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Deep Learning in Smart Healthcare: A GAN-based Approach for Imbalanced Alzheimer's Disease Classification

Procedia computer Science 2024年 241卷 146-153页

作者： Hina Tufail Abdul Ahad Ira Puspitasari Ibraheem Shayea Paulo Jorge Coelho Ivan Miguel Pires Department of Computer Science University of Management and Technology Sialkot Pakistan Information System Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian Shaanxi P.R. China Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Istanbul Technical University(ITU) Turkey Polytechnic University of Leiria Leiria Portugal Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers at Coimbra (INESC Coimbra) Coimbra Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda Universidade de Aveiro Águeda Portugal

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of dementia that leads to memory loss and impairment, which afects patients’ lives badly. It is not curable yet, but its progression can be slowed down if detected at earlier stages. In this research study, we propose a transfer learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into one of four stages of Alzheimer's disease. One of the major limitations of the deep learning-based classification model is the non-availability of healthcare datasets related to AD. The widely used Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset has a major class imbalance issue. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) based data augmentation technique to overcome the data imbalance. This promotes the investigation of applying GANs to generate synthetic samples for minority classes in Alzheimer's disease datasets to enhance classification performance. The results show the progression in the overall classification process of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer disease (AD) Deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)

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Unbiased Approximations for Stationary Distributions of McKean-Vlasov SDEs

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Awadelkarim, Elsiddig Chada, Neil K. Jasra, Ajay Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen China

We consider the development of unbiased estimators, to approximate the stationary distribution of Mckean-Vlasov stochastic differential equations (MVSDEs). These are an important class of processes, which frequently appear in applications such as mathematical finance, biology and opinion dynamics. Typically the stationary distribution is unknown and indeed one cannot simulate such processes exactly. As a result one commonly requires a time-discretization scheme which results in a discretization bias and a bias from not being able to simulate the associated stationary distribution. To overcome this bias, we present a new unbiased estimator taking motivation from the literature on unbiased Monte Carlo. We prove the unbiasedness of our estimator, under assumptions. In order to prove this we require developing ergodicity results of various discrete time processes, through an appropriate discretization scheme, towards the invariant measure. Numerous numerical experiments are provided, on a range of MVSDEs, to demonstrate the effectiveness of our unbiased estimator. Such examples include the Currie-Weiss model, a 3D neuroscience model and a parameter estimation problem. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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(10$\bar{1}$3)-oriented semipolar GaN growth on (10$\bar{1}$0) m-plane ScAlMgO4 substrate

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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 2024年第10期63卷 101001-101001页

作者： Mohammed A. Najmi Daisuke Iida Kazuhiro Ohkawa Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

We report the growth of a GaN layer on a (10\bar{1}0)m-plane ScAlMgO4 (SAM) substrate. The GaN layer demonstrated (10\bar{1}3) preference growth orientation. The anisotropy of the crystalline quality was distinctly ob...

We report the growth of a GaN layer on a $$(10\bar<img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNkYAAAAAYAAjCB0C8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=" data-src="https://***/journals/1347-4065/63/10/101001/revision2/***" style="max-width: 100%;" alt="$(10\bar{1}3)$" align="top">0)$ m-plane ScAlMgO₄ (SAM) substrate. The GaN layer demonstrated $(10\bar<img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNkYAAAAAYAAjCB0C8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=" data-src="https://***/journals/1347-4065/63/10/101001/revision2/***" style="max-width: 100%;" alt="$(10\bar{1}3)$" align="top">3)$ preference growth orientation. The anisotropy of the crystalline quality was distinctly observed through an X-ray rocking curve (XRC) taken across the sample surface over various azimuths across the orthogonal directions [0001] and $[1\bar<img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNkYAAAAAYAAjCB0C8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=" data-src="https://***/journals/1347-4065/63/10/101001/revision2/***" style="max-width: 100%;" alt="$[1\bar{2}10]$" align="top">10]$ of the SAM substrate. Notably, the crystalline quality exhibited gradual degradation as the substrate was rotated around its surface normal away from the c-direction

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Fast Measurement of Impedance Calculation for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Fast Measurement of Impedance Calculation for Electrochemica...

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International SoC Design Conference, ISOCC

作者： En-Chi Yang Suz-Ting Wang Kusn-Lin Liu Wen-Ho Juang Ming-Hwa Sheu How-Chiun Wu Shin-Chi Lai Dept. Electronics Engineering / Dept. Doctor’s Program of Smart Industry Technology Research and Design National Yunlin University of Science and Technology / National Formosa University Douliu Taiwan / Huwei Taiwan Dept. Doctor’s Program of Smart Industry Technology Research and Design National Formosa University Huwei Taiwan Dept. Electronics Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Taiwan Dept. Computer Science and Information Engineering National Formosa University Huwei Taiwan Dept. Natural Biotechnology Nanhua University Chiayi Taiwan Dept. Automation Engineering & Smart Machinery and Intelligent Manufacturing Research Center National Formosa University Huwei Taiwan

This paper presents a design for a fast measurement electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) system, which differs from the traditional single-frequency point calculation approach. The proposed system is capable of simultaneously measuring 23 frequency points within the frequency range of 1Hz-10KHz. Additionally, it has an impedance measurement range of 100$\omega$ - 1M$\omega$. The experimental results demonstrate that the average MRE and PAE are both below 0.4% and 1°, with conditions of R=9940 $\omega$ and C=1.02uF.

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LaPE: Layer-adaptive Position Embedding for Vision Transformers with Independent Layer Normalization

LaPE: Layer-adaptive Position Embedding for Vision Transform...

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International Conference on computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Runyi Yu Zhennan Wang Yinhuai Wang Kehan Li Chang Liu Haoyi Duan Xiangyang Ji Jie Chen School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China AI for Science (AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Department of Automation and BNRist Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Zhejiang China

Position information is critical for Vision Transformers (VTs) due to the permutation-invariance of self-attention operations. A typical way to introduce position information is adding the absolute Position Embedding (PE) to patch embedding before entering VTs. However, this approach operates the same Layer Normalization (LN) to token embedding and PE, and delivers the same PE to each layer. This results in restricted and monotonic PE across layers, as the shared LN affine parameters are not dedicated to PE, and the PE cannot be adjusted on a per-layer basis. To overcome these limitations, we propose using two independent LNs for token embeddings and PE in each layer, and progressively delivering PE across layers. By implementing this approach, VTs will receive layer-adaptive and hierarchical PE. We name our method as Layer-adaptive Position Embedding, abbreviated as LaPE, which is simple, effective, and robust. Extensive experiments on image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation demonstrate that LaPE significantly outperforms the default PE method. For example, LaPE improves +1.06% for CCT on CIFAR100, +1.57% for DeiT-Ti on ImageNet-1K, +0.7 box AP and +0.5 mask AP for ViT-Adapter-Ti on COCO, and +1.37 mIoU for tiny Segmenter on ADE20K. This is remarkable considering LaPE only increases negligible parameters, memory, and computational cost.

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Identification of D- and L-Phenylalanine Enantiomeric Mixtures by Employing Deep Neural Network Models

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Nigdelioglu, Ebru Toprak, Elif Guney Akkurt, Melike Erol Barkana, Duygun Kazanci, Murat Uyaver, Sahin Calik, Nurullah Istanbul Medeniyet University Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Program Graduate School Istanbul Medeniyet University Istanbul34700 Turkey Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Engineering and Natural Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering Istanbul Turkey Istanbul34700 Turkey Yeditepe University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kayışdagı Istanbul34755 Turkey Marmara University Faculty of Technology Department of Computer Engineering Maltepe Istanbul34854 Turkey

Phenylalanine is an aromatic essential amino acid that exhibits the tendency to self-aggregate into fibrillar structures in its enantiomerically pure form. This observation was indicated as the underlying mechanism of phenylketonuria, which is a genetic condition associated with various neurological, physical, and developmental issues, characterized with phenylalanine buildup in the brain. The presence of D-phenylalanine was demonstrated previously to inhibit the formation of fibrils by L-phenlyalanine, indicating its potential use in phenylketonuria treatment. In this study, several combinations of D and L-phenylalanine were examined with the help of state-of-the-art deep learning methods for their fibril forming capacity, demonstrating the usefulness and accuracy of deep learning methods in distinguishing between different self-assembled structures. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Self assembly

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First Demonstration of HZO-LNOI Integrated Ferroelectric Electro-Optic Modulator and Memory to Enable Reconfigurable Photonic Systems

First Demonstration of HZO-LNOI Integrated Ferroelectric Ele...

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International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

作者： Zefeng Xu Chun-Kuei Chen Hong-Lin Lin Yuan Gao Wei Ke Baochang Xu Pavel Dmitriev Carlan Arbiz Evgeny Zamburg Steven Touzard Xinlun Cai James Lee Suresh Venkatesan Aaron Danner Aaron Voon-Yew Thean Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore (NUS) Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program NUS Graduate School Singapore Next-Generation Hybrid μ-Electronics Center (SHINE) Singapore School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-Sen University China 510275 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies NUS POET Technologies

We have successfully demonstrated, for the first time, an innovative back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible electro-optic modulator and memory (EOMM) based on Lithium Niobate on Insulator (LNOI) micro-ring resonator (MRR) integrated with Ferroelectric Hafnium Zirconate Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O (HZO) non-volatile analog memory. High non-volatile memory and modulation performances are both achieved in a single compact device, exhibiting high extinction ratio of 13.3 dB, excellent efficiency of 66pm/V, stable nine-state switching, record-high endurance exceeding 10 9 cycles. This is accomplished by utilizing Pockels effect in LNOI, induced by electric-field effect from remnant HZO ferroelectric polarization. We studied the system implementation of reconfigurable chiplet-interposer photonic interconnect, enabled by the EOMM and EOMM with hybrid thermal-optical modulation. Our model shows a potential 70% energy efficiency improvement over conventional electrical interposer interconnect. We have also tested the integration of the EOMM with POET technologies’ 400G Tx/Rx optical interposer chip and studied a limited scale demonstration of the EOMM device.

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IoT Attack Detection and Prevention Through Machine Learning System

IoT Attack Detection and Prevention Through Machine Learning...

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Communication, Security and Artificial Intelligence (ICCSAI), International Conference on

作者： Kanishk Agrawal Pavan Kumar Reddy Poli Yash Gupta Garv Juneja Adhip Kishen Bopaiah Dinesh Ashok Arani Department of IET CSE Manglayatan University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India Managing Information Technology Implementations Program management for fortune 6 Healthcare Company USA Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Delhi India ICT Trainer Trinity College Bangalore India Manglayatan University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India

Attacks on web applications are constantly growing in both frequency and severity. Abundant data on the internet stimulates hackers to attempt different types of cyberattacks. Attack detection using conventional approaches and outdated data processing techniques has become outmoded as a result of this development. The purpose of this study is to investigate IoT attacks and discuss the efficient ML technique implementation strategies for restricting security risks. Among different security techniques, Machine learning (ML) systems demonstrated commendable feasibility in improving network and device security for the Internet of Things. The study with contextual research recognises and comprehends that modified “Support Vector Machine (SVM)” as well as “Random Forest (RF)” ML techniques showed optimal performance in IoT attack detection and prevention.

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Deep Learning with Greedy Layer-Wise Compound Scaling for Temperature and Humidity Prediction in Solar Dryer Dome

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Cenggoro, Tjeng Wawan Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Dominic, Nicholas Setiawan, Karli Eka Rahutomo, Reza Djuana, Endang Gunawan, Fergyanto E. Budiman, Arief S. Romeli, Sugiarto Pardamean, Bens Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Trisakti Jakarta11440 Indonesia Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Department of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering and Technology Oregon Institute of Technology Klamath FallsOR97601 United States PT. Impack Pratama Industri Jakarta Indonesia

Drying has been an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method to reduce post-harvest losses of agricultural crops. In various countries, the technique has been widely utilized in the form of Solar Dryer Dome (SDD) buildings. Accurate indoor microclimate forecasting is very important to implement smart control systems in SDDs that can maintain the ideal conditions, as the availability of solar energy is limited only at daytimes and the temperature may drop significantly during nighttimes in remote areas. The microclimate variables that play an important role in maintaining ideal environmental conditions include temperature and relative humidity. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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Alert and Response of Earthquake and Tsunami for Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction 2

Alert and Response of Earthquake and Tsunami for Community B...

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2nd International Conference on Sciences and technology Applications, ICOSTA 2020

作者： Retno Susilorini, Rr M. I. Pamudji, Andre Kurniawan Sanjaya, Ridwan Ismail, Amrizarois Amasto, Ardhito Hayyu Department of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Indonesia Master Program of Environmental and Urban Studies Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Indonesia Department of Information System Faculty of Computer Science Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Indonesia

Indonesia had been suffered by earthquake and tsunami for many centuries. Since many lives have taken by tsunami strikes, alert and response system are very important as important part of Disaster Risk Reduction, especially in area with high population density. This research conducted in Kangkung fishing village in Bandar Lampung coastal area which is an earthquake and tsunami prone area. The aim of the research is to study alert and response of Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction. The research conducted by qualitative method and purposive-descriptive approach. There were 53 respondents which participated in the survey and interview. It is reported that "Smart Resilient City"model suitable for community needs of alert and response of earthquake and tsunami disaster. This research meets conclusion that "Smart Resilient City"model may become a great solution in Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction to cope with the hazard of earthquake and tsunami comprehensively and sustainably. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Surveys

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