University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien Vienna Austria Institute for Machine Learning Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria

One of the main tasks of an autonomous agent in a vehicle is to correctly perceive its environment. Much of the data that needs to be processed is collected by optical sensors such as cameras. Unfortunately, the data collected in this way can be affected by a variety of factors, including environmental influences such as inclement weather conditions (e.g., rain). Such noisy data can cause autonomous agents to take wrong decisions with potentially fatal outcomes. This paper addresses the rain image challenge by two steps: First, rain is artificially added to a set of clear-weather condition images using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). This yields good/bad weather image pairs for training de-raining models. This artificial generation of rain images is sufficiently realistic as in 7 out of 10 cases, human test subjects believed the generated rain images to be real. In a second step, this paired good/bad weather image data is used to train two rain denoising models, one based primarily on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the other using a Vision Transformer. This rain de-noising step showed limited performance as the quality gain was only about 15%. This lack of performance on realistic rain images as used in our study is likely due to current rain de-noising models being developed for simplistic rain overlay data. Our study shows that there is ample space for improvement of de-raining models in autonomous *** Codes I.4 © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Rain

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Three-phase shunt active power filter based on the interconnection of single-phase and three-phase converters

Three-phase shunt active power filter based on the interconn...

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Brazilian Power Electronics Conference, COBEP

作者： A. M. Maciel C. B. Jacobina V. B. Melo E. C. dos Santos E. L. L. Fabrício Instituto Federal da Paraíba PB Brazil Electrical Engineering Department (DEE) Federal University of Camnina Grande (UFCG) Camnina Grande PB Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering-PPgEE-COPELE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering IUPUI

This paper presents a topology based on the interconnection of single-phase H-bridge converters and a three-phase converter acting as a shunt active power filter. Contributions for the model, PWM approach and control strategies are presented to the studied converter. As compared to the conventional solution by using just H-bridges converters, the proposed one reduces the number of semiconductor and storage devices while keeping the same characteristics of high number of levels. A comprehensive THD analysis will be considered followed by simulated and experimental outcomes.

关键词： Control systems Topology Capacitors Voltage control Shunts (electrical) Pulse width modulation Integrated circuit interconnections

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Real-Time Computation of E-Field for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Real-Time Computation of E-Field for Transcranial Magnetic S...

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International Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES)

作者： Nahian I. Hasan Moritz Dannhauer Dezhi Wang Zhi-De Dengv Luis J. Gornez Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University Indiana WL USA National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program National Institutes of Health USA

ISBN: (数字)9781733509671

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362978

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique employing coils to induce electric fields (E-fields) in the brain, influencing its activity. Accurately determining the dosage of E-field induced in targeted brain areas during TMS is crucial for evaluating its effects and optimizing parameters such as coil current amplitude and placement. We present a method capable of computing induced E-fields for arbitrary coil positions in real-time (within 4 milliseconds) within the brain. Initially, white noise currents, defined on a surface delineating the head and its surrounding medium, are employed to generate a comprehensive basis set of mode field patterns representing TMS-induced brain E-fields. Subsequently, electromagnetic reciprocity and Huygens' principles are leveraged to establish the relationship between expansion coefficients for these modes and TMS-induced electric fields in free space. Our real-time TMS solver predicts E-fields with comparable accuracy to existing solvers using fewer than 400 modes, rendering it suitable for neuronavigation systems and real-time adjustment of coil dosing parameters.

关键词： Coils Transcranial magnetic stimulation White noise Rendering (computer graphics) Computational electromagnetics Real-time systems Magnetic heads

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