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Plasma proteomic analysis of intermuscular fat links muscle integrity with processing speed in older adults

Alzheimer's & Dementia 2025年第5期21卷

作者： Toshiko Tanaka Caterina Rosano Xiaoning Huang Qu Tian Bennett A. Landman Ann Z. Moore Iva Miljkovic Andrew Perry Sadiya Khan Ravi Kalhan John Jeffrey Carr James G. Terry Kristine Yaffe Keenan A. Walker Julián Candia Luigi Ferrucci Longitudinal Studies Section Translational Gerontology Branch NIH NIA Baltimore Maryland USA Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois USA Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville Tennessee USA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville Tennessee USA UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California–San Francisco San Francisco California USA Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program Baltimore Maryland USA

INTRODUCTION More intermuscular fat (IMF) has been associated with lower cognitive performance through mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. METHODS The associations of 7628 plasma proteins with IMF were assessed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging ( n = 941, mean age = 66.7 ± 15.2) and validated in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study ( n = 2451, mean age = 50.2 ± 3.6). Processing speed was assessed by Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Associations between the main exposures, outcome, and mediators were evaluated using linear regression, and mediating effects were assessed by causal mediation analysis. RESULTS There were 722 plasma proteins associated with IMF in both the discovery and replication cohorts (false discovery rate [FDR] adjusted p ≤ 0.05). Of these, 26 mediated the relationship between IMF and DSST, with effects ranging from 2.8% to 20.9% ( p ≤ 0.05). These proteins represented synaptic function and organization, and growth factor binding (FDR adjusted p ≤ 0.05). DISCUSSION Reducing IMF may improve processing speed through effects on growth factor and synaptic activity. Highlights Higher intermuscular fat is associated with lower processing speed, consistently across populations that represent different demographic characteristics. There is a robust plasma proteomic profile of intermuscular fat that is assessed in the abdominal and thigh skeletal muscle. The proteins associated with intermuscular fat reflect signals that are reflective of synaptic function and organization, as well as other molecular pathways such as growth factor binding. Circulating proteins partially explain the association between higher intermuscular fat and lower processing speed, suggesting that higher intermuscular fat effects processing speed through pathways including synaptic functions and growth factor binding.

关键词： aging epidemiology intermuscular fat processing speed proteomics

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Awareness and Comprehension in Software/Systems engineering Practice and Education: Trends and Research Directions

Awareness and Comprehension in Software/Systems Engineering ...

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Brazilian Symposium on Software engineering (SBES)

作者： Marcelo Schots Cl'udia Werner Manoel Mendonça Systems Engineering and Computing Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Computer Science Department Federal University of Bahia Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The creation of tools, techniques and methodologies to support the manipulation of large data sets has been receiving special attention of both scientific and industrial communities, in order to discover new ways of dealing with the underlying information, including learning purposes, identification of patterns, decision making support, amongst others. However, making use of computing resources to enhance awareness and understanding of software information and the software itself is still a challenge in software/systems engineering, since it involves the identification of suitable mechanisms, adequate abstractions, and studies on stimulation of the human perceptive and cognitive abilities. This paper presents some of the challenges in this context, based on current trends of software development lifecycle, program comprehension, and software engineering education. At the end, a special focus is given on ongoing research on using and improving current mechanisms for supporting software reuse practices and software comprehension in general.

关键词： Software Software engineering Education Visualization Conferences Industries Data visualization

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Selective-Area Growth of Gan and Algan Nanowires on N-Polar Gan Templates with 4° Miscut by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Khan, Kamruzzaman Jian, Zhe Li, Jonathan Sun, Kai Ahmadi, Elaheh Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

In this study, selective area growth (SAG)s of AlGaN/GaN nanowires (NWs) on miscut N-polar GaN templates were studied and compared with that grown on Ga-polar templates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The SAG of N-polar AlGaN/GaN NWs demonstrated higher growth rate and more growth selectivity than that of Ga-polar AlGaN/GaN NWs. Additionally, lateral growth rate of N-polar NWs was significantly lower than Ga-polar NWs. Compared to the pyramidal shaped top surfaces of Ga-polar NWs, the N-polar GaN NWs had flat head top surfaces. The combination of higher growth selectivity, larger growth window, negligible lateral growth, and flat head, makes N-polar (Al,Ga)N NWs attractive for a variety of applications including UV LEDs and detectors as well as quantum sensing. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride

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Flor Revisited(Again):eQTL and Mutational Analysis of NB-LRR Mediated Immunity to Powdery Mildew in Barley

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 237-243页

作者： Roger Wise Priyanka Surana Greg Fuerst Ruo Xu Divya Mistry Julie Dickerson Dan Nettleton Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology Center for Plant Responses to Environmental StressesIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA

Genes encoding early signaling events in pathogen defense often are identified only by their phenotype. Such genes involved in barley-powdery mildew interactions include Mla, specifying race-specific resistance; Rarl （Required for Mla12-specified resistance1）, and Roml （Restoration of Mla-specified resistancel）. The HSP90-SGT1-RAR1 complex appears to function as chaperone in MLA-specified resistance, however, much remains to be discovered regarding the precise signaling underlying plant immunity. Genetic analyses of fast-neutron mutants derived from CI 16151 （Mla6） uncovered a novel locus, designated Rar3 （R_equired for Mla6-specified resitance3）. Rar3 segregates independent of Mla6 and Rarl, and rar3 mutants are susceptible to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei （Bgh） isolate 5874 （A VRar）, whereas, wild-type progenitor plants are resistant. Comparative expression analyses of the rar3 mutant vs. its wild-type progenitor were conducted via Barleyl GeneChip and GAIIx paired-end RNA-Seq. Whereas Rarl affects transcription of relatively few genes; Rar3 appears to influence thousands, notably in genes controlling ATP binding, catalytic activity, transcription, and phosphorylation; possibly membrane bound or in the nucleus, eQTL analysis of a segregating doubled haploid population identified over two-thousand genes as being regulated by Mla （q value/FDR=0.00001）, a subset of which are significant in Rar3 interactions. The intersection of datasets derived from mla-loss-of-function mutants, Mla-associated eQTL, and rar3-mediated transcriptome reprogramming are narrowing the focus on essential genes required for Mla-specified immunity.

关键词： eQTL transcript profiling immunity resistance signaling barley Blumeria graminis

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Dynamics and control of multi-converter DC power electronic systems

Dynamics and control of multi-converter DC power electronic ...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists (PESC)

作者： A. Emadi A. Ehsani Power Electronics and Motor Drives Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA Advanced Vehicle Systems Research Program Department of Electrical Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX USA

In multi-converter power electronic systems, different power electronic converters are integrated together to form a complex and extensively interconnected system. In general, there are two kinds of loads in these systems. One group is conventional loads, which have positive incremental impedance characteristics. They are mainly considered as constant voltage loads that require regulated voltage for their operation. The other group is tightly regulated power electronic converters and motor drives sinking constant power from their input buses. The purpose of this paper is to present an assessment of the dynamic interactions between these loads in the multi-converter DC power electronic systems. Furthermore, a nonlinear robust stabilizing controller based on the feedback linearization technique for DC/DC PWM converters is presented.

关键词： Control systems Power electronics Voltage Interconnected systems Impedance Motor drives Robust control Linear feedback control systems Linearization techniques Pulse width modulation converters

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Semi-Supervised Online Elastic Extreme Learning Machine for Data Classification

Semi-Supervised Online Elastic Extreme Learning Machine for ...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Carlos A. S. da Silva Renato A. Krohling Graduate Program in Computer Science PPGI - Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) Vitoria ES Brazil Production Engineering Department Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) Vitoria ES Brazil

The Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is a fast and efficient learning algorithm for single-hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFN). Recently, with the increase in data volume in real-world applications, and the need to process data from streaming, two problems have become recurrent in data classification: it is not possible to gather all the necessary data before training the algorithms, and it is difficult to manually label the data for the classification tasks. To address these problems, many variations of ELM have been proposed to allow semi-supervised learning, online sequential learning, or both. In this paper, we propose a variation of ELM called Semi-Supervised Online Elastic Extreme Learning Machine (SSOE-ELM), an algorithm that uses both labeled and unlabeled data to learn in an online sequential way (chunk-by-chunk). We compare our approach to the SOS-ELM in several benchmarks. Our experimental results show that SSOE-ELM outperforms SOS-ELM in accuracy, generalization ability and in training speed.

关键词： Training Partitioning algorithms Matrix decomposition Neurons Heuristic algorithms Laplace equations Cost function

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Fully Customizable, Low-Cost, Multi-Contact Nerve Cuffs for Spatially Selective Neuromodulation

Fully Customizable, Low-Cost, Multi-Contact Nerve Cuffs for ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Morgan Riley FNU Tala Katherine J. Johnson Benjamin C. Johnson Biomedical Engineering Doctoral Program Boise State University Boise ID USA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boise State University Boise ID USA Office of Research Compliance Boise State University Boise ID USA

Selective neuromodulation of peripheral nerves is an emerging treatment for neurological diseases that are resistant to traditional drug therapy. While nerve cuffs with multichannel stimulation can be made by many varied methods, they usually require specialized microfabrication or additive manufacturing equipment. A truly low-cost and effective method of creating a custom cuff has not been accessible to researchers to prototype new methodologies and therapies in acute studies. Here, we present an inexpensive, highly repeatable method to create multi-contact nerve cuffs that require a simple postproduction PEDOT:PSS coating to improve the tissue/electrode interface. We demonstrate spatially selective neuromodulation with the proposed cuff design on the rat sciatic by preferentially activating the tibialis anterior (TA) and the lateral gastrocnemius (LG) in longitudinal and transverse stimulation patterns. This demonstrates that the proposed cuff fabrication method was not only effective for selective neuromodulation, but it is also significantly lower in cost, fully-customizable, and easily manufactured for future selective neuromodulation studies.

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Challenges and Emerging Issues for Generative AI and Hyper Intelligence

Challenges and Emerging Issues for Generative AI and Hyper I...

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Cyber Science and Technology Congress (CyberSciTech), IEEE

作者： Jianhua Ma Qun Jin Hui-Huang Hsu John Paul C. Vergara Antonio Guerrieri Claudio Miceli Ao Guo Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Hosei University Japan Department of Human Informatics and Cognitive Sciences Waseda University Japan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University Taiwan Department of Information Systems and Computer Science Ateneo de Manila University Philippines ICAR-CNR Italy Graduate Program in Systems Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Graduate School of Informatics Nagoya University Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331532093

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532109

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) represents a significant milestone in the development of artificial intelligence, bringing sophisticated AI capabilities into daily life and work. As we approach the era of Hyper Intelligence (Hyper-I), a variety of critical challenges and emerging issues have come to light, ranging from computational complexity to ethical concerns. This paper explores the evolution of AI from the perspective of human learning, comparing machine and human intelligence, and identifying key considerations for the development of future AI systems. It also highlights the growing importance of regulating advanced AI models, such as Reinforcement Learning-based Long-Term Planning Agents, to ensure that Hyper-I remains under human control. Additionally, the paper discusses the computational complexity of transformer-based models, their applicability to intractable problems, and their role in cognitive building systems and resource-constrained environments through TinyML. By analyzing these pressing challenges, this work provides insights into the future of AI and the path toward responsible innovation in generative and hyper-intelligent systems.

关键词： Hyper-intelligent systems Ethics Technological innovation Generative AI Computational modeling Tiny machine learning Pressing Transformers Regulation Computational complexity

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CUMBIA: an agent framework to detect opportunities for collaboration

CUMBIA: an agent framework to detect opportunities for colla...

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International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： M. Moreno A. Vivacqua J. de Souza Computer Science Program Graduate School of Engineering COPPE Rio de Janeiro Brazil DCC/IM-Institute of Mathematics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

With the increase in adoption of remote work groups and teams working in non-collocated environments, several opportunities for interaction have been lost. Contact with colleagues and discovery of opportunities, previously easy due to physical proximity, is made harder with distance. In this paper, we describe an agent-based framework to assist users in finding opportunities for interaction that may have been overlooked.

关键词： Collaboration Collaborative work computer science Mathematics Team working IP networks computer networks Teleconferencing Subcontracting Scheduling

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A Model For The Relative Environmental Stability Of A Series Of Polyimide Capacitance Humidity Sensors

A Model For The Relative Environmental Stability Of A Series...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： A.R.K. Ralston C.F. Klein P.E. Thomas D.D. Denton Central Research Johnson Controls Inc. Milwaukee WI USA Materials Science Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA

A capacitance humidity sensor is used as a test de- vice to characterize the performance of thirteen polyimide films in relative humidity sensing applications. This sensor has a multilayer, free-standing film construction. It consists of a humidity sensitive polyinfide dielectric core and conductive layers consisting of carbon filled polysul- fone on each side of the polyimide film to form a capacitor. Thirteen polyimide films, including commercial polyimides and films of novel chemistry, are investigated to determine the long term stability of sensors using the films exposed to 85'C/85% RH for a total of 28 days. Differences in film chemistry are used to interpret trends in the environmental stability of the films.

关键词： Stability Polyimides Capacitance Humidity Sensor phenomena and characterization Chemical sensors Chemistry Capacitive sensors Aging Conductive films

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