Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can characterize vascular heterogeneity, and has potential utility in assessment of the efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors in cancer treatment. Due to th...
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can characterize vascular heterogeneity, and has potential utility in assessment of the efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors in cancer treatment. Due to the heterogeneous nature of tumor microvasculature, the measured signals can be represented as the mixture of the permeability images corresponding to different perfusion rates. We recently reported a hybrid convex analysis of mixture framework for unmixing of non-negative yet dependent angiogenic permeability distributions (APDs) and perfusion time activity curves (TACs). In our last work, we presented an underlying theory to infer the concept that the TACs can be identified by finding the lateral edges of an observation-constructed convex pyramid when the well-grounded points exist for all APDs. For fulfilling this concept, a hybrid method including non-negative clustered component analysis, convex analysis, and least-squares fitting with non-negativity constraints was developed. In this paper, we use computer simulations to validate the performance of our reported framework, and further apply it to three sets of real DCE-MRI data, before and during the treatment period, for assessing the response to antiangiogenic therapy. The experimental results are not only surprisingly meaningful in biology and clinic, but also capable of reflecting the efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors in cancer treatment.
This paper presents an experimental platform for measuring the mechanical properties of live biological cells. The polymer-based MEMS device integrates a V-shaped electrothermal actuator (ETA) array, a force sensor, a...
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We compare the characteristics and performance of joint (single-step) and sequential (two-step) approaches for creating sparse and structured acoustic signal representations derived using overcomplete methods (OMs). A...
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We compare the characteristics and performance of joint (single-step) and sequential (two-step) approaches for creating sparse and structured acoustic signal representations derived using overcomplete methods (OMs). A joint approach, such as molecular matching pursuit (MMP), attempts to find coherent structures in a signal as part of the decomposition process, while a sequential approach, such as agglomerative clustering (AC), attempts to find coherent structures after the signal decomposition. We review each approach, and examine their performance using real audio and music signals.
A pulsed power system has been constructed to explore conditions under which accurate pulsed power measurements can be made with both a thermal sensor and a diode sensor. For the thermal sensor, pulsed power is estima...
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A pulsed power system has been constructed to explore conditions under which accurate pulsed power measurements can be made with both a thermal sensor and a diode sensor. For the thermal sensor, pulsed power is estimated from a simple calculation based on the average power of the pulsed RF signal. For the diode sensor, gating is used to enable direct measurement of the pulsed power. As expected, the results of measurements taken with varying pulse lengths and a constant period show that the dynamic range of the thermal sensor is approximately proportional to the pulse length. The results also indicate that, while a thermal sensor can provide accurate results for many situations, the diode sensor can be used to measure with higher precision than the thermal sensor for lower duty cycles. The paper demonstrates a benchmarking procedure that can be used to explore limitations and capabilities of power sensors as well as elements such as the input RF switch used for pulsed power measurements.
Nanoscale porous silicon waveguides, both on silicon substrates and free-standing membranes, are explored for biosensing applications. Measured detection limits in the nanomolar range are reported for DNA sensing. ...
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Sub-nanosecond pulses generated in a microchip laser were amplified in an Yb-doped, polarization-maintaining fiber amplifier and converted with 24% efficiency to infrared wavelengths using a periodically poled lithium...
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The third international conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI-2008) was held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, March 12-15, 2008. The theme of HRI-2008, "living with robots," highlights the importance of t...
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A collision occurs when more than two tags present in the reader's field of a radio frequency identification system. Anti-collision algorithms such as binary trees and dynamic framed slotted aloha (DFSA) have been...
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A collision occurs when more than two tags present in the reader's field of a radio frequency identification system. Anti-collision algorithms such as binary trees and dynamic framed slotted aloha (DFSA) have been employed to prevent such a collision. The identification number of tag consists of 64 bits and certain parts of 64 bits can be considered a priori-information. This paper proposes a new anti-collision algorithm based on a-priori information about the manufacturer code. This prior-information reduces the number of bits to analyze in the algorithm, hence reduces the operation time for the faster read-performance. Results indicate that the proposed anti-collision algorithm required a less number of used time slots, thus minimizing the operation time more than 50% comparing to the existing ones.
We report on a novel three-dimensional Si p-n junction that is capable of performing photovoltaic energy conversion. Vertically aligned pores with a very high aspect ratio of ≫ 100 were formed into a p-type Si substra...
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We report on a novel three-dimensional Si p-n junction that is capable of performing photovoltaic energy conversion. Vertically aligned pores with a very high aspect ratio of ≫ 100 were formed into a p-type Si substrate through an electrochemical etching process. A conformal p-n junction was then created in the etched porous silicon region by introducing phosphorous dopants through proximity rapid thermal diffusion. Al electrodes were subsequently evaporated on the front and back sides of the diode to establish electrical contact to the n-type and p-type regions respectively. Typical device structures resulted in highly three-dimensional diodes with pores extending up to 100 μm deep into the bulk Si. Porous films this thick correspond to an effective internal surface area of ∼ 5150 cm 2 /cm 3 . This ultimately makes the device applicable to both inorganic and organic next generation photovoltaics where it is desirable to maximize the amount of interfacing surface to a given photoactive compound. Dark box and illuminated I–V measurements of the device demonstrated successful monolithic integration of a p-n diode and a high internal surface area host matrix.
An RFID system consists of an RFID reader, a server connected to a database, and RFID tags attached to the objects needed to be identified. We are interested in the case where two tags are needed to be simultaneously ...
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An RFID system consists of an RFID reader, a server connected to a database, and RFID tags attached to the objects needed to be identified. We are interested in the case where two tags are needed to be simultaneously scanned in a readerpsilas field, for which many protocols have been proposed in literature. They however are all insecure for the special case, where an adversary, acting as a reader, can penetrate the server and access data stored in the server. In this paper, we propose a protocol to remedy this problem for two-tag environment. In addition, it can be extended to more-than-two-tag environment without much increasing total amount of time to scan all the tags.
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