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International Conference on computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)

作者： Hui-Tang Lin Chia-Lin Lai Wang-Rong Chang Chin-Lien Liu National Cheng Kung University Tainan TW Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan ICT-Enabled Healthcare Program Industrial Technology and Research Institute Taiwan

Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs) are not only cost-effective, but also provide high throughput, high bandwidth utilization, and low transmission latency. As a result, EPONs are a viable solution for overcoming the bandwidth bottleneck problem in local access networks. This study develops a novel Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) scheme, designated as Frame-oriented Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time (FIPACT), to provide a differentiated Quality-of-Service (QoS) capability in EPONs. FIPACT adopts a framed approach, in which the upstream network bandwidth is partitioned into successive frames. Within each frame, each Optical Network Unit (ONU) is guaranteed the network resources necessary to transmit a specific quota of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video, and Internet access traffic, respectively. Since FIPACT permits these three types of traffic stream to share the available bandwidth efficiently whilst still satisfying their respective QoS requirements, it provides an effective means of achieving differentiated triple-play services in EPONs. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.

关键词： Streaming media Optical network units Bandwidth EPON IEEE 802.3 Standards Quality of service Protocols

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Iterative Morphological Training Set Decomposition for Endoscopic Tool Segmentation

Iterative Morphological Training Set Decomposition for Endos...

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： Yicheng Zhu Xiaoyi Wu Sylvia Tan Cuiling Sun Sulagna Saha Yun-Hsuan Su Kevin Huang Picker Engineering Program 100 Green Street Smith College Northampton MA USA Department of Computer Science 50 College St Mount Holyoke College South Hadley MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350355369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355376

This paper proposes a modified method for training tool segmentation networks for endoscopic images by parsing training images into two disjoint sets: one for rectangular representations of endoscopic images and one for polar. Previous work [1], [2] demonstrated that certain endoscopic images may be better segmented by a U-Net network trained on the original rectangular representation of images alone, and others performed better with polar representations. This work extends that observation to the training images and seeks to intelligently decompose the aggregate training data into disjoint image sets — one ideal for training a network to segment original, rectangular endoscopic images and the other for training a polar segmentation network. The training set decomposition consists of three stages: (1) initial data split and models, (2) image reallocation and transition mechanisms with retraining, and (3) evaluation. In (2), two separate frameworks for parsing polar vs. rectangular training images were investigated, with three switching metrics utilized in both. Experiments comparatively evaluated the segmentation performance (via Sørenson Dice coefficient) of the in-group and out-of-group images between the set-decomposed models. Results are encouraging, showing improved aggregate in-group Dice scores as well as image sets trending towards convergence.

关键词： Training Measurement Image segmentation Minimally invasive surgery Mechatronics Aggregates Training data

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Available bandwidth-aware cell selection for expanded regions of small cells adopting ABS

Available bandwidth-aware cell selection for expanded region...

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International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)

作者： Mncedisi Bembe Jeongchan Kim Thomas Olwal Youngnam Han Global Information and Telecommunication Technology Program KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Meraka Institute CSIR Pretoria South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781479906963

Cell selection in current LTE-Advanced depend on reference signal received power or reference signal received quality which results to low user association probability. Therefore, we propose an aggregate objective cell selection technique based on enhanced inter-cell interference coordination technique developed by 3GPP in Rel-10 known as almost blank subframe. We also adopt the use of cell range expansion technique as means to encourage offloading. Cell range expansion was introduced in LTE-advanced, it encourages user equipment to select a small cell with a weakest signal as thier serving cell by adding a positive bias in cell selection process. Simulation shows that the proposed scheme results to high user association probability, while giving superior performance in average throughput compared to conventional single objective base cell selection for cell range expansion.

关键词： Interference Macrocell networks Bandwidth Linear programming Gain Long Term Evolution Base stations

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Using spatial characteristics to aid automation of SOM segmentation of functional image data

Using spatial characteristics to aid automation of SOM segme...

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International Workshop on Self-Organizing Maps and Learning Vector Quantization, Clustering and Data Visualization (WSOM)

作者： Patrick O'Driscoll Erzsébet Merényi Robert Grossman Applied Physics Program Rice University Houston Texas Departments of Statistics and Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas Department of Neurosurgery Houston Methodist Neurological Institute Houston Texas

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066391

We propose a new similarity measure, Combined Connectivity and Spatial Adjacency (CCSA), to be used in hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) for automated segmentation of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs, Kohonen [1]). The CCSA measure is specifically designed to assist segmentation of large, complex, functional image data by exploiting general spatial characteristics of such data. The proposed CCSA measure is constructed from two strong indicators of cluster structure: the degree of localization of data points in physical space and the degree of connectivity of SOM prototypes (as defined by Taçdemir and Merényi [2]). The new measure is expected to enhance cluster capture in large functional image data cubes such as hyperspectral imagery or fMRI brain images, where many relevant clusters exist with widely varying statistical properties and in complex relationships both in feature space and in physical (image) space. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using the CCSA measure on progressively complex synthetic spatial data and on real fMRI brain data.

关键词： Prototypes Resource description framework Extraterrestrial measurements Brain Spatial databases Image segmentation Hyperspectral imaging

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Vision-based Semantic Communications for Metaverse Services: A Contest Theoretic Approach

Vision-based Semantic Communications for Metaverse Services:...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Guangyuan Liu Hongyang Du Dusit Niyato Jiawen Kang Zehui Xiong Boon Hee Soong Energy Research Institute@NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

The popularity of Metaverse as an entertainment, social, and work platform has led to a great need for seamless avatar integration in the virtual world. In Metaverse, avatars must be updated and rendered to reflect users' behaviour. Achieving real-time synchronization between the virtual bilocation and the user is complex, placing high demands on the Metaverse Service Provider (MSP)'s rendering resource allocation scheme. To tackle this issue, we propose a semantic communication framework that leverages contest theory to model the interactions between users and MSPs and determine optimal resource allocation for each user. To reduce the consumption of network resources in wireless transmission, we use the semantic communication technique to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted. Under our simulation settings, the encoded semantic data only contains 51 bytes of skeleton coordinates instead of the image size of 8.243 megabytes. Moreover, we implement Deep Q-Network to optimize reward settings for maximum performance and efficient resource allocation. With the optimal reward setting, users are incentivized to select their respective suitable uploading frequency, reducing down-sampling loss due to rendering resource constraints by 66.076% compared with the traditional average distribution method. The framework provides a novel solution to resource allocation for avatar association in VR environments, ensuring a smooth and immersive experience for all users.

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Safe CoR: A Dual-Expert Approach to Integrating Imitation Learning and Safe Reinforcement Learning Using Constraint Rewards

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kwon, Hyeokjin Lee, Gunmin Lee, Junseo Oh, Songhwai Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence ASRI Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ASRI Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

In the realm of autonomous agents, ensuring safety and reliability in complex and dynamic environments remains a paramount challenge. Safe reinforcement learning addresses these concerns by introducing safety constraints, but still faces challenges in navigating intricate environments such as complex driving situations. To overcome these challenges, we present the safe constraint reward (Safe CoR) framework, a novel method that utilizes two types of expert demonstrations—reward expert demonstrations focusing on performance optimization and safe expert demonstrations prioritizing safety. By exploiting a constraint reward (CoR), our framework guides the agent to balance performance goals of reward sum with safety constraints. We test the proposed framework in diverse environments, including the safety gym, metadrive, and the real-world Jackal platform. Our proposed framework enhances the performance of algorithms by 39% and reduces constraint violations by 88% on the real-world Jackal platform, demonstrating the framework’s efficacy. Through this innovative approach, we expect significant advancements in real-world performance, leading to transformative effects in the realm of safe and reliable autonomous agents. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demonstrations

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Economics of Semantic Communication System: An Auction Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liew, Zi Qin Du, Hongyang Yang, Wei Lim, Bryan Xiong, Zehui Niyato, Dusit Miao, Chunyan Kim, Dong In Alibaba-NTU Singapore Joint Research Institute Nanyang Technological Univerity Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Semantic communication technologies enable wireless edge devices to communicate effectively by transmitting semantic meaning of data. Edge components, such as vehicles in next-generation intelligent transport systems, use well-trained semantic models to encode and decode semantic information extracted from raw and sensor data. However, the limitation in computing resources makes it difficult to support the training process of accurate semantic models on edge devices. As such, edge devices can buy the pretrained semantic models from semantic model providers, which is called "semantic model trading". Upon collecting semantic information with the semantic models, the edge devices can then sell the extracted semantic information, e.g., information about urban road conditions or traffic signs, to the interested buyers for profit, which is called "semantic information trading". To facilitate both types of the trades, effective incentive mechanisms should be designed. Thus, in this paper, we propose a hierarchical trading system to support both semantic model trading and semantic information trading jointly. The proposed incentive mechanism helps to maximize the revenue of semantic model providers in the semantic model trading, and effectively incentivizes model providers to participate in the development of semantic communication systems. For semantic information trading, our designed auction approach can support the trading between multiple semantic information sellers and buyers, while ensuring individual rationality, incentive compatibility, and budget balance, and moreover, allowing them achieve higher utilities than the baseline method. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Commerce

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Multi-Object RANSAC: Efficient Plane Clustering Method in a Clutter

Multi-Object RANSAC: Efficient Plane Clustering Method in a ...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Seunghyeon Lim Youngjae Yoo Jun Ki Lee Byoung-Tak Zhang Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea AIIS Seoul National University Seoul Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

In this paper, we propose a novel method for plane clustering specialized in cluttered scenes using an RGB-D camera and validate its effectiveness through robot grasping experiments. Unlike existing methods, which focus on large- scale indoor structures, our approach—Multi-Object RANSAC emphasizes cluttered environments that contain a wide range of objects with different scales. It enhances plane segmentation by generating subplanes in Deep Plane Clustering (DPC) module, which are then merged with the final planes by postprocessing. DPC rearranges the point cloud by voting layers to make subplane clusters, trained in a self-supervised manner using pseudo-labels generated from RANSAC. Multi-Object RANSAC demonstrates superior plane instance segmentation performances over other recent RANSAC applications. We conducted an experiment on robot suction-based grasping, comparing our method with vision-based grasping network and RANSAC applications. The results from this real-world scenario showed its remarkable performance surpassing the baseline methods, highlighting its potential for advanced scene understanding and manipulation.

关键词： Point cloud compression Instance segmentation Clustering methods Robot vision systems Grasping Cameras Clutter

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Minimum time control of helicopter UAVs using computational dynamic optimization

Minimum time control of helicopter UAVs using computational ...

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International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA)

作者： K. Tang B. Wang W. Kang B. Chen Internship program Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Singapore Singapore Department of Applied Mathematics Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA

This paper focuses on the problem of minimum time trajectory planning for helicopter UAVs. It is formulated as a nonlinear optimal control subject to the dynamics and limitations of helicopter UAVs. The dynamical system is defined by a set of fifteen states nonlinear differential equations developed for HeLion, a UAV helicopter constructed in National University of Singapore (NUS). The problem is then solved numerically using pseudospectral method for dynamic optimization. The results show that minimum time trajectories are highly nonlinear that require complicated maneuvering.

关键词： Trajectory Helicopters Mathematical model Approximation methods Planning Aerodynamics Vectors

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External Lightning Protection System modeling on photovoltaic using ATP Draw

External Lightning Protection System modeling on photovoltai...

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International Conference on Electrical engineering, computer Science and Informatics (EECSI)

作者： Rohana Rohana Surya Hardi Nasaruddin Nasaruddin Yuwaldi Away Doctoral Program. School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia and Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Indonesia Dept. of Electrical Engineering Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

Solar energy is environmentally friendly energy with a very large energy source. Indonesia is also exploring and implementing renewable energy options including solar panels as a viable and long-term alternative to green technology. On the other hand, to get sufficient solar radiation, solar panel systems are generally located in open areas such as hillsides, deserts, and water surfaces, making them more vulnerable to lightning strikes. Lightning is one of the main threats to PLTS, a lot of damage to solar panels is caused by lightning. Direct and indirect lightning strikes have great potential to affect the entire solar panel farm system. The main objective of this study is to evaluate Lightning Protection System (LPS) modeling for network-connected solar panel (PV) farm systems using the ATP-EMTP software. Field observations and simulation tests are used to determine the position of the LPS and its installation structure. The rolling ball method is used to see the installed LPS protection radius. The results show that it is necessary to add LPS to the PV field. It was found that there was one additional LPS needed on the north side of the PV field, because that position was not protected by the radius of the lightning rod. From the simulation results, it was found that the LPS installation structure was good, because the results from the modeling of the isolated LPS lightning protection system were better to use than without installing LPS.

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