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The Usefulness of Overheard Information for Collision Avoidance in a Single-hop Underwater Acoustic Networks

Procedia engineering 2012年 32卷 329-335页

作者： N. Chirdchoo W.-S. Soh K.C. Chua P. Kovintavewat W. Cheunta Telecommunication Program Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat UniversityNakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Computer Industrial Technology Program Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat UniversityNakhon Pathom73000 Thailand

A MAC protocol that depends on overheard information for its collision avoidance, such as Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) [1], may not work well in underwater, due to the long propagation delay characteristic of an underwater acoustic (UWA) channel. In such channel, the overheard information may already become obsolete by the time it reaches the node and, thus, should not be taken into account in the collision avoidance mechanism. Intuitively, the degree of usefulness of overheard information plays an important role in determining the network performance for channel listening-based MAC protocols. In this paper, we analytically study the usefulness of overheard information for collision avoidance in two different channel listening-based MAC protocols: (1) CSMA [1] and (2) Aloha-CA [2]. From our study, it is shown that the overheard information is beneficial for collision avoidance only if certain conditions can be satisfied. More specifically, in order for a node that overhears an ongoing transmission to be able to utilize the extracted information for collision avoidance, the node must be within a bounded region that is determined by the relative positions of the sender and the receiver, the packet's transmission time, as well as the length of the packet's header. Based on this analysis, we also present the “usefulness index (U)” which is defined as the degree of usefulness of information overheard.

关键词： Underwater acoustic network MAC protocol design Channel listening Collision avoidance

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An electronically controlled current-mode triangular/square wave generator employing MO-CCCCTAs

An electronically controlled current-mode triangular/square ...

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International Conference on Electrical engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology

作者： Srisakul, T. Silapan, P. Siripruchyanun, M. Department of Electronics Phitsanulok Technical College Muang Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand Electrical and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Uttaradit 53000 Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok 10800 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781457704246

A new current-mode triangular/square wave generator based on MO-CCCCTAs (Multiple output current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifiers) is presented in this paper. The circuit description is very simple, its construction consists of 2 MO-CCCCTAs and 1 grounded capacitor without any external resistor. The output frequency and amplitude can be electronically/independently tuned via corresponding input bias currents. With mentioned features, it is very suitable to realize in a monolithic chip. The PSpice simulation results are depicted, and agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The maximum power consumption is approximately 1.62mW at ±1.5V power supply. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Square wave generators

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An electronically controlled current-mode triangular/square wave generator employing MO-CCCCTAs

An electronically controlled current-mode triangular/square ...

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International Conference on Electrical engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology, ECTI-CON

作者： T. Srisakul P. Silapan M. Siripruchyanun Department of Electronics Phitsanulok Technical College Phitsanulok Thailand Electrical and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Uttaradit Rajabhat University Uttaradit Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut''s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

关键词： Topology Equations computers Mathematical model SPICE

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A CMOS fully differential operational transconductance amplifier operating in sub-threshold region and its application

A CMOS fully differential operational transconductance ampli...

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2010 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing Systems, ICSPS 2010

作者： Chanapromma, Chaiyan Daoden, Kanchana Electric and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Uttaradit 53000 Thailand Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Uttaradit 53000 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424468911

A low-power, low-voltage CMOS fully differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) operating in weak inversion region is presented in this paper. The proposed element allows the use of very small current for low-power and low-voltage features. The performances are examined through PSPICE simulations, displaying usabilities of the new active element. The power consumption is about 221nW at ±0.75V and bias current IB is 50nA. The description includes example as a balance output full-wave rectifier. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Operational amplifiers

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A CMOS Fully Differential Operational Transconductance Amplifier Operating in Sub-threshold Region and Its Application

A CMOS Fully Differential Operational Transconductance Ampli...

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2010 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing System(2010年信号处理系统国际会议 ICSPS 2010)

作者： Chaiyan Chanapromma Kanchana Daoden Electric and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang U

A low-power, low-voltage CMOS fully differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) operating in weak inversion region is presented in this paper. The proposed element allows the use of very small current for lowpower and low-voltage features. The performances are examined through PSPICE simulations, displaying usabilities of the new active element The power consumption is about 22lnW at ± 0.75V and bias current IB is 50nA. The description includes example as a balance output full-wave rectifier.

关键词： fully operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) CMOS sub-threshold region lowpower low voltage

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NPN-only fully-differential ladder log-companding filter with well-defined operation points

NPN-only fully-differential ladder log-companding filter wit...

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2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2010

作者： Pookrongtong, Nattapon Chanapromma, Chaiyan Mahattanakul, Jirayuth Worapishet, Apisak Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahanakorn University of Technology Nong-Chok Bangkok 10530 Thailand Mahanakorn University of Technology 51 Cheum-Samphan Rd. Nong-Chok Bangkok 10530 Thailand Electrical Technology Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Uttaradit 53000 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424470105

This paper presents novel structure of the ladder-based fully-differential log-companding filter with well-defined operating points. The proposed filter structure is based on the exponential-state-space integrators with compatible input and output voltage levels. Based upon the proposed structure, the derivation of the NPN-only 7rd-order fully-differential log-companding Butterworth low-pass filter is demonstrated. Simulation results of the demonstrated filters are given. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Ladders

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Suitable forms of alternative electricity-supplementing energy for Chiang Rai province

Suitable forms of alternative electricity-supplementing ener...

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4th IASTED Asian Conference on Power and Energy Systems, AsiaPES 2010

作者： Nanglae, Wichit Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Chiangrai Rajabhat University 80 Moo 9 Rd. Phahon Yothin Tombon Bandoo Muang Chiangrai 57100 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9780889868557

The purpose of this study is to survey these natural energy resources such as Water Energy, Wind Energy and Solar Energy in each area of Chiang Rai and to find the suitable format of manufacturing electric current from natural energy area in Chiang Rai. The survey consists of acquiring natural energy in each area of Chiang Rai using a surveying tool as Flow water Meter, a Digital Anemometer, and Digital Light Meter. Wind energy uses 5 times measurement among 4 directions, north, south, east and west direction which 6 time ranges are verified from 08.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m., 12.00 a.m., 2.00 p.m., 4.00 p.m., and 6.00 p.m. after that the maximum value/day, minimum value/day, and total average values are calculated. Water energy with 5 times measurement are verified from 08.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m., 12.00 a.m., 2.00 p.m., 4.00 p.m., and 6.00 p.m. after that the maximum value/day, minimum value/day, total average values and using surveyed depth of water. Solar energy as well as ranging 5 times measurement during 08.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m., 12.00 a.m., 2.00 p.m., 4.00 p.m., 6.00 p.m. then the maximum value/day, minimum value/day, and total average value are calculated. Result of surveying the natural energy resources in Chiang Rai during August - October 2008 was Test Value of Wind Energy = 5 m/s, [11] for electric current can be generated in 6 sub districts in Tung Kor, Wiang Chiang Saen, Wiang Nuea, Ban Du Sub District Municipality, Pong Noi, and Mae Suai Sub District Municipality. Test Value of Solar Energy = 50,000 LUX, [11] for electric current can be generated in 13 sub districts, Chok Chai, Tung Kor, Nang Lae, Pa Ngae, Pa Tan, Pong Pa, Mae Kham, Wiang Nuea, Pong Noi, Mae Sai Sub District Municipality. Wiang Ka Long Sub District Municipality, muang Phan Sub District Municipality and Mae Suai Sub District Municipality. Test Value of Water Energy = 13 m/s, [11] for electric current can be generated in 2 Sub Districts, Wiang Chiang Saen and Chok Chai. Result of surveying the forma

关键词： Wind power

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A digitally programmable voltage-mode multifunction filter using CCDVCCs

A digitally programmable voltage-mode multifunction filter u...

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2009 9th International Symposium on Communications and Information technology, ISCIT 2009

作者： Chanapromma, Chaiyan Jaikla, Winai Siripruchyanun, Montree Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Muang Uttaradit 53000 Thailand Electric and Electronic Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Dusit Bangkok 10300 Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok 10800 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424445219

This article presents a voltage-mode multi-function filter performing completely standard functions: low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject and all-pass functions, current controlled differential voltage current conveyors (CCDVCCs). The features of the circuit are that: the quality factor and pole frequency can be tuned independently via the input bias currents: the circuit description is very simple, consisting of merely 2 CCDVCCs, 1 resistor and 2 capacitors. Only one external resistor and without any component matching conditions, the proposed circuit is very appropriate to further develop into an integrated circuit. Additionally, each function response can be selected by suitably selecting input signals with digital method. The PSPICE simulation results are depicted. The given results agree well with the theoretical anticipation. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Resistors

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A simple current-mode Schmitt trigger employing only single MO-CTTA

A simple current-mode Schmitt trigger employing only single ...

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International Conference on Electrical engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology, ECTI-CON

作者： Phamorn Silapan Montree Siripruchyanun Electrical and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Uttaradit Rajabhat University Mueang Uttaradit Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

A new current-mode Schmitt trigger based on MO-CTTA (Multiple output current through transconductance amplifier) is presented in this article. The circuit description is very simple, its construction consists of only single MO-CTTA. The hysteresis and amplitude of the output current can be tuned independently/electronically. With mentioned features, it is very suitable to realize in a monolithic chip. The PSPICE simulation and experimental results are depicted, and agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The maximum power consumption is approximately 249 mW at plusmn5 V supply voltages.

关键词： Trigger circuits Transconductance Voltage industrial training Hysteresis SPICE Circuit simulation Energy consumption Resistors Equivalent circuits

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A current-mode quadrature oscillator based on CC-CFAs

A current-mode quadrature oscillator based on CC-CFAs

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International Conference on Electrical engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology, ECTI-CON

作者： Jongjarean Kumbun Phamorn Silapan Montree Siripruchyanun Pipat Prommee Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industry and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Sakon Nakhon Thailand Electric and Industrial Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Uttaradit Rajabhat University Uttaradit Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Engineering of Communication and Information Technology King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

This article presents a current-mode quadrature oscillator using current controlled current feedback amplifiers (CC-CFAs) as active elements. The proposed circuit is realized from a lossy integrator and a lossy differentiator. The oscillation condition and oscillation frequency can be orthogonally controlled via input bias currents. The circuit description is very simple, consisting of merely 2 CC-CFAs, one grounded and floating capacitors. Without any external resistors and using a few number of external passive components, the proposed circuit is then suitable for IC architecture. The proposed circuit, due to high output impedances, enabling easy cascading in current-mode signal processing. The PSPICE simulation results are depicted, and the given results agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The power consumption is approximately 327 muW at plusmn1.5 V supply voltages.

关键词： Oscillators Feedback amplifiers Frequency Capacitors Resistors Impedance Signal processing SPICE Circuit simulation Energy consumption

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