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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： H. Knidel L. Nunes de Castro F.J. Von Zuben Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinspired Computing-LBiC Department of Computer Engineering and Industrial Automation-DCA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering-FEEC State University of Campinas-UNICAMP Sao Paulo Brazil Graduate Program in Computer Science Catholic University of Santos Sao Paulo Brazil

This paper proposes a supervised version of a learning algorithm for a constructive neuro-immune network. The proposed methodology is developed by taking ideas from the immune system and learning vector quantization. The resulting classification algorithm is characterized by high-performance, similar to the ones produced by alternative methods in the literature, and parsimonious solutions, with a much smaller set of prototypes per class when compared with the other approaches. The number of prototypes is automatically defined by the convergence criterion. The algorithm requires a single user-defined parameter for training, associated with the convergence criterion, and the computational cost is sufficiently reduced to support applications involving large data sets.

关键词： Pattern classification Immune system Neurons Supervised learning Vector quantization Classification algorithms Prototypes Clustering algorithms Unsupervised learning Artificial neural networks

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Joint Code Acquisition and Channel Estimation for UWB Transmission

Joint Code Acquisition and Channel Estimation for UWB Transm...

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

作者： Matteo Sabattini Elias Masry Laurence B. Milstein UC Discovery Grant Program of the State of California Center of Wireless Communication USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego CA USA

This paper deals with joint channel estimation and pseudo-noise code acquisition for ultra-wideband communications. The estimation and acquisition in a realistic frequency selective channel, and in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise are based on the maximum-likelihood criterion. In particular, three systems are considered, namely, time-hopping, direct-sequence, and bi-orthogonal time-hopping CDMA digital systems. The efficiency of the synchronization process and the quality of the channel estimates are assessed and compared via analysis and simulations. Specifically, the performance of different systems are compared in terms of probability of correct synchronization, mean-square error of the channel estimates, and bit-error-rate.

关键词： Channel estimation Frequency synchronization Multiaccess communication Maximum likelihood estimation Signal resolution Ultra wideband technology Frequency estimation Analytical models Bit error rate Delay

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Design and evaluation of innoworks: A portable, interdisciplinary science and engineering program.by volunteer college students for middle school youth from underprivileged backgrounds

Design and evaluation of innoworks: A portable, interdiscipl...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Hwang, William Bissell, Ahrash Kaplan, Daniel Mian, Matthew Agrawal, Vineet Manson, Jessica Ybarra, Gary United InnoWorks Academy Duke University United States Duke Univ. Majoring in Biomed. Eng. Elec. and Comp. Eng. and Phys. and Minoring in Chem. United States Duke University United States Duke University Chicago United States Funding and Sponsorships InnoWorks Duke University's Pratt School of Engineering United States InnoWorks Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University's Prattt School of Engineering United States

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Optimizing Wireless Communication using Adaptive Packet Sizing and Turbo Codes

Optimizing Wireless Communication using Adaptive Packet Sizi...

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Wireless Telecommunications Symposium, WTS

作者： Manish S. Mittal Jill Gemmill Helmuth F. Orthner Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alabama Birmingham UK Department of Academic Computing University of Alabama Birmingham UK Department of HSA-Health Informatics Program University of Alabama Birmingham UK

Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have very dynamic channel properties and the data communication suffers from interference, multi-path fading and noise. Since wireless devices are mobile, factors such as energy consumption, effective coverage area and most of all reliability and quality of service are of key importance. The 802.11a/b/g wireless protocols employ static link layer control and transmit packets/frames with pre-determined sizes. This paper focuses on benefits derived from combining adaptive packet/frame sizing with forward error correcting (FEC) turbo codes. Protecting the data frames on the channel, using FEC enhances efficiency of dynamic packet sizing and is shown to increase energy efficiency and communication range. Adaptive packet sizing software from SmartPackets Inc. and turbo code simulations are used to discover parameters that are common to both and affect communication efficiency. A multi-fold improvement in throughput is found when these technologies are used simultaneously

关键词： Wireless communication Turbo codes Forward error correction Wireless networks Data communication Interference Fading Energy consumption Telecommunication network reliability Quality of service

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N-Sequence RSNS Redundancy Analysis

N-Sequence RSNS Redundancy Analysis

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Brian L. Luke Phillip. E. Pace Program Development Team Navy Information Operations Command Suitland Fort Meade MD USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)142440505X

Without dispute, symmetrical folding waveforms are the most common type of waveform in engineering science (e.g., cosine, sine). symmetrical number systems (SNS) have been formed to extract the maximum amount of information from symmetrically folded waveforms. The robust symmetrical number system (RSNS) is formed using N ges 2 sequences and ensures that two successive RSNS vectors differ by only one digit. This Gray-code property reduces the possibility of encoding errors and makes the RSNS useful in applications such as folding analog-to-digital converters, direction finding antenna architectures and photonic processors. This paper determines the length of combined sequences that contain no ambiguities (Mcirc) which we call the RSNS dynamic range. The position of M is also derived. We first extend our two-sequence results to develop Mcirc for a three-sequence RSNS with moduli of the form 2 r - 1, 2 r , 2 r + 1. We then extend the results to solving the N-channel RSNS redundancy locations in general

关键词： Dynamic range Redundancy Information analysis Military computing Data mining Robustness Encoding Analog-digital conversion Directive antennas Reflective binary codes

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Diamond Ultramicroelectrode Chemical Sensing Arrays

Diamond Ultramicroelectrode Chemical Sensing Arrays

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： W.P. Kang J.L. Davidson K.L. Soh Y.M. Wong D.E. Cliffel A.B. Bonds Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Diamond ultramicroelectrode arrays (D-UMEAs) have been fabricated and evaluated experimentally for chemical sensing. D-UMEAs were found to demonstrate higher current density per unit active area than planar diamond macroelectrode and glassy carbon electrode. D-UMEAs could address new operating envelopes in electrochemical detection, and provide stable sensor electrodes for bio and extreme environments.

关键词： Sensor arrays USA Councils Fabrication Microelectrodes Chemical sensors Envelope detectors Chemical and biological sensors Biosensors Biomedical electrodes Powders

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Field-Measured Natural Frequencies of Delaware Memorial Bridge

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Transportation Research Record 2006年第1期1976卷 114 - 123页

作者： Ralph Alan Dusseau John R. Jones Ravi P. Ramachandran Carlos C. Sun Glenn Arr Civil and Environmental Engineering Program College of Engineering Rowan University 201 Mullica Hill Road Glassboro New Jersey 08028-1701. Delaware River and Bay Authority P.O. Box 71 New Castle DE 19720. Electrical and Computer Engineering Program College of Engineering Rowan University 201 Mullica Hill Road Glassboro New Jersey 08028-1701. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Missouri–Columbia E2509 Lafferre Hall Columbia MO 65211-2200.

The Delaware Memorial Bridge is a major suspension bridge that is critical to the tristate region of northern Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The Delaware Memorial Bridge consists of two nearly identical suspension bridges (hence, the nickname Twin Spans) that cross the Delaware River from southern New Jersey to northern Delaware. Field ambient vibration measurements of Structures 1 and 2 of the Delaware Memorial Bridge were conducted in June 2001 and September 2003. These measurements were used to derive the natural frequencies and modes of vibration for these structures. These field-measured frequencies and modes were then compared with each other and with computer-generated natural frequencies and modes of vibration derived for Structure 2 of the Delaware Memorial Bridge in 1997. Specifically, the 2001 seismometer-generated results for Structure 1 were compared with the 2003 accelerometer-generated results for Structure 1; the 2003 field-measured results for Structure 2 were compared with the 2003 field-measured results for Structure 1; and the 2003 field-measured results for Structure 2 were compared with the 1997 computer-generated results for Structure 2. Overall, these three types of comparisons indicated relatively good correlation for transverse motion but only fair correlation for longitudinal and vertical motion.

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Work Function of Cathode Emitter Materials Obtained by Ab-initio Quantum Mechanical Modeling

Work Function of Cathode Emitter Materials Obtained by Ab-in...

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International Conference on Vacuum Electronics

作者： V. Vlahos E.F. Holby A.K. Berta D.D. Morgan J.H. Booske University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA 1415 Engineering Dr. Madison WI University of Wisconsin Madison USA Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Madison WI Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Madison WI Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA

The work function of a material is a very important figure of merit in determining the material's applicability as an efficient electron emitter. Consequently, the work function of a variety of materials utilized in both thermionic and field-assisted cathodes for electron emission was investigated computationally using ab-initio quantum mechanical modeling methods based on the density functional theory (DFT) approach (Hohenberg and Kohm, 1964). This approach enables the detailed and self-consistent treatment of a system utilizing quantum mechanical principles and yields accurate information pertaining to its electronic properties. Of particular interest are cesium-iodide (CsI) coated carbon-based cathodes (Shiffler et al., 2004), which comprise a very promising class of cold field emitters capable of operating at low global electric fields. However, the exact origin of their enhanced emission properties is not clear, and a better understanding is necessary for further improvement and optimization of this technology. We apply ab-initio quantum mechanical modeling for understanding the origin of the fundamental emission mechanisms of this material system

关键词： Cathodes Quantum mechanics Quantum computing Atomic layer deposition Materials science and technology Thermionic emission Electron emission Density functional theory Convergence of numerical methods Slabs

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A biomimetic MEMS neurotransmitter detector

A biomimetic MEMS neurotransmitter detector

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10th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2006

作者： Koev, Stephan T. Wu, Li-Qun Payne, Gregory F. Ghodssi, Reza Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

We demonstrate, for the first time, micromechanical detection of the neurotransmitter dopamine and its discrimination from ascorbic acid. Microcantilever sensors were fabricated and coated with the polysaccharide chitosan by electrodeposition. The cantilevers were used for electrochemical oxidation of dopamine solution. The products of this reaction crosslink the chitosan film and create a tensile stress, bending the cantilever out of plane considerably. By contrast, electrochemical oxidation of ascorbic acid solution does not cause chitosan crosslinking and appreciable cantilever bending. This method is an improvement over conventional electrochemical dopamine detection techniques (e.g. cyclic voltammetry) that are highly non-specific. © 2006 Society for Chemistry and Micro-Nano Systems.

关键词： Chitosan

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Multiday Electrophysiological Recordings from Freely Behaving Primates

Multiday Electrophysiological Recordings from Freely Behavin...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Vikash Gilja Michael D. Linderman Gopal Santhanam Afsheen Afshar Stephen Ryu Teresa H. Meng Krishna V. Shenoy Department of Computer Science University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA School of Medicine University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California USA Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University Stanford California USA Neurosciences Program Stanford University Stanford California USA

Continuous multiday broadband neural data provide a means for observing effects at fine timescales over long periods. In this paper we present analyses on such data sets to demonstrate neural correlates for physically active and inactive time periods, as defined by the response of a head-mounted accelerometer. During active periods, we found that 5-25 Hz local field potential (LFP) power was significantly reduced, firing rate variability increased, and firing rates have greater temporal correlation. Using a single threshold fit to LFP power, 93% of the 403 5 minute blocks tested were correctly classified as active or inactive (as labeled by thresholding each block's maximal accelerometer magnitude). These initial results motivate the use of such data sets for testing neural prosthetics systems and for finding the neural correlates of natural behaviors

关键词： Accelerometers Batteries Magnetic heads USA Councils Cities and towns Electrophysiology computer science Neurosurgery Data analysis Testing

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