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A Portable Device for Real-time Continuous Drug Monitoring in Freely Moving Small Animals

Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2025年

作者： Yurii Tsyban Saptami Suresh Shetty Yanyan Li José Ilton de Oliveira Filho Jasmeen S. Merzaban Khaled Nabil Salama Bioengineering Program Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Bioscience Program Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering and Computer Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence on Smart Health King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The large size and operational constraints of benchtop potentiostats, which typically require the use of anesthetized animals, have posed significant challenges for conducting real-time, long-term pharmacokinetic studies in freely moving subjects. This research addresses these challenges by developing a compact, portable electrochemical sensing platform capable of monitoring drug concentrations in real time within natural, dynamic environments. The system integrates lightweight, miniaturized electronics, and multiple electrochemical techniques with onboard data processing to eliminate the need for external computational support, while its energy-efficient design reduces reliance on large batteries. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the device reliably measures drug concentrations using aptamer-based sensors and processes signals with baseline correction and drift compensation in situ. Unlike implantable systems, our externally mounted device offers the flexibility of quick attachment and replacement without surgical intervention, preserving animal welfare. These advancements open new avenues for pharmacokinetic research and closed-loop drug delivery systems by enabling continuous, high-frequency measurements in awake, freely moving small animals.

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Optimal targeted advertising strategy for secure wireless edge metaverse

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Kim, Dong In Miao, Chunyan The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Recently, Metaverse has attracted increasing attention from both industry and academia, because of the significant potential to integrate real and digital worlds ever more seamlessly. By combining advanced wireless communications, edge computing and virtual reality (VR) technologies into Metaverse, a multidimensional, intelligent and powerful wireless edge Metaverse is created for future human society. In this paper, we design a privacy preserving targeted advertising strategy for the wireless edge Metaverse. Specifically, a Metaverse service provider (MSP) allocates bandwidth to the VR users so that the users can access Metaverse from edge access points. To protect users’ privacy, the covert communication technique is used in the downlink. Then, the MSP can offer high-quality access services to earn more profits. Motivated by the concept of "covert", targeted advertising is used to promote the sale of bandwidth and ensure that the advertising strategy cannot be detected by competitors who may make counter-offer and by attackers who want to disrupt the services. We derive the best advertising strategy in terms of budget input, with the help of the Vidale-Wolfe model and Hamiltonian function. Furthermore, we propose a novel metric named Meta-Immersion to represent the user’s experience feelings. The performance evaluation shows that the MSP can boost its revenue with an optimal targeted advertising strategy, especially compared with that without the advertising. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Bayesian Parameter Inference for Partially Observed Diffusions using Multilevel Stochastic Runge-Kutta Methods

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Moral, Pierre Del Hu, Shulan Jasra, Ajay Ruzayqat, Hamza Wang, Xinyu Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux FR Bordeaux33405 France School of Mathematics and Statistics Wenlan School of Business China Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Zhongnan University of Economics and Law CN China

We consider the problem of Bayesian estimation of static parameters associated to a partially and discretely observed diffusion process. We assume that the exact transition dynamics of the diffusion process are unavailable, even up-to an unbiased estimator and that one must time-discretize the diffusion process. In such scenarios it has been shown how one can introduce the multilevel Monte Carlo method to reduce the cost to compute posterior expected values of the parameters for a pre-specified mean square error (MSE);see [12]. These afore-mentioned methods rely on upon the Euler-Maruyama discretization scheme which is well-known in numerical analysis to have slow convergence properties. We adapt stochastic Runge-Kutta (SRK) methods for Bayesian parameter estimation of static parameters for diffusions. This can be implemented in high-dimensions of the diffusion and seemingly under-appreciated in the uncertainty quantification and statistics fields. For a class of diffusions and SRK methods, we consider the estimation of the posterior expectation of the parameters. We prove that to achieve a MSE of O(ϵ2), for ϵ > 0 given, the associated work is O(ϵ−2). Whilst the latter is achievable for the Milstein scheme, this method is often not applicable for diffusions in dimension larger than two. We also illustrate our methodology in several numerical examples. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diffusion

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Theoretical Modelling of Smart Meter Privacy Protection with Multi-meter Energy Routing 4

Theoretical Modelling of Smart Meter Privacy Protection with...

引用

4th IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things, SmartIoT 2020

作者： Ergen, Cankut Gulbahar, Burhan Ozyegin University Graduate School of Engineering and Science MSc Program of Computer Science Istanbul34794 Turkey Ozyegin University Applied Research Center of Technology Products Istanbul34794 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165141

Potential of intrusion during smart meter data collection is an important problem for household privacy in next-generation smart homes. There are various privacy protection methods such as hiding the real usage with renewable batteries (RBs) and encrypted communication. There are privacy threats due to the detection of the energy transfer through RBs while encryption-based methods result in high computational complexity. In this study, a novel privacy improvement mechanism is proposed based on the routing of energy through multiple smart meters among multiple houses in a neighborhood. The optimization of privacy based on uniform randomization is theoretically modeled and some heuristic solutions are presented. In this method, energy transfer is randomly distributed among multiple smart meters, real usage of a house is buffered with the RB and smart meter indices are randomly selected. In numerical simulations, privacy improvement is shown by utilizing the random selection of smart meter indices for randomizing the energy routing and the buffers of RBs. Furthermore, energy privacy (EP) metric validating the simulation results is defined. Energy routing with multiple smart meters provides a practical and low complexity privacy protection mechanism for next-generation smart grid architectures. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Smart meters

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Two-stage channel estimation for hybrid RIS assisted MIMO systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Schroeder, Rafaela He, Jiguang Brante, Glauber Juntti, Markku Centre for Wireless Communications- Radio Technologies University of Oulu FI-90014 Finland Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology Paraná Brazil

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have been proposed as a key enabler to improve the coverage of the signals and mitigate the frequent blockages in millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications. However, the channel state information (CSI) acquisition is one of the major challenges for the practical deployment of the RIS. The passive RIS without any baseband processing capabilities brings difficulty on the channel estimation (CE), since the individual channels or the cascaded one can be estimated only at base station (BS) via uplink training or mobile station (MS) via downlink training. In order to facilitate the CSI acquisition, we focus on the hybrid RIS architecture, where a small number of elements are active and able to receive and process the pilot signals at the RIS. The CE is performed in two stages by following the atomic norm minimization to recover the channel parameters, i.e., angles of departure (AoDs), angles of arrival (AoAs), and propagation path gains. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can outperform the passive RIS CE under the same training overhead. Furthermore, we also study the theoretical performance limits in terms of mean square error (MSE) via Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) analyses. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Channel estimation

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Chat-UniVi: Unified Visual Representation Empowers Large Language Models with Image and Video Understanding

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Jin, Peng Takanobu, Ryuichi Zhang, Wancai Cao, Xiaochun Yuan, Li School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China -Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China Nari Technology Co. Ltd. China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Campus Shenzhen China

Large language models have demonstrated impressive universal capabilities across a wide range of open-ended tasks and have extended their utility to encompass multimodal conversations. However, existing methods encounter challenges in effectively handling both image and video understanding, particularly with limited visual tokens. In this work, we introduce Chat-UniVi, a Unified Vision-language model capable of comprehending and engaging in conversations involving images and videos through a unified visual representation. Specifically, we employ a set of dynamic visual tokens to uniformly represent images and videos. This representation framework empowers the model to efficiently utilize a limited number of visual tokens to simultaneously capture the spatial details necessary for images and the comprehensive temporal relationship required for videos. Moreover, we leverage a multi-scale representation, enabling the model to perceive both high-level semantic concepts and low-level visual details. Notably, Chat-UniVi is trained on a mixed dataset containing both images and videos, allowing direct application to tasks involving both mediums without requiring any modifications. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that Chat-UniVi consistently outperforms even existing methods exclusively designed for either images or videos. Code is available at https://***/PKU-YuanGroup/Chat-UniVi. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Developing a medical artificial intelligence course for high school students

Developing a medical artificial intelligence course for high...

引用

International Forum on Medical Imaging in Asia 2021, IFMIA 2021

作者： Huang, Chao-Jung Wu, Tinghui Lu, Jui-Ting Lin, Beatrice Chang, Dawei Wang, Pochuan Wang, Mei-Chi Lee, Peijung Wang, Weichung National Taiwan University-Stanford Joint Program Office of AI in Biotechnology Ministry of Science and Technology Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology and All Vista Healthcare Taipei Taiwan Institute of Applied Mathematical Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Mathematics Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon Lyon France Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Mathematics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510644212

ISBN: (纸本)9781510644205

Artificial intelligence (AI) training courses often require prerequisites such as calculus or statistics. It is hence challenging to design and develop an introductory AI course for students of secondary education. This research intends to develop a medical AI course, provide high school students with an overview of deep learning applications in medical image analysis, and inspire them to pursue careers in the field of medical AI. We designed a 20-hour course, including lectures and two hands-on projects based on medical image classification. The proposed courses provided medical AI disciplines and built up their knowledge from basic to advanced levels. During the ten-day online courses, all the students were fully engaged and gave us positive feedback. The students endeavored to complete the experimental study in training, testing, and hypothesis of medical images application in the course. Their performance exceeded all expectations, for they did further analysis by tuning different hyperparameters. We designed a course evaluation form, which suggested that the students found it essential and expected to interact with the instructors. The results indicate that combining lectures with hands-on sessions would lead to evidently better achievement in terms of high school students' medical AI knowledge and positive attitudes while addressing real-world problems in the projects. Through this innovative education model, high school students regained their enthusiasm and were encouraged to cultivate their medical AI skills through self-learning while finishing the project. We conclude that this course could be successfully applied to interdisciplinary education in high school. © 2021 SPIE.

关键词： Students

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Nonsaturated large magnetoresistance and transport dynamics in a n-doped cryogenic WSe2 field-effect device

引用

Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125307-125307页

作者： Wei-Chen Lin Ching-Chen Yeh Jia-Zhu Zou Nhat Anh Nguyen Phan Inayat Uddin Hai Yen Le Thi Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gil-Ho Kim Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 164 Republic of Korea Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan

Interest in the two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) continues to intensify, driven by their suitable band gaps to supplant silicon as next-generation semiconductor materials. Among various TMDs, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is renowned for its superior electrical properties in carrier density and mobility under ambient conditions. Despite its notable attributes, the behavior of monolayer WSe2 in the electron-doped regime under cryogenic conditions remains largely uncharted, particularly concerning its magnetotransport properties. In this study, we reveal the transport mechanisms of monolayer WSe2 from high temperatures down to the cryogenic regime. As evident by Efros–Shklovskii variable-range hopping (E-S VRH) in the cryogenic regime, strong Coulomb interactions arise between electrons. Above 8 K, an uncommon nonsaturated quadratic large magnetoresistance (MR) can be explained by the wave-function shrinkage model, which is consistent with the E-S VRH transport mechanism. Notably, the nonsaturated quadratic large MR shows a magnitude up to 1740% at 13 T. These findings underscore the potential applications for monolayer WSe2 in cryogenic field-effect devices, magnetic sensors, and memory devices and mark a significant advance in magnetotransport research.

关键词： Monolayers

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AVTENet: Audio-Visual Transformer-based Ensemble Network Exploiting Multiple Experts for Video Deepfake Detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min The Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11605 Taiwan The Department of Electrical Engineering The Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

Forged content shared widely on social media platforms is a major social problem that requires increased regulation and poses new challenges to the research community. The recent proliferation of hyper-realistic deepfake videos has drawn attention to the threat of audio and visual forgeries. Most previous work on detecting AI-generated fake videos only utilizes visual modality or audio modality. While there are some methods in the literature that exploit audio and visual modalities to detect forged videos, they have not been comprehensively evaluated on multi-modal datasets of deepfake videos involving acoustic and visual manipulations. Moreover, these existing methods are mostly based on CNN and suffer from low detection accuracy. Inspired by the recent success of Transformer in various fields, to address the challenges posed by deepfake technology, in this paper, we propose an Audio-Visual Transformer-based Ensemble Network (AVTENet) framework that considers both acoustic manipulation and visual manipulation to achieve effective video forgery detection. Specifically, the proposed model integrates several purely transformer-based variants that capture video, audio, and audio-visual salient cues to reach a consensus in prediction. For evaluation, we use the recently released benchmark multi-modal audio-video FakeAVCeleb dataset. For a detailed analysis, we evaluate AVTENet, its variants, and several existing methods on multiple test sets of the FakeAVCeleb dataset. Experimental results show that our best model outperforms all existing methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance on Testset-I and Testset-II of the FakeAVCeleb dataset. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Can Personalized Medicine Coexist with Health Equity? Examining the Cost Barrier and Ethical Implications

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Francisco, Kishi Kobe Yee Apuhin, Andrane Estelle Carnicer Tan, Myles Joshua Toledo Byers, Mickael Cavanaugh Maravilla, Nicholle Mae Amor Tan Karim, Hezerul Abdul AlDahoul, Nouar Biology Program College of Arts and Science University of St. La Salle Negros Occidental Bacolod City Philippines Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health & Health Professions College of Medicine University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Department of Natural Sciences College of Arts and Science University of St. La Salle Negros Occidental Bacolod City Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Technology University of St. La Salle Negros Occidental Bacolod City Philippines Department of Electronics Engineering College of Engineering and Technology University of St. La Salle Negros Occidental Bacolod City Philippines Yo-Vivo Corporation Negros Occidental Bacolod City Philippines Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Selangor Cyberjaya Malaysia Department of Computer Science Division of Science New York University Abu Dhabi Saadiyat Marina District Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Personalized medicine (PM) promises to transform healthcare by providingtreatments tailored to individual genetic, environmental, and lifestylefactors. However, its high costs and infrastructure demands raise concernsabout exacerbating health disparities, especially between high-income countries(HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While HICs benefit fromadvanced PM applications through AI and genomics, LMICs often lack theresources necessary to adopt these innovations, leading to a wideninghealthcare divide. This paper explores the financial and ethical challenges ofPM implementation, with a focus on ensuring equitable access. It proposesstrategies for global collaboration, infrastructure development, and ethicalframeworks to support LMICs in adopting PM, aiming to prevent furtherdisparities in healthcare accessibility and outcomes. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Personalized medicine

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